MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF COMPRESSED CO2 EXPANSION THROUGH A COANDA NOZZLE Odell Lendor Glenn Jr., Dr. Sirivatch Shimpalee and Dr. Michael A. Matthews

University of South CarolinaDepartment of Chemical Engineering

Introduction

Research Questions

References

This research was supported by the National Institute of Health, grant number, 2R44ES019790-02, via CarboNix LLC

Coanda Nozzle

Computational Fluid Dynamics modeling is used to analyze a novel freeze spray process, produced by a Coanda nozzle accelerating dry ice particles. We predict particle velocities and residence times in a turbulent environment. The simulations are used as a tool to improve the freeze spray operation by determining maximum velocities in a nozzle as well as residence times on dry ice particles. Two simulation case studies for the spray-freeze process boundaries were examined, namely a closed boundary and a boundary open to the environment.

Pressure Distribution (Pa)Technology Mass fraction of dry ice

1. Singh, J.K. and C. Peterson. Development and validation of a correlation for exit velocity of water through OP nozzle using CFD simulation. in THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL MEETING OF ADVANCES IN THERMOFLUIDS (IMAT 2011). 2012. AIP Publishing.

2. Karunanidhi, S.G., et al., CFD Studies of Combustion in Diesel Engine. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN. 2248: p. 9622.

3. Singh, J.K. and C. Peterson. Development and validation of a correlation for exit velocity of water through OP nozzle using CFD simulation. in AIP Conference Proceedings. 2012.

4. Anandharamakrishnan, C., et al., Application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to spray-freezing operations. Drying Technology, 2009. 28(1): p. 94-102.

5. Blasius, H., Das Ahnlichkeitsgesetz bei Reibungsvorgangen in Flussigkeiten. Forsch. Arb. Ing., 1913. 134.

6. Cengel, Y., Heat transfer: a practical approach. 3 ed. 2013: McGraw-Hill Science/Engineering Math.

7. N.I.O.S.A, Thermophysical Properties of Fluid Systems, in Technology. 2011.8. A.I.G., Carbon Dioxide AIGA 068/10 GLOBALLY HARMONISED DOCUMENT. 2009,

Association.9. Abdulla, A., Estimating erosion in oil and gas pipe line due to sand presence. 2011. 

State of CO2

What is the state of CO2 as a function of position as it flows through 2 meters of capillary tube?

Mass fraction of dry iceWhat is the mass fraction of dry ice and CO2 vapor exiting the system at various inlet temperatures?

Open and Closed Boundary CFD SimulationsHow does the velocity of dry ice particles correlate to particle size as it flows out the Coanda nozzle?

Open boundary nozzle Pressure distribution (Pa)

𝑯𝟐=𝒙𝟐𝑯𝟐𝒗𝒂𝒑𝒐𝒓+(𝟏−𝒙𝟐)𝑯𝟐

𝒅𝒓𝒚 𝒊𝒄𝒆

270 275 280 285 290 295 300 3050.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

0.40

Mas

s fra

ctio

n of

dry

ice

Inlet Temperature (K)

Maximum Velocity andResidence Time

270 275 280 285 290 295 300 3051015202530354045505560657075

Case A: Open boundary at 1E-3 m particles Case B: Closed boundary at 1E-3 m particlesCase A: Open boundary at 1E-4 m particlesCase B: Closed boundary at 1E-4 m particlesCase A: Open boundary at 1E-5 m particlesCase B: Closed boundary at 1E-5 m particles

Max

imum

Vel

ocity

(m/s

)

Inlet Temperature (K)

270 275 280 285 290 295 300 3050.0020.0030.0040.0050.0060.0070.0080.0090.0100.0110.0120.0130.0140.0150.0160.0170.0180.019

Res

iden

ce ti

me

(s)

Inlet Temperature (K)

Case A: Open boundary at 1E-3 m particlesCase B: Closed boundary at 1E-3 m particlesCase A:Open boundary at 1E-4 m particlesCase B:Closed boundary at 1E-4 m particlesCase A: Open boundary at 1E-5 m particlesCase B: Closed boundary at 1E-5 m particles

Temperature Distribution (K)

Open Boundary temperature distribution (K)

Closed Boundary temperature distribution (K)

Closed boundary nozzle pressure distribution (Pa)

Mass fraction of CO2

Open boundary mass fraction for CO2

Closed boundary mass fraction for CO2