Urban Regeneration (3)Jacqueline Ansbro

Aim of the Session

To develop an understanding of agents of regeneration and funding. Brief look at Regeneration companies. Evaluate Regeneration Schemes

By the End of this session Learners will have explored in detail the effectiveness of two

regeneration schemes providing intensive information concerning there

development.

Funding

The key for urban revitalization lies generally in Public and Private Partnerships funding. These partnerships take many forms such as formal organisations to leading businesses who work directly with public officials. Direct subsidies from public agency’s to private firms can be described has public- private partnerships. Economic development has emerged has a major function of local government and because of this, public and private partnership are increasingly viewed as a critical tool and economic growth is now the central objective of this relationship.

The Institutional Framework

The type of partnership and its institutional framework made use of in the regeneration process depends on the characteristics of the area, partnership objectives, the focus of activities such as communities, business and environment and the relationship between partners.

There are three institutions where funding comes from;

The public sector encompasses central government departments and institutes such as the Department of the Environment, Transport and the regions Home office plus English Partnerships. The Public sector provides critical financial support, subsides grants and tax incentives. It contributes knowledge and expertise in Urban Planning. They are expected to take the lead in urban regeneration, co ordinate and steer the process.

Private Sector Private Sector Institutions

These include investors in banks, Trusts, Property Developers and Local businesses. They are profit motivated and have an invaluable instinct and knowledge about the market. They have a good ability to assume risk in property development and provide funds that surpass the public sector.

Community based institutions

These are charitable networks and voluntary organisations. They are non profit making and provide services and funds. They add value due to their extensive knowledge of the area. They act as advocates who need to operate independently from the government.

These institutions collaborate at different levels to address a variety of issues.

Sources of Public Finance The most significant amount of public money

for regenerating schemes comes from two sources. The Regional development agency and the European Union.

The Regional Development agencies have what is known as a single Pot of funding from government.

Other Sources of Public Funding

Local Authorities Non governmental organisation such as the, The Price Trust Pea Body Foundation National Lottery European Union

Peabody Trust

This is a private based institution that exist to tackle poverty, and to provide good affordable housing. Pea body Trust is one of London’s housing associations. The Trust oversees the Peabody Donation Fund, established by an American banker George Peabody in 1862. In 1948 the fund was incorporated by an Act of Parliament known as the Peabody Trust. It now manages over 19,000 properties spread across all of London’s Boroughs.

[1]A London Architect named Bill Dunster who worked for the Peabody Trust wanted to build a Net-Zero fossil energy development which consume all its energy from renewable sources. Several projects collaborated to produce what is today known as the Beddington Zero Energy development (BEDZED)

BEDZED)

BEDZED provides a total of 82 homes and the character and size of the homes varies greatly. The general layout of the housing units is south facing with terraces and large glass openings to maximize solar gain. The buildings make extensive use of the roofs to provide spaces which takes advantage of rain water harvesting and biodiversity. The height of the buildings is doubled to bring light into the space and for solar radiation and all the resources needed for the homes are from site.

Bed Zed used recycled and reclaimed materials during construction in which they sourced local materials and they employed local people, providing other facilities for the community such as a nursery and good road links.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XkenbQoDV4w

BEDZED http://myweb.tiscali.co.uk/doubleplus/cloverle

af_city/efficient_buildings.htm

The Regional Development Agency

The Regional Development Agency (RDA) was established under the regional development agencies Act in 1998 and was formally launched on April 1999. Our primary role is as strategic drivers of regional economic development. The (RDAs) aim is to coordinate regional economic development and regeneration, enabling regions to improve their relative competitiveness and reduce the unbalances that exist. Under the Regional Development Agencies Act 1998, each Agency has five purposes which are;

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bi_yEHNF-54

Nine (RDA)

Advantage West Midlands East Midlands Development Agency London Development Agency North |West Development Agency One North East South East England Development Agencies South West England Development Agency Yorkshire Forward

Objectives

To promote business efficiency To further economic development. To promote employment. To enhance the application of skills. To contribute to sustainable development.

Urban Regeneration Process Urban Renewal is the re- development of

areas of moderate to high density. In the past it was typically well known for the destruction of businesses and the relocation of people.

urban regeneration Process Now urban regeneration is a market commodity that can

produce wealth and power for its owners. It uses land and government activity to make money as place is now seen as a market commodity that can produce wealth and power for its owners. Due to the strength of the regulation theory, government now recognise the benefit of spreading its growth back to the whole population. Local businesses and people are today seen as a major participant in Urban Politics. Cities are currently in a position to affect production, channel investment and drive local government.

Information Technology information technology offers opportunities to

recognise production processes To cut provisions and to provide a more individualized product.

Eagan

According to Eagan, ‘Construction should be quality driven’. Any less than perfect quality results in a loss to society. Companies for example should hit targets and do away with loss. Reducing loss through ingenuity makes a product more sustainable and better quality.

Quality Design

Despite growing awareness there is still a need however, for establishing not only better quality design but also a better knowledge economy whereby, the socially excluded parts of a city can be integrated through transportation and training infrastructure providing even greater opportunities for business.

Silicone Valley

Silicone Valley is a typical example of ingenuity and good quality design. A successful business development took place on area located on the San Francisco coast. About 40 years ago Stanford University had some financial problems which was solves by creating a institute centre for high, technological, research which supported economic developments in the region and which turned out to be a complete success. Here was the world’s first digital computer, weighing in at 30 tonnes.

Silicone Valley http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=daaliXLBs

L4&feature=related

Provider of incentives.

The government is now committed to preventing crime, Health and the well being of the individuals of a community, as demonstrated in change 4 Life, which is aimed at encouraging parents to give their children better diets, more exercise, and to find out what’s in their local area. Its strategies are to improve education, employment and the environment. It has developed mortgage, rescue schemes, home ownership, schemes and shelter and housing for the homeless.

Regeneration Companies.

CABE, CASTLEFORD, NWDA and NEW EAST MANCHESTER are all equipped to address issues of towns and cities which are under pressure and are confronted with various problems which include social problems, low quality environment, obsolete housing.

CABE

The way in which CABE work is that they encourage policy makers to create places that are safe and efficient to run. They conduct research and run campaigns on architecture and design. They support public agencies with good design and promote better education skills for the built environment. A building for life assessment is carried out on all the planned and completed house developments against the 20 building for life criteria, which is a standard that must embody CABES vision of functional, attractive and sustainable housing.

ELEVATE

Elevate are a Housing renewal pathfinder who work closely with CABE and English Heritage funded programmes that provides advices, training programmes and promote standards that must be achieved in their projects. These are building for life and level (3) Code for Sustainable Homes.

NWDA

The NWDA is part of a six star rated school of construction and property management at the University of Salford. It is the constructing excellence centre for the North West. They also promote Level (3) code for Sustainable Homes and Best Practice developed by BREEAM for the North West. Best Practice (BRSEE ) include social, environmental and economic options. The goal which underpins the agency’s vision is to deliver economic development.

(NEM) New East Manchester NEM is a partnership initiative between Manchester city

council NWDA, communities of East Lancashire and, English partnership. They aim to lead the physical regeneration of the area coordinating social and economic initiatives and promote the area for new business and residents. NEM are successful in gaining top awards in the training category for the regeneration Assistants project. The aim of the project is to provide local residents with the opportunity to gain employment and follow a career path in regeneration.

The Thinking behind the Regeneration Organisations/ Recap

Carbon- To reduce harmful carbon emissions. Waste- To reduce the amount of material taken to landfill and reduce

waste, re- cycle waste and reuse as many materials as possible. Further, to minimise the creation of carbon and methane.

To reduce the demand on water resources through initiatives such as rain water harvesting.

To support a reduction on the reliance on private transport thus reducing harmful emissions.

To ensure that developers build to respond to climate change and to create a sense of place in their developments.

Social

Communities- Ensuring that economic vitality is achieved by addressing issues such as social problems, educational problems, and providing more attractive places to live.

Business-To ensure that investment in developments supports the goals for encouraging growth within the community. Employment and training.-Ensuring developers provide opportunities for the unemployed.

User Satisfaction and Comfort- To ensure that user comfort levels, do not fall below acceptable standards.

Whole Life Cycle- Developers here must consider the cost of the buildings including the savings made by enhanced energy efficient measures