U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command

Unclassified//For Official Use Only

Unclassified//For Official Use Only

Mar 2013

Coalition Joint Spectrum Management Planning Tool (CJSMPT)

Electromagnetic Battle Manager (EMBM)

2

Problem Statement

• CENTCOM issued Joint Urgent Operational Need (JUON) for Spectrum Operations at Tactical Level to deconflict CREW and Blue Force Comms (BFC)

• Provide tactical level units with software that can:– Perform quick analysis of CREW against BFC frequencies– Predict interference events – Recommends a mitigation strategy and resolution– Generate reports and graphically represent affected BFC systems

• Provide all Joint Electromagnetic Spectrum Managers with current spectrum mission software

3

EMBM System Overview

Description• EMBM provides an integrated RF

spectrum planning and management capability that enables automation of the spectrum management process.

• Models and simulates the Electromagnetic Battlespace (EMB) as it pertains to ongoing missions.

• EMBM capabilities mapped to Joint SM processes (CJCSM 3320.01C)

• Enhance Spectrum Management Lifecycle for Joint Task Force (JTF) and lower echelons

• Tactical EW and RF Interference prediction and mitigation using modeling and simulation

4

EMBM/CJSMPT History

JMUA & Field Assessment, Completed Feb 2009

CENTCOM issues Joint Urgent Operational Need Statement (JUONS) for Spectrum Operations at Tactical Level to de-conflict CREW and Blue Force communications; Jul 2005

CERDEC began CJSMPT JCTD in response to CENTCOM JUONS, Mar 2006

2007

2008

2005

2009 CJSMPT v2.1 V&V, Completed 16-18 Aug 2009

2006

2010

Phase I SW – EW De-confliction Focus, Completed Jun 2007

CJSMPT Assessment in OIF, Completed Oct 2007

CJSMPT v2.1 Deployment, Began 2 Nov 2009

CJSMPT Admin & Client v2.1.1 FQT, Sep 2010

2011May 12, 1 Yr Effort on CJSMPT v2.1.2 Initiated May 2011

CJSMPT v2.1.1 CCB, 2-3 Feb 2010

1 Oct 12, EMBM R&D Program initiated in CERDEC based on CJSMPT baseline – targeting transition to GEMSIS – LM PrimeEMBM 3 Spiral Reviews to prepare for FQT (Dev moving “in House”)

2012

EMBM Operational Assessment (OA)

Monthly SME reviews and preparation for JMUA (Most of 2008)

2013ATEC OA Capabilities and Limitation Report (CLR) Released

5

EMBM Value Added

• Enables Division Level and Below Planning and Prioritization of spectrum requirements

• Follows Current Joint Operational Spectrum Processes (CJCSM)• Maximizes spectrum usage through automated spectrum planning,

collaboration, deconfliction and reuse • Identifies and provides mitigation when available to reduce the risks to

personnel and equipment through early mitigation of frequency fratricide.• Provides analysis on mobile (air & land) platforms providing solutions

which reduce reliance on “more spectrum” requirements.

• Provides the capability to mitigate Counter IED Jammers from friendly RF systems, which is a critical JIEDDO requirement

• Enables effective Joint Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations (JEMSO) at all levels (Concentrating on Division level and below)

6

EMBM CAPABILITIES

• Policy generation / enforcement— SFAF Templates exchanged hierarchically

• Gather Spectrum Requirements— Simplified UI with automation for Unit and Net building

• Spectrum Summary— Aggregate requirements via data collaboration

• Define Electromagnetic Operational Environment (EMOE)— AOI based – EMB available through automated updates

• Pub-7 Compliant with SXXI— Automatic SFAF population using SDR and user data— Assignments follow SXXI guidance per the SFAF— Modifications automatically provided based on changes

• Nominate and Assign Frequencies— Suggest specific frequencies for assignment taking into

account user defined and collaborated plans.— Determines and optimizes spectrum based on changing

requirements – can support the identification of a re-use plan

• JCEOI— Special outputs to send spectrum plan to JACS— Automatically builds the MNL and resources in JACS

• Perform EW Deconfliction— Predict incidents of tactical Interference prior to mission

execution— Movement and CREW device included

• Resolve/Report Interference— SPA can suggest modifications to spectrum plan to minimize

interference on a mission by mission basis

Define Policy

Gather Requirements

Develop EMS

Summary

Define EMOE

Obtain EMS

resources

Develop SM Plan

Nominate & Assign

Generate JCEOI

Develop JRFL

EW Decon

Resolve Interference

Report Interference

CJCSM 3320.01C Spectrum Management

Lifecycle Steps

7

EMBM v1 Architecture Diagram

7

EMBM Analysis User Interface (AUI)- C# -

Spectrum Data Repository

(SDR) – Client DB-MS SQL2008-R2

Data Access

Spectrum Plan Advisor

(SPA)Transitioning to

C#

Communications Effects Simulator

(CES) -C/Fortran

executable-

Maps

-Flat Tile Files-

DKO-S (PASS/DDS)

Spectrum Data Repository

(SDR-Master DB)

SXXI

Windows MDI

MessagesSpectrum Usage Plan

File I/OInterference Metrics Recommended Plan

File I/OScenario Data

Interference Report

EMBM Client runs on:• MS Windows XP• MS Windows Vista• MS Windows 7

Data Requests Frequency Assignments Emitter Characteristics CREW Data

SDR Data Interchange (SDI)

Peer To Peer

Hierarchical

SDR Download

Task Force Editor (TFE)

Spectrum Plans

Unit Location update

Network Definition

ARAT

JETS

Spectrum Data

CREW data

Emitter Data

Visualizer

– Worldwind Java jar –

Force Loc/Mgmt

EW Effects

2D /

3D

User Interaction

Lo

calho

st

Analysis & Report Generator (ARG)

Spectrum (EMB, Assignments, etc..)

Interference

Spectrum Resource Manager (SRM)

Policy Mgmt

Assignment Mgmt

EMBM Admin runs on:• MS Windows XP• MS Windows Vista• MS Windows 7

SDR ADMIN

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Frequency Dependent Rejection

• Complex combination of factors:

• Radio waveform types

• Antennas (height, pattern, polarization),

• Transmit (power, frequencies, bandwidths, emission curve (side-lobes, harmonics),

• Receive (filters, sensitivity),

• Propagation losses (distance, terrain, etc)

• Duty cycles, durations, traffic levels, number of nodes,

• Inter-modulation, etc...

• Method Used for Interference Estimation

• spectral overlap

• Determine extent of channel overlap, side-lobe, harmonic energy, sensitivity

• Calculate radio waveform-to-waveform interference factor

• Account for severity relative to combination of waveforms involved

• 2D interaction matrix

• Power de-rating/coexistence factor

• Calculate antenna loss

• Calculate propagation loss

• Aggregate over all transmitters within range of receiver(s) and compare:

Radio2Radio Sensitivity <> Pwr * Overlap * Losses * Factors

Frequency

Pow

er/S

ensi

tivi

ty FcntrFcntr

Side-Band Skirts

Integrate overlap area

Tx Rcvr

Simple Overlap

Integrated Overlap

Spectral Overlap Approaches:

9

EMBM Equipment Overview

• Hardware Requirement (Baseline)– Dell Latitude E6500 – Intel Core 2 Duo T9400, 2.53GHz – 4 GB RAM & 160GB Hard Drive– Minimum HW/SW requirements for EMBM

• 2.2 GHz Duo Core uP• 2 GB RAM & 20 GB Hard Drive• AGM Win 7 or AGM Win Vista

• Supported interface Software– EMBM Client Software v2.1.2 (collaboration)– ACES v3.1 (Master Net List, Resources and Net IDs)– Spectrum XXI Software– Spectrum XXI-O (Ready Post OA)

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Current Collaboration with PM IEW&S

• Working with HQDA G3 Electronic Warfare Division, Joint Spectrum Center J3, TRADOC, and ASMO to socialize EMBM among EW community

• Investigating leveraging EMBM for EW Planning

• Participating in discussions regarding the coordination of spectrum and electronic warfare planning

• Personnel matrix to PM IEW&S providing technical guidance for EWMPT (POR for PM IEW&S)

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Potential Enhancements to EMBM for EW Planning

• EMBM provides a spectrum planning and analysis foundation that could be built upon to provide additional EW functions such as

– Planning and Collaboration

– RF Coverage and Propagation Analysis

– EA Effectiveness Simulation and Prediction

– Provide Combined Spectrum / EW Common Operational Picture with CPOF Interface

U.S. Army CERDEC (SAFM) has almost completely taken over the configuration management and development of EMBM “IN HOUSE” with government developers.

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Future Propagation Models

In coordination with other offices, CERDEC has been developing propagation models for urban and rural environments to meet today’s needs for efficient spectrum management:

• An Integrated Urban Propagation Program Consisting of:– A Long-Range simplified analytical Urban Propagation Model (UPM)– An Urban model that accounts for terrain effects in a mixed

urban/terrain environment – Short–range (up to 500m) simplified Urban Propagation Model (UPM)– The long-range and short models are integrated into a single program• Rural

– A model that accounts for the scattering effects in rural environment• Has been integrated with TIREM

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EMBM Summary

• Enables effective Joint Electromagnetic Spectrum Operations (JEMSO) at Division level and below

• Supports all phases of CJCSM 3320.01C Spectrum Management Process• Only spectrum mission planning tool that automatically includes CREW devices

and Blue Force Comms using ARAT CREW for the purpose of spectrum operations.

• EMBM Database (SDR) consolidates and logically links all data needed for spectral analysis, planning and mitigation of Comms and EW systems

– SDR being sustained by CERDEC temporarily – EMBM is due to transition to GEMSIS this year– World-Wide SDR ready for trial runs – supporting limited deployment

• Useful for both Operations and Engineering Spectrum Support– CERDEC is currently using EMBM for modeling and simulation in support of SSRA– Utilized at NIE (SOS-I) to support for Spectrum requests, RF coverage analysis, etc.

• Provides a viable foundation for additional capabilities such as more detailed Electronic Warfare Battle Management Planning