RESEARCH  POSTER  PRESENTATION  DESIGN  ©  2019

www.PosterPresentations.com

CONTEXT• Absence  of  a  Subdivision  Policy  or  regulation to  guide  residential  developments.• Subdivision  applications  were  being  reviewed  in  a  piecemeal,  slow  (around  2  years)  and  opaque  manner.    Approvals  were  given  to  developments  in  highly  hazardous  areas.

• Because  housing  demand  exceeds  supply,  people  pay  for  settlements  that  are  poorly  constructed  by  developers  with  no  basic  services  (e.g.,  no  drainage/sewage,  inadequate  water  supply).

• Distinct  lack  of  policies  and  financing  to  guide  the  growth  of  the  city  onto  safer  lands,  and  to  meet  the  needs  of  low-­‐income  residents.  

• 11,130  new  dwelling  units  will  be  needed  in  Port  Vila  alone  by  2030  (based  on  average  household  size  and  occupancy  rates  as  per  latest  Government  Census).

• Household  Surveys  revealed  that  lack  of  security  in  land  tenure  prevents  people  from  investing  in  improvements  to  make  their  homes  resilient.

MAIN  FINDINGS

WAY  FORWARD

“The  growing  urgency  to  provide  adequate  housing…  and  the  need  to  do  so  in  ways  to  guarantee  a  sustainable  future  for  cities  calls  for  a  paradigm  shift  in  housing  policy  and  practice.    The  momentum  could  not  be  better  with  the  Sustainable  Development  Goal  11  to  ‘make  cities  and  human  settlements  inclusive,  safe,  resilient  and  sustainable’.”    

-­‐Aisa Kirabo Kacyira,  UN  Habitat  Deputy  Executive  Director  (2016)

CONCLUSION• Pilot  settlement  area  was  selected  based  on  ‘Guided  Land  Development  Options’  (prepared  by  World  Bank)  which  overlays  multi-­‐hazard  risk  information,  transportation  &utility  services,  and  distance  to  employment  centers  & schools.  Informed  by  this  analysis,  government  acquired  an  undeveloped  10  ha  area  in  Etas  for  the  pilot  settlement.

• The  portion  of  land  with  a  steep  slope  (>1:5,  not  safe  to  build  housing  on)  will  be  maintained  with  lush  vegetation  as  a  recreation  green  space  for  residents.  

• Public  facilities  include  a  market,  school,  community  hall,  police  station  and  health  center.

• Establish  a  “one-­‐stop-­‐shop”  to  simplify  land  &  lease  registration  processes.

• Strengthen  institutions  by  helping  agencies  address  lack  of  manpower  &  lack  of  skilled  personnel.

• Establish  a  computerized  monitoring  system  in  the  Ministry  of  Lands  to  increase  efficiency  in  processing  applications  &  enforcing  the  National  Subdivision  Policy.  

• Empower  the  public  to  choose  safe  and  affordable  settlements  through  tools  like  an  “Online  Portal”  with  free  datasets  on  hazard  information,  guidelines  for  subdivision  applications,  list  of  compliant  subdivision  settlements,  etc.

• Laws  &  programs  to  improve  security  of  land  tenure  &  access  to  financing  should  complement  efforts  to  provide  safe  &  affordable  housing.

DEVELOPING  KEY  POLICIESThe  next  phase  in  institutionalizing  the  Subdivision  Policy  is  to  develop  implementing  details  in  the  “Subdivision  Regulations”  and  “Guidelines  for  Developers.”

WORK  IN  PROGRESSNow  working  with  the  Ministry  of  Lands  to  draft  the  “Subdivision  Regulations”  and  “Guidelines  for  Developers.”

MDP  ‘2020  – UC  BerkeleyKaren  Olivia  Jimeno  

Enabling  Affordable  &  Resilient  Settlements  in  Vanuatu

• Analyze  data  from  household  surveys  of  existing  settlements.

• Assist  in  conducting  pre-­‐feasibility  analysis  (map  topography,  conduct  multi-­‐hazard  assessment,  cost  estimates).  

• Assist  in  developing  “Land  Use  &  Subdivision  Plan”.  

• Review  lease  applications  &  registrations  filed  with  the  Land  Registration  Authority.

• Review  existing  laws  and  processes  on  land  &  housing  development.

• Assist  in  creating  a  multi-­‐pronged  approach  for  resilient  settlements  development.  

• Assist  in  drafting  “National  Subdivision  Policy”.• Work  with  Ministry  of  Lands  in  drafting  “Subdivision  Regulations”  &  ”Guidelines  for  Developers”.

Multi-­‐pronged  approach  developed  by  World  Bank  for  Vanuatu  entails  meeting  housing  needs  of  low  income  groups  

through  serviced  land  delivery  in  safer  areas.

DESIGN  CONSIDERATIONS

PROJECT  HIGHLIGHTS

World  Bank  field  visit  photos  of  existing  settlements  (2019)

Source:  UN  Habitat  Climate  Change  Vulnerability  Assessment  of  Port  Vila  (2015)

PROJECT  OBJECTIVE:Pilot  the  development  of  a  resilient  & affordable  settlement  for  low-­‐income  populations  in  Port  Vila  City  and  establish  policies  to  guide  the  development  of  safe  & affordable  settlements  in  Vanuatu.

RECOMMENDATIONS

SCOPE  OF  WORK  &  METHODOLOGY

Where  people  live  greatly  influences  their  exposure  to  natural  hazards,  exacerbated  by  drivers  of  risk  (such  as  poverty,  low-­‐quality  infrastructure,  insecurity  of  land  tenure).Vanuatu  is  the  second  most  disaster  risk  prone  country  in  the  world.   It  has  been  experiencing  high  population  growth,  particularly  in  Port  Vila  (the  capital  city).    Over  40%  of  Port  Vila’s  population  live  in  unplanned,  un-­‐serviced  settlements  in  hazardous  areas.    Informal  &  formal  settlements  are  rapidly  expanding  into  highly  hazardous  areas.  

Copy  of  the  Subdivision  Policy  prepared  by  Vanuatu  Government  with  assistance  from  World  Bank.

Land  Use  &  Subdivision  Plan  developed  by  World  Bank  for  the  pilot  settlement.

The  Republic  of  Vanuatu

PERSONAL  ROLE:  Policy  &  Regulatory  Consultant  for  World  BankWORLD  BANK  ROLE:  Provide  technical  &  financial  assistance  to  Vanuatu