urbanization effects on isopods in denmark and hungary
DESCRIPTION
The slideshow represents the main results of studies on urban Isopoda assemblages in Denmark and Hungary.TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Abundance patternsof isopod assemblages under different urbanization stages
in Hungary and Denmark
Ferenc Vilisics1, E. Hornung1, Z. Elek1,2, G.L. Lövei3, T. Magura4 & B. Tóthmérész5
1 Szent István University (H); 2 CEMAGREF (F); 3 Aarhus University (DK); 4 Hortobágyi National Park (H); 5 Debrecen University (H)
![Page 2: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Johannesburg, ZA
Sao Paulo, BRA
Kansas City, USA
Kobe, JPN
Key problem:
Urbanization
![Page 3: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
•Similarities in
e.g. McKinney, ML (2006) Biol Cons
FUNCTION
industry, trade, education, culture etc.
LANDMANAGEMENT
habitat degradation, artificial surfaces, etc.
STRUCTUREe.g. residential, industrial, commercial zones
ENVIRONMENT
e.g. heat island effect
![Page 4: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Niemelä (1999) Urban Ecosyst
• Structure of cities is similar (GlobeNet):
Densely built-in city
core
Suburban zone
Rural area; woods
C I T I E S
![Page 5: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• Few taxa are well studied from cities- E.g. Carabidae, Aranei
• Urban soil decomposers are not well known
URBAN SOIL FAUNA
Vilisics & Hornung (2009) Urban Ecosyst
Szlávecz et al. 2008 URBIO Erfurt abstract
Species introduction
Biotic homogenizatio
n
• Dual effect of urbanizaton is detected:
![Page 6: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Sampling design, sampling localities and areas: GlobeNet protocol (Niemelä et al. 2000)
• Observed towns: - Debrecen: medium size- Sorø: small town
• Different disturbance levels
– Rural, forest– Suburban area forested areas– Urban park
METHODS
![Page 7: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
R U R A L
• 3 habitat types (areas)
• 4 replicates (sites) / areas, 50 m distance
• 10 pitfall traps, 10 m distance
• Total: 120 pitfall traps (3*40)
• Sampling periods: May – October
SUBURBAN
U R B A N
METHODS
![Page 8: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
- Denmark
- Hungary
• Sorø
• Debrecen
LOCALITIES
![Page 9: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Oak forest
Suburban area
Urban park
• Debrecen
![Page 10: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Beech forest
Suburban area
Urban park
• Sorø
![Page 11: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• Intermediate disturbance h.- Species richness is highest under intermediate disturbance
level
• Increasing disturbance h.- Species richness is highest under intermediate disturbance
level
• Species introduction h.- The number of introduced and synanthropic species is
highest in the urbanized areas.
HYPOTHESES
![Page 12: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
RESULTS
• Debrecen (H)
- 6 species, 9000 ind.
• Sorø (DK)
- 6 species, 99,569 ind. (2 species excuded)
Porcellio scaber
![Page 13: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Sorø: Armadillidium vulgare Porcellio scaberTrachelipus rathkii
Ligidium hypnorumOniscus asellusPhiloscia muscorum
● High uniformity between cities
● Native generalist, or cosmopolitan species
● No exotic species
● No differences in species compositions among R – S - U areas
in each town.
RESULTS
Debrecen: Armadillidium vulgare Porcellio scaberTrachelipus rathkii
Trachelipus ratzeburgii Porcellium collicola Cylisticus convexus
![Page 14: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
INDIVIDUALS / TRAP Egipigeic activity
Debrecen, 2002 Sorø, 2004N
o. o
f ind
ivid
uals
/tra
p (+
-SD
)
Rural Suburban Urban Rural Suburban Urban
Kruskal-Wallis test, p<0,01
Sorø (DK)Debrecen (H)
![Page 15: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
ABUNDANCE OF SITES AND AREASNested ANOVA
Df. F p Fisher LSD
Debrecen Area 2 0,69 *R = S S < U R < U
Site(Within area) 9 4,43 **
Sorø Area 2 8,63 ***R < S R < U R < U
Site(Within area) 9 4,98 **
R = Rural, S = Suburban, U = Urban
*<0,1 **<0,05 ***<0,001
● Significant differences among areas,
● Significant differences among sites within each area
(spatial aggregation of isopods)
![Page 16: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
SIMILARITY OF SITES AND AREAS
Cluster analysis, Bray-Curtis, Ward method
Sorø (DK)
Rural Suburban Urban
Debrecen (H)
![Page 17: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Epigeic activity
Rural Suburban UrbanRural Suburban Urban
Debrecen Sorø
SPECIES FREQUENCY IN AREAS
Epigeic activity
![Page 18: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
RANK-ABUNDANCE OF ASSEMBLAGES
Debrecen
Sorø
Rural Suburban Urban
![Page 19: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
SUMMARYFor both towns:
1. Species richness: no differences among areas rural, suburban, urban.
2. No introduced, exotic species captured by pitfall
traps.
3. The differences among areas were indicated by
abundance patterns of species.
4. Rank-abundance of assemblages show unevenness
regardless to level of urbanization.
![Page 20: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We thank to all of those colleagues who helped in the field and the lab in Debrecen and Sorø.
Grants: - Akademi Stilftelse & the Danish Institute for Agricultural Sciences
- Hungarian National Research Fund (OTKA T 043508)
- International School of Biodiversity Studies (ISOBIS) (Z. Elek)
- Hungarian Scholarship Board (HSB, Eötvös-grant, Z. Elek).
![Page 21: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Urbanization effects on Isopods in Denmark and Hungary](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020207/559ebb911a28ab832a8b4665/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
• Appr. 4000 species world-wide
• Soil and litter dwellers
• Diverse morphology
• Important role as decomposers
• Hungary: Sporadic but regular samplings
• Denmark: Data older than 50 years
TERRESTRIAL ISOPODS (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea)
Meinertz, T (1964) Vidensk Medd dansk
Schmalfuss, H (2003) Stuttg Beitr Naturk
Vilisics, F (2007) Folia Nat Hist Mus Matr
Hungary - 57
Denmark - 30