7/25/2019 Us 5594841

1/43

United

S t a t e s Patent [ 1 9 1

S c h u t z

I l I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

USO05594841A

5 , 5 9 4 , 8 4 1

J a n . 1 4 , 1 9 9 7

[ 1 1 ]

Patent Number:

[ 4 5 ] Date o f

P a t e n t :

[ 5 4 ] STEREOGRAM AND METHOD OF

CONSTRUCTING

THE SAME

[ 7 6 ]

I n v e n t o r :

S t e p h e n

A .

S c h u t z ,

7 9 1 0

I v a n h o e ,

S u i t e 4 3 6 ,

L a J o l l a ,

C a l i f . 9 2 0 3 7

[ 2 1 ] A p p l . N o . : 1 7 5 , 0 5 4

[ 2 2 ]

F i l e d : D e c . 2 7 , 1 9 9 3

[ 5 1 ] I n t . C l . 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. .

G06T 15/00

[ 5 2 ]

US.

l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395/119; 351/203;

359/462

[ 5 8 ]

Field of Search

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . 395/119; 351/203;

3 5 9 / 4 6 2

[ 5 6 ] R e f e r e n c e s C i t e d

U . S . PATENT

DOCUMENTS

4,135,502 1/1979 Peck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.

128 765

5,204,944

4/1993 Wolberg

e t

a 1 .

5,371,627

12/1994

Baccei e t a 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 5 9 / 4 6 2

OTHER PUBLICATIONS

T y l e r ,

C . W .

e t a l . ,

T h e

A u t o s t e r e o g r a m .

T h e S o c i e t y

o f

P h o t o - O p t i c a l I n s t r u m e n t a t i o n E n g i n e e r s ( S P I E ) . v o l .

1 2 5 6 : 1 8 2 1 9 7 F e b .

( 1 9 9 0 ) .

Games L o o k , M a ,

No G l a s s e s , A p r .

1 2 l 5 ( 1 9 9 2 ) .

3 d

P i x e l g r a m b y d i g i - r u l e ,

m i n i - s e r i e s Se a l w i t h a K i s s

l 9 9 3 D i g i - R u l e , I n c . C a l g e r y , C a n a d a ,

1

p a g e ( 1 9 9 3 ) .

M e l a n i e

C a r r

C h i l d e r n Round t he W o r l d / E a s t

3 D r t ,

N .

E . T h i n g E n t e r p r i s e s , S o u t h e r n S t o c k , U n i p h o t o

P r e s s

I n t e r

n a t i o n a l ( 1 9 9 3 ) .

B a c c e i , Tom

a n d

S m i t h ,

C h e r y l N . E . T h i n g F a b u l o u s 1 9 9 3

3D

C a l e n d a r N . E .

T h i n g

E n t e r p r i s e s , C a m b r i d g e , MA

( 1 9 9 1 ) .

B r e l i n s k i , M.

D o l p h i n s

S o n g N V i s i o n

G r a ? x ,

I n c . D a l l a s

T e x a s ( 1 9 9 3 ) .

M e i l a c h , Dona .

G i v i n g

L i f e l i k e D i m e n s i o n

t o

C o m p u t e r

G r a p h i c s

w i t h

3 ~ D

S t e r e o

S y s t e m s .

C o m p u t e r

P i c t u r e s

l l z 4 4 ~ 4 6

( 1 9 9 3 ) .

S l i n k e r

e t

a l . The G e n e r a t i o n And Animation

o f

R and om

D o t And

Ramdon

L i v e A u t o s t e r eo g r a r n s , J o u r n a l o f i m a g

i n g

S c i e n c e And

e c h n o l o g y ,

v o l . 3 6 , N o . 3 , M a y / J u n . 1 9 9 2 ,

p p . 2 6 0 - 2 6 7 .

P r i m a r y ExaminerMark K .

Zimmerman

A t t o r n e y , A g e n t ,

o r

F i r m C a m p b e l l

l o r e s

[ 5 7 ] ABSTRACT

A a r e eyed

s t e r e o g r a m

b a s e d on c o n t i n u o u s t o n e , non

random

d o t a r t

a n d a

p r o c e s s

f o r making t h e

s t e r e o g r a m .

A

c o m p u t e r

i m p l e m e n t e d p r o c e s s f o r m a k i n g t h e

s t e r e o g r a m

u s e s a

c o m p u t e r s y s t e m

h a v i n g

a

c e n t r a l

p r o c e s s i n g

u n i t ,

memory, s t o r a g e , a u s e r

i n t e r f a c e , a n e d i t

program and

d i s p l a y

m e a n s . The

r t

i s i n p u t to

t h e

s y s t e m i n

t h e form

o f

r e p e a t i n g

b a n d s

o f p i c t u r e e l e m e n t s

n

a

s t e r e o g r a m

b a s e .

T h e p i c t u r e e l e m e n t s h a v e a s s i g n e d i n f o r m a t i o n , a n d d e p t h

i n f o r m a t i o n a s w e l l .

Below

a t h r e s h o l d

v a l u e ,

new

informa

t i o n i s a s s i g n e d by t h e method o f s m e a r .

At

o r above t h e

t h r e s h o l d v a l u e , i n f o r m a t i o n i s p r o v i d e d b y a

n u m b e r

o f

t e c h n i q u e s

w h i c h i m p o r t t h e i n f o r m a t i o n

v a l u e s

o f

p i c t u r e

e l e m e n t s o u t s i d e t h e s t e r e o g r a m

b a s e .

P r e f e r a b l y some o f

t h e

i n f o r m a t i o n

i s

c o l o r i n f o r m a t i o n

a n d t h e

e x t e r n a l c o l o r

i n f o r m a t i o n

v a l u e s a r e a l t e r e d

t o b l e n d w i t h

c o l o r s i n

t h e

s u r r o u n d i n g

b a s e . A r o c e s s f o r

m a k i n g a s t e r e o g r a m w i t h

w i d e r e p e a t i n g b a n d s t h a t

c a n

be

v i e w e d

a t

a d i s t a n c e i s

s h o w n .

A

t e p p i n g

p r o c e d u r e

f o r c r e a ti n g

s t e r e o g r a m s

a n d

a

m e t h o d o f

s u p e r i m p o s i n g

m u l t i p l e

s t e r e o g r a m s i s s h o w n .

1 4

C l a i m s , 2 5

D r a w i n g S h e e t s

I B E G I N P R O C E D U R E

4 - 7

I

I N I T I A L I Z E VARIABLES

THAT AR E

INTERNAL

TO

THE PROCDUR E

C U R T N C R = O

CNTR=O

STARTDF=1XR11

49

I

LOOP FOR EAC

F R O M

X = I X R 1 TO

I X D - I

H VALUE OF X

[ M I S C E L L A N E O U S

B O O K K E E P I N G D E T A I L S ]

54

DEPTH SUMMATION PROCEDURE T O

DETERMINE

WHETHER X I S

LOCATED

W I T H

A

G A P . I F

N O T .

THEN

CURINCR=O. I F X

I S

LOCATED

W I T H I N

A

GAP

THEN

CURINCR

>

0

AND

THE VALUE

OF

CURINCR

REPRESENTS

THE

NUMBER

OF P I X E L S R E M A I N I N G I N

THE

G A P .

( N O T E T H A T

C U R I N C R

V A R I E S W I T H X )

I

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

2/43

US.

Patent

J a n . 1 4 ,

1 9 9 7

S he e t 1 o f

2 5

5,594,841

(

3

g

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

3/43

US.

Patent ' J a n . 1 4 , 1 9 9 7

S h e e t

2 o f 2 5 5,594,841

2 %" ?

F

( b )

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

4/43

US.

Patent

J a n . 1 4 , 1 9 9 7 S h e e t 3 o f

2 5

5,594,841

5 5

3

5 5

a ) v

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

5/43

US. Patent J a n . 1 4 , 1 9 9 7 S h e e t 4

o f

2 5 5,594,841

F 8 6

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

6/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

7/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

8/43

US. Patent

J a n . 1 4 ,

1 9 9 7

S he e t

7

o f

2 5

5,594,841

2 5

.

m l

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

9/43

US. Patent J a n . 1 4 , 1 9 9 7 S h e e t 8 0 f 2 5 5,594,841

F I G .

0 ) )

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

10/43

U.S.

Patent J a n . 1 4 , 1 9 9 7 S h e e t 9 o f 2 5 5,594,841

B E G I N PROCEDURE

7 1

l

\ R = I X R 1 . P I Y L = 0 , I N C = O ,

I C U R I N C R = O , C N T R = 0 , S T A R T D F =

XR1-1

7 3

1

\ _ \ F O R X = I X R 1 T O 1 x o - 1

I N C = ( I F C N

( X ) - I F C N ( x - 1 ) )

XR=XR~INC

CURINCR=CURINCR~INC

7s

7 5

Y E S \

CURINCR=0

NO

1

79

7 7

Y E S

\

P I X L = 1

:1

8 1

NO

83

\PIXL =O.

YES

CURINCR =0.

XSTART7=

x au oz= o

NO, 1

F I G . 6A

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

11/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

12/43

US. Patent J a n . 1 4 , 1 9 9 7 S h e e t

1 1

o f 2 5

5,594,841

99 1 0 1

103

P I X L

7 0

Y E S

Y E S

AND S | Z E 1 >= START

=0

XSTART

=x

PARAMA1

NO

1 2 : 7

START

1

AND

P I X L

> XEND =x

CURINCR

NO

4

109

1 1 1

X S T A R T

0

\

AND XEND

o Y E S

_ _

AND X E N D

_

F O R XB-XSTART TO X E N D

5 1 3 2 5 1 ?

1 x 1 2 1 1 1 1 \ I F N $

( x a z )

= I F N

( S T A R T % - 1 )

NO

112 NEXT X8

1 1 v

113

XSTART

0 NO

AND XEND

o F

AND XEND

START

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

13/43

US.

Patent

J a n .

1 4 ,

1 9 9 7

S h e e t 1 2 o f 2 5

5,594,841

1

FOR

XF

=XSTART

TO 115

XEND

1

D1

=XF-START

, _ _ _ /

119

_ \

( I y M O D 2 ) = 0 Y E S

I F N

(X9:

A N D

: 2 1 )

: S D R D I F N ( X S T A R T - 1 )

X S T A R T

= 1

123

I F N ( X F ) =

I F N

( S T A R T - 1 )

V

H E K E R E D

I F F E R E N T I L

D 2 = XEND-XFJ125

127

[ 1 2 9

I F N

( X F ) =

I F N ( X E N D - H X R )

I y MOD2)=O A N D Y E S

02=o OR 0 2 = 2 )

F I G . 6D

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

14/43

US.

Patent

J a n . 1 4 , 1 9 9 7 S h e e t 1 3 o f 2 5 5,594,841

[ 1 3 3

I F N

( X F ) =

I F ' N ( X E N D + 1 X R )

1 3 5

V

( I y M O D 2 )

O AND

( 0 2 = 1

O R D 1 = 3 )

AND XEND+1

< IXD-Z

NO

NEXT XF

Y

N E X T

x J137

END

OF

P ROCEDU R E

F I G .

6E

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

15/43

U.S .

Patent

J a n . 1 4 , 1 9 9 7 S h e e t 1 4 0 f 2 5 5,594,841

B E G I N PROCEDUR E

+ 7 \

I

N I T I A L I Z E VARIABLES

THAT

ARE

INTERNAL TO

THE

PROCDUR E

XR=IXR1

CURINCR=O

CNTR=O

STARTDF=IXR1

4 9 \

I

LOOP FOR

EACH VALUE

OF

X

F ROM X = I X R 1 TO IXD-1

\

I

MISCELLANEOUS BOOKKEEPING D E T A I L S

\

v

DEPTH

SUMMATION

PROCEDURE

TO

DETERMINE

WHETHE R X I S LOCATED

W I T H A G A P . I F N O T ,

THEN

CURINCR=O.

I F

X

I S

LOCATED

W I T H I N A GAP THEN

CURINCR

> 0

AND

THE

VALUE OF

CURINCR

REPRESENTS

THE NUMBER OF

P I X E L S

R E M A I N I N G

I N

THE G A P .

( N O T E

T H A T

C U R I N C R V A R I E S

W I T H

X )

I

F I G .

7A

53

54

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

16/43

US.

Patent J a n . 1 4 ,

1 9 9 7 S he e t

1 5 o f

2 5

5,594,841

T H I S

I S THE METHOD

OF SMEAR

6 3 \ I F N ( X ) = I D F N ( S T A R T D F + C N T R + 1 )

NTR=CNTR+1

T H I S I S

THE METHOD OF S P L I C E D

COMMISSURE

65\

I

BOOKKEEPING

PROCEDURE

FOR

KEEPING

TRACK

OF THE BEGINNING AND END

OF

THE

GAP

7

6

\ - A P P L I C A T I O N O F B L E N D T O P I X E L S

AT THE B E G I N N I N G AND

END

OF GAP

I N O R D E R TO SOFTEN THE T R A N S I T I O N

6 9 \ I E N D L O O P

x l :

Y

[ E N D

O F P R O C E D U R E ]

F I G .

7B

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

17/43

US. Patent J a n . 1 4 , 1 9 9 7 S h e e t

1 6

o f 2 5 5,594,841

m m

Q E

m m > m m m m 0

Ou m3 hV

V

L

\ \rm m P

m m p\

i

:

I

a

~

1r

h m ?

_

\ 1 _ | | I _ | II .I .

m .

E

4 mO E

m m > m m m m

m Z

0m > m3 h

T w p

wQOm|

I _I

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

18/43

US. Patent J a n . 1 4 , 1 9 9 7 S h e e t 1 7 0 f 2 5 5,594,841

_ _ _ _ _ _ _

_______v_

_

1 5 7 T

t

6

F I G .

8C

H - R H

A

0 1

D 2 D 3

t 1 { ) |

t 2 { > l

l

x

t 3 { I

v

F I G . 80

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

19/43

US. Patent J a n . 1 4 ,

1 9 9 7

Sheet 1 8 0 f

2 5

5,594,841

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

20/43

US.

Patent

J a n .

1 4 , 1 9 9 7

S he e t

1 9

0 f

2 5 5,594,841

53

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

21/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

22/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

23/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

24/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

25/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

26/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

27/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

28/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

29/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

30/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

31/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

32/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

33/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

34/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

35/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

36/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

37/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

38/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

39/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

40/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

41/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

42/43

7/25/2019 Us 5594841

43/43