upper floors - weebly€¦ · upper floors an upper floor consists of joists with timber sheeting...
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Upper Floors An upper floor consists
of joists with timber sheeting above (floor) and plasterboard below (ceiling)
Joists are usually solid timber but engineered joists are also used-especially for very wide span houses. These joists are often called I-joists because of there shape
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Upper Floors
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Support of timber joists
The floor joists are supported by either ;
1. External walls or internal load bearing walls
2. Joist hangers.
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External Walls The ends of the joists are
usually built into the wall. Gaps are left in the blockwork to accommodate the joist
The joist should have a minimum bearing on the blockwork of 90mm
The end of the joist is treated with preservative
The area around the joist is then packed with mortar
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Steel Joist Hangers build galvanised steel
hangers into the blockwork to support the joists
These are relatively inexpensive and is the preferred method in this day and age
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Joist Hangers
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Support Between Joists
SOLID BRIDGING HERRINGBONE BRIDGING
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Stair Ope The opening around the
stairs is an important part of upper floor construction
The joist used to create the opening for the stair are usually thicker than the regular joists because of the increased loading they must sustain.
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Terms used for joists
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Notching and Drilling The accommodation of services in the upper floor is
normal practice
It is essential however that the joists are not weakened by this
The centre line of the joist is the best place to drill while notches are on the edge
(see sketch on Board)
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Floor finishes
Tiles
Timber
Carpet
Lino
Laminate flooring