unreal conditionals. type 2: present or future time reference
TRANSCRIPT
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Unreal Conditionals
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Type 2: Present or Future Time Reference
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IF + Past (Simple or Continuous)
+ WOULD & infinitive
(or MIGHT / COULD + infinitive)
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When IF is followed by TO BE, you can use WAS or WERE with I, HE, SHE, IT
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Tom would read more if he had more time (but he doesn’t have much time)
If I didn’t want to go to the party, I wouldn’t go (but I want to go)
We wouldn’t have any money if we didn’t work (but we work)
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If you were in my position, what would you do?
It’s a pity you can’t drive. It would be useful if you could.
If there was a fire in this hotel, it would be very difficult to escape.
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I wouldn’t live in the country if I didn’t have a car.
If you weren’t making so much noise, I could concentrate better.
If I were you, I’d make Jimmy wear a helmet when he’s cycling.
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If I were you, I wouldn’t buy a coat.
I’d go out if it weren’t / wasn’t so cold.
If I were / was rich, I would have a yatch.
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Type 3:Past Time Reference
Last month Gary was in hospital for a few days. Rachel didn’t know this, so she didn’t go to visit him. They met a few days ago, and Rachel said:
If I had known you were in hospital,
I would have gone to see you.
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IF + Past Perfect (Simple or Continuous)
+ WOULD HAVE & participle
(or MIGHT HAVE / COULD HAVE & participle)
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I didn’t see you when you passed me in the street. If I’d seen you, of course I would have said hello.
I decided to stay at home last night. I would have gone out if I hadn’t been so tired.
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If he had been looking where he was going, he wouldn’t have walked into the wall.
The view was wonderful. If I’d had a camera with me, I would have taken some photographs.
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If you had studied more, you would have done better in the exams.
I wouldn’t have been late if I hadn’t overslept.
He would have died if he hadn’t been wearing a helmet.
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If they had known you were coming, they might have stayed longer.
If I had seen you, I would have said hello.
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Compare:
i) I’m not hungry. If I was/were hungry, I would eat something → NOW
ii) I wasn’t hungry. If I had been hungry, I would have eaten something → PAST
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Compare:
i) If you studied more, you would probably pass the exam → FUTURE
ii) If you had studied more, you would probably have passed the exam → PAST
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Mixed Conditionals
We sometimes mix second and third conditionals if a hypothetical situation in the past has a present or future consequence.
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If I had gone to the party last night, I would be tired now.
He wouldn’t be so relaxed if he hadn’t finished his exams.