urban bus planning september 28th, 2011cdn.cseindia.org/userfiles/madhav_pai.pdfbmtc bangalore 9.6...

Urban Bus Planning

September 28th, 2011

Madhav Pai

Director EMBARQ India

City Wide Route Reorganization

Single Corridor Several CorridorsFeeder Routes

City Wide RouteReorganization

Non

Integrated

Integrated

Metrobús – Mexico

BRT – Beijing

TransMilenio ‐ Bogotá

Metrovía ‐ Guayaquil

Jakarta

Quito (Trole, Ecovía, North)

LondonSao PauloMegabús ‐ Pereira

RIT ‐ Curitiba

Metrobus ‐ Istanbul

Singapore

Transantiago Seoul

Sao Paulo

SeoulLondon

KEY FACTORS FOR IMPLEMENTING SUCESSFUL BUS SYSTEM REFORMS LONDON, SAO PAULO & SEOUL

EMBARQ, 2009

GLOBAL CASE STUDIES ON CITY‐WIDE BUS REFORMS

Key Factors : Implementing Successful Reforms

• Strong leadership in the decision making process• Local institution leads technical planning and is based on

good field information• Bus priority and segregation• Use of technology• Creating an environment for equal sharing of risks and

incentives between system planner and system operator• Financial analysis, shortfall and the need for subsidy• System performance monitoring and user feedback

EXAMINING RESTRUCTURING EFFORTS IN BUS SYSTEMS ‐AHMEDABAD, BANGALORE, INDORE, MUMBAI EMBARQ, 2009

EXAMINING RESTRUCTURING EFFORTS

BEST KSRTC

BMTCCreated 1997

MPSRTC

ICTSL

Closed 2004

Created 2006

AMTS

JanmargCreated 2008

Created 1947 Created 1947

Buses: 4580 Pax: 4,500,000 Mode Share: 21%

Buses: 5840 Pax: 4,000,000M Mode Share: 36%

Buses: 760 Pax: 750,000 Mode Share: 15%



Created 1961

Gross Cost – Janmarg Ahmedabad

Indore: Atal Indore City Transport Limited

AICTSL Indore

Scale of OperationStarted with 30 Buses – 26,000 Passengers – Dec 2005Scaled to 110 Buses ‐ 100,000 Passengers ‐ April 2008 Current Status – 110 Buses – 90,000 Passengers

Operations Arrangement Net cost contract (legally binding agreement) between

AICTSL & private operatorsContract period is for 5 years with a clause to extend it for 2 more yearsOperator provides a specified service for a specified period and retains all revenue. Operator pays the authority a premium for the right to operate on the route.

AICTSL Indore

Challenges

Buses (First set of buses had to be scrapped in 4 years)Depot Land (Full requirement procured only in 2011). Infrastructure yet to be provided.Institution

Continues to be 4 personsCEO has changed 6 times since 2008Has no technical capacity

Private OperatorsSmaller operators defaultedCurrently one large monopoly operator125 JnNURM buses served as fleet replacement

City or State Government does not want to provide any financial subsidy

Jaipur: Jaipur City Transport Limited

JCTSL Jaipur

Scale of OperationCurrently operating 230 buses – 175,000 passengers10 Routes – 7 circular & 3 Radial

Operations ArrangementGross cost contract (legally binding agreement) between JCTSL & Rajasthan State Road Transport CorporationContract period is for 5 years

Operating Cost + Capital Cost – Rs 38.41 + Rs. 3.60 = Rs. 41.76

Revenues in Jul 2010 – Rs. 20 (Opening Month)Revenues in Jul 2011 ‐ Rs. 29

JCTSL Jaipur

Limited availability of Telematics Data

SPV JCTSL has no depot and terminal land. RSRTC uses it’s own land.

Bus maintenance is a big issue. Ashok Leyland was contracted for annual maintenance. They weren’t doing a good job. RSRTC is doing the maintenance on it’s own. Lack of depot facilities is being cited as a reason for inadequate maintenance.

TimeSindhi camp

Badi chopar JDA SMS

Jal mahal

Dher ke balaji

Transport Nagar GPO

High Court Circle

Scheduled Buses 48 52 8 52 14 20 40 25 16

Actual Performance – Based on Field Measurements

0900‐1000 34 46 9 51 10 18 13 13 17

1000‐1100 36 56 9 65 9 20 17 10 14

1100‐1200 33 44 7 60 10 19 15 13 14

1400‐1500 31 42 6 57 10 19 11 14 14

1500‐1600 30 46 8 62 6 19 21 23 17

1700‐1800 30 32 9 62 8 21 29 13 13

1800‐1900 26 15 8 62 6 18 44 13 16

1900‐2000 32 36 8 59 8 18 16 14 13

Average 32 40 8 60 8 19 21 14 15

Bangalore: Bangalore Metropolitan Transport Corporation

BMTC Bangalore

9.6 Million | 2,190 Sq. Km | 4,387 persons per sq.kmRidership in 2010 – 4,800,000 passengers per dayBuses in Operations – 6,122Employees ‐ 30,000Routes – 2,398Depots ‐ 32

BMTC Bangalore

Automatic fare revision formula (Karnataka Transport Department)Bus body building, improving aesthetics; improving fuel efficiency; increasing advertising spaceNight Halt SchedulesTerminal at major transfer pointsNon‐fare revenue – 5%Differentiated Services‐ Based on type of bus ‐ Direction Based Services (BiG 10)‐ Express ServiceSupport to CiSTUPBRT in conversation

Performance Indicators

Boarding & Alighting: Route G2

Avg. Passenger Load ‐ Route G2 ‐ Both Directions

0

4

8

12

16

20

24

28

32

Briga

de R

oad J

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hnso

n Mar

ket

Anep

alya

Adug

odi

Adug

odi P

olice

Qrts

Chec

kpos

t (Fo

rum)

St.Jo

hn's

Hosp

ital

Mad

iwala

Rupe

na A

grah

ara

Bom

mana

halli

Garv

ebha

vi Pa

lyaKo

odlu

Gate

Singa

sand

raHo

sa R

aod

Kona

ppan

a Agr

ahar

aIn

fosy

sCro

ss

Info

sys P

arkin

g Lo

tBH

EL Ci

rcle

Wipr

o Gat

e

Bus Stop

Passengers

Average Boarding Average Al ighting

Bus Occupancy Variation: G2

Major Issues ‐ Obstacles/Challenges

• Shortfall / Subsidy• Institutions / Institutional Capacity• Buses • Land availability for Depots /Terminals• Willing Private Entrepreneurs

Janmarg Ahmedabad

Janmarg Staffing5‐6 Employees

180 Supervisors

(Includes bus stop attendants, security, supervisors)

Janmarg Ahmedabad

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

1997/98 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07

Bus System Subsidy (million GBP, current prices)

1997/98 - 2006/07

London Buses - Example

Source: London Buses

System Planner

• Infrastructure (IDU)• Planning (City, TMSA)• Management and

contracting public transport services (TMSA)

• Oversight and Control (TMSA)

Contracts

System Operator

Acquires, maintains, operates the busesFurnishes and operates the fare collection systemAdministers system funds (trust fund)

33

Transport policies in Brazil CTS Brazil meetingEduardo A. Vasconcellos Buzios, RJ, May 31, 2011

Cycles of Public Transport Supply

Salvage Individual operators supply services under strict “market” rules: low quality, conflicts, chaos ‐Latin America, Asia and Africa

Corporative Inefficient public operator leads to chaos ‐São Paulo, Mexico City

Irresponsible Private operations ensure spatial supply/regularitybut captures state ‐ Brazil

Virtuous Society defines and controls, private operator provides services with quality and efficiency ‐USA/Europe

Transport policies in Brazil Eduardo A. Vasconcellos, May 31, 2011

EMBARQ’s Agenda for City Buses

1. Direct support to cities – Bangalore, Indore, Jaipur

2. Technical Workshops for with Bus Karo3. Bus Karo Plus

1. Pilot Project 6‐9 Cities2. Technical Workshops 5 ‐25 cities

Bus Karo Plus

Technical Workshops (3 Years)1. Route Design2. Use of Telematics3. Vehicles Asset Management 4. Vehicles & Fuels5. Financial Analysis & Business Plans6. Branding and Marketing7. Driver Safety and Ecodriving

Bus Company Partnerships1. Case Studies2. Pilot Projects

Peer Learning1. Exchange at workshops2. Exchange Program

* Bus Karo Plus will receive technical & financial support from Fedex Corporation

EMBARQ, The WRI Center for Sustainable Transport, catalyzes and helps implement

sustainable transport solutions than enhance quality of life and the environment

www.embarq.org

Thank you!

CATERILLAR FOUNDATION

Global Strategic Partners

India Program Partners

Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation

Godrej

BLOOMBERG PHILANTHROPIES

urban bus planning september 28th, 2011cdn.cseindia.org/userfiles/madhav_pai.pdfbmtc bangalore 9.6...

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