unleashing the power of the dewey decimal classification

The world’s libraries. Connected.

Looking beyond Shelf

Location

Unleashing the Power of the Dewey Decimal Classification

Radical Opportunities, New Trends for Technical Services

Mohican 2012

Joan S. Mitchell

Editor in Chief, DDC

OCLC

@DeweyTeam


How can we exploit the rich Dewey ecosystem to

support organization and discovery beyond the

linear shelf?

The big question


The Dewey ecosystem

flickr.com/photos/disneyite/1506813031/ by Donna62 on Flickr

Linked data

DDC data

Categorized content

Translations

Mappings

../../Documents and Settings/panzerm/Local Settings/Temporary Internet Files/OLK2B5/flickr.com/photos/disneyite/1506813031/




http://www.flickr.com/photos/disneyite/


Outline

• Data in the ecosystem

• Data encoding and distribution

• Agents (human and machine) enhancing and

linking data + categorizing content

• Brainstorming session on the big question

(with a few examples to prime our

discussion)


DDC data +

translations +

mappings

Looking beyond Shelf Location:

• 38,000+ explicit assignable numbers in schedules

• 12,000+ facets (building blocks from Tables 1-6 + internal add tables to be added to show languages, geographic areas, ethnic/national groups, genres, etc.)

• 100,000+ Relative Index terms

• 26,000+ mapped terms from LCSH, BISAC, and MeSH

DDC 23 EN data snapshot

French

DDC 22

German

DDC 22

Italian

DDC 22 Swedish

Mixed

DDC 22

Italian

A14

Vietnamese

A14 French

A14

Spanish A14 Hebrew

A14

200

Religion

Class

Guide

(French)

DDC 22

A14

DDC Sach-

gruppen

(German)

DDC

Summaries

English

French

Italian

Rhaeto-Romansch

Afrikaans

Arabic

Chinese

French

German

Norwegian

Portuguese

Russian

Scots Gaelic

Spanish

Swedish

DDC 22 Family


Arabic

DDC 23

(2013)

Italian

DDC 23

(2014)

Norwegian

DDC 23

(2013)

Swedish

Mixed

DDC 23

2012

Indonesian

A15

(2012)

200

Religion

Class

2012

Guide

(French)

(2012)

A15

2012

DDC

Summaries

2011

Afrikaans

Arabic

Chinese

French

German

Norwegian

Portuguese

Russian

Scots Gaelic

Spanish

Swedish

. . .

(2012)

DDC 23 Family

Vietnamese

DDC 23

(2012)

French

DDC 23

(2013)

German

DDC 23

(2015)

DDC 23

2011

Portuguese

DDC 23

(2013)

Turkish

DDC 23

Icelandic

Mixed

DDC 23

Mappings and crosswalks

DDC

LCSH

MeSH

GND

RAMEAU

SAB

BISAC SEARS

CSH

UDC

LCC

SAO

Nuovo Soggettario

AGROVOC

RVK


Data encoding and

distribution



Dewey data formats

Internal formats are enhanced versions of

• MARC 21 Classification Format

• MARC 21 Authority Format


Data encoding: MARC 21 Classification Format

Class record for 796.334


Data encoding: MARC 21 Classification Format

Class record for 796.334

750 #7 $a Soccer

$0(OCoLC-D)och00114729

$2 ddcri $9 as=AP $9 ps=PE


Data encoding: MARC 21 Authority Format

Relative Index record for “Soccer”


Data distribution formats

Two basic distribution formats:

• MARCXML

• RDF/SKOS (transform applied to MARCXML data)

Each distribution format has further end-user

transformations associated with it:

• MARCXML PDFs for print versions

• RDF/SKOS HTML for human-facing web services


Data distribution network

• Editorial Support System (ESS)

• Distribution server

• Translation software

• WebDewey

• Linked data services


DDC distribution model (excerpt):

ESS data Distribution server WebDewey

DISTRIBUTION

SERVER

ESS OCLC

WebDewey

OCLC

EN

WebDewey

Swedish

mixed EN/SV

WebDewey

Italian

IT

WebDewey

German

DE

WebDewey

French

FR

WebDewey

Norwegian

NO

.

.

.

Translation

Software

German

EN/DE

Translation

Software

Italian

EN/IT

Translation

Software

French

EN/FR

Translation

Software

Arabic

EN/AR

Translation

Software

Norwegian

EN/NO

Translation

Software

Swedish

EN/SV


796.334 Soccer (Association football)

WebDewey


ESS Distribution server Translation system

Distribution server Swedish WebDewey

DISTRIBUTION

SERVER

ESS OCLC

WebDewey

OCLC

EN

WebDewey

Swedish

mixed EN/SV

WebDewey

Italian

IT

WebDewey

German

DE

WebDewey

French

FR

WebDewey

Norwegian

NO

.

.

.

Translation

Software

German

EN/DE

Translation

Software

Italian

EN/IT

Translation

Software

French

EN/FR

Translation

Software

Arabic

EN/AR

Translation

Software

Norwegian

EN/NO

Translation

Software

Swedish

EN/SV


796.334 Fotboll

Swedish WebDewey


DISTRIBUTION

SERVER

ESS OCLC

WebDewey

OCLC

EN

WebDewey

Swedish

mixed EN/SV

WebDewey

Italian

IT

WebDewey

German

DE

WebDewey

French

FR

WebDewey

Norwegian

NO

.

.

.

Translation

Software

German

EN/DE

Translation

Software

Italian

EN/IT

Translation

Software

French

EN/FR

Translation

Software

Arabic

EN/AR

Translation

Software

Norwegian

EN/NO

Translation

Software

Swedish

EN/SV

Linked

DDC Web

Services

Dewey distribution environment:

Linked data services


Dewey.info service: Top levels


Dewey.info service: Full + abridged


Dewey.info service: Geographic areas


Dewey.info service: RDF/SKOS

http://dewey.info/class/2--77129/about.rdf





dewey.info/class/2--77129/about.rdf (excerpt)

. . .

<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://dewey.info/class/2--77129/e23/2012-08-01/">

<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Thing"/>

<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#Concept"/>

<xhv:license rdf:resource="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/"/>

<cc:attributionName>OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc.</cc:attributionName>

<cc:attributionURL rdf:resource="http://www.oclc.org/dewey/"/>

<dct:isVersionOf rdf:resource="http://dewey.info/class/2--77129/e23/"/>

<skos:notation rdf:datatype="http://dewey.info/schema-terms/Notation">277129</skos:notation>

<skos:notation rdf:datatype="http://dewey.info/schema-terms/Notation">T2--

77129</skos:notation>

<skos:inScheme rdf:resource="http://dewey.info/scheme/ddc/"/>

<skos:inScheme rdf:resource="http://dewey.info/scheme/translation/en/"/>

<skos:inScheme rdf:resource="http://dewey.info/scheme/edition/e23/"/>

<skos:inScheme rdf:resource="http://dewey.info/scheme/version/e23/2012-08-01/"/>

<skos:inScheme rdf:resource="http://dewey.info/scheme/table/2/e23/2012-08-01/"/>

<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Ashland County</skos:prefLabel>

<skos:broader rdf:resource="http://dewey.info/class/2--7712/e23/2012-08-01/"/>

. . .


Agents



Agents in the Dewey ecosystem

ACOC Translation teams

ALA Mapping partners

CILIP Research partners

NIKKI National libraries

SABINET Subject experts

. . . Linked data services

European DDC Users’ Machine-assisted

Group (EDUG) application processes

LC & OCLC

DDC editorial team

Editorial Policy Committee

Dewey users around the world


• Published 200 Religion Class, introduced 200 updates in WebDewey (including 297 expansion), and deployed virtual browser

• Updated T2—48 Scandinavia and Finland

• Added 800 new Relative Index terms and 6000 LCSH mappings (thank you, summer intern Violet Fox!)

• Improved segmentation to support abridged view in WebDewey and deployed new view

• Introduced data representation solutions to support upcoming number building assistant in WebDewey

• Extended DDC linked data

Some Dewey editorial team activities

(May-September 2012)


Example 1: Abridged View in WebDewey


Segmentation in Hierarchy + Browse results


2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

dewey.info

launched with

DDC Summaries

in 11 languages

Abridged Edition 14

in 3 languages

12th language

added to DDC

Summaries in

dewey.info

DDC 23 in

dewey.info (6/12)

Table 2 (8/12)

FAST +

GeoNames

DDC 23 facets

MSC

New data format

and distribution

environment

introduced for

Dewey data

New data format

and distribution

environment

extended to

dewey.info

British Library

DNB

FAO

BnF

DDC in LOD Cloud

WorldCat in

schema.org

(6/12)

Example 2: Dewey linked data timeline


http://dewey.info/class/2--77157/about

Table 2 to GeoNames via FAST:

Columbus (Ohio) (T2—77157)

http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1205076







Columbus (Ohio) in FAST


Columbus (Ohio) in GeoNames


Example 3: MARC 21 format enhancements

DNB/LC/OCLC collaborative efforts to improve MARC

to support discovery and machine application:

• 083 Additional DDC Number

• 085 Synthesized Classification Number Components

• 883 Machine-generated Metadata Provenance


883 Machine-generated Metadata Provenance (1)

082 00 $81\p$a829/.3$223

883 1# $81\p$aautodewey$d20120407$qDLC$c1

AutoDewey is a software program developed at LC that provides

assistance in assigning Dewey numbers in those places where LCC and

DDC are similar enough to facilitate mapping from LCC to DDC


883 Machine-generated Metadata Provenance (2)

082 04 $81\p$a823.914$222$qOC0LC-D

883 0#$81\p$uhttp://classify.oclc.org/classify2/Classify

?isbn=0679442723&summary=true$d20120817

$qOCoLC-D$c0.9

Classify is an experimental classification web service developed by

OCLC Research


Classify: Machine-agent view (excerpt)


Classify: Human-agent view (excerpt)


Example 4: Machine + human assignment in

BASE digital repository


BASE record: Computed DDC +

Correct DDC function

“Correct DDC” function

“Computed” label on DDC number


Example 5: User contribution

• User contribution / number building assistant

module coming in WebDewey in November 2012

• Supports quality construction of built numbers

• Supports underlying creation of formatted data

• Puts Dewey users in the distribution framework


User contribution / number building (1)


Underlying MARC fields


DISTRIBUTION

SERVER

ESS OCLC

WebDewey

OCLC

EN

WebDewey

Swedish

mixed EN/SV

WebDewey

Italian

IT

WebDewey

German

DE

WebDewey

French

FR

WebDewey

Norwegian

NO

.

.

.

Translation

Software

German

EN/DE

Translation

Software

Italian

EN/IT

Translation

Software

French

EN/FR

Translation

Software

Arabic

EN/AR

Translation

Software

Norwegian

EN/NO

Translation

Software

Swedish

EN/SV

Linked

DDC Web

Services

Dewey distribution environment:

Users in the mix


Brainstorming





linear shelf?

Return to the big question


How the [Google] mission has evolved

Search Contextualization

. . .

Crawling Sense-making

. . .

English text All Languages

text/voice/video

John Blossom, A Fresh Look at Google: What’s New and What’s Changing, NFAIS webinar, 26 September 2012

A thought to set the stage


Some examples

• Enhancements to physical discovery

• Alternative views in virtual discovery

• Linked data

• Enhancing and mining WorldCat data

• . . . (ideas from brainstorming)


Physical discovery:

Using BISAC mappings to add context


Physical + virtual discovery:

Using translations to provide multilingual access


Virtual discovery:

Exploiting additional numbers

Leckere Suppen und Einto ̈pfe

082 04 $a 641.823 $q DE-101 $2 22/ger

083 0# $a 641.813 $q DE-101 $2 22/ger

641.823 Stews

641.813 Soups


Virtual discovery:

Exploiting facets

Das Highlander-Kochbuch

082 04 $8 1\x $a 641.594115 $q DE-101 $2 22/ger

085 ## $8 1\x $b 641.59

085 ## $8 1\x $z 2 $s 4115

641.593-.599 Cooking characteristic of specific continents,

countries, localities

T2—4115 Highland


Virtual discovery:

Alternative view of 200 Religion

• Foster collaboration and interoperability between

DDC and UDC

• Provide a framework for DDC’s 200 Religion

schedule that does not privilege a single religion

McIlwaine, Ia, and Joan S. Mitchell. 2006. The New Ecumenism: Exploration of a

DDC/UDC View of Religion. In Knowledge Organization for a Global Learning

Society: Proceedings of the 9th International ISKO Conference, 4-7 July 2006,

Vienna, Austria, edited by Gerhard Budin, Christian Swertz, and Konstantin

Mitgutsch, p. 323-330. Würzberg: Ergon.


DDC: Bible and specific religions

201.42 Prehistoric religions

220 Bible

230-280 Christianity

290 Other religions

292 Classical religion (Greek and Roman)

293 Germanic religion

294 Religions of Indic origin

295 Zoroastrianism

296 Judaism

297 Islam, Babism, Bahai Faith

299 Religions not provided for elsewhere


Class 2 in UDC

2 Religion. Theology

21 Prehistoric religions

22 Religions of Far East origin

23 Religions originating in Indian subcontinent

24 Buddhism

25 Religions of antiquity. Minor cults and religions

26 Judaism

27 Christianity

28 Islam

29 Modern spiritual movements


220-290 Bible and specific religions:

Virtual browser

http://www.oclc.org/dewey/versions/religion/religion.htm

http://www.oclc.org/dewey/versions/religion/religion.htm


Linked data: Caption service (1)


Linked data: Caption service (2)


Exploiting A15 and DDC 23 +

Linked caption service (1)

Use brief number from Abridged Edition 15 for shelving:

616.99 (Tumors and miscellaneous communicable diseases)

Store specific DDC 23 numbers in records, e.g.,

616.99/4

616.99/41

616.99/412

616.99/418

616.99/419

Then deliver captions from dewey.info and subarrange virtually:


Exploiting A15 and DDC 23 +

Linked caption service (2)


Linked data: Exploiting the links for virtual

discovery

http://sws.geonames.org/4509177/



dewey.info data.nytimes.com


If DDC and NYT are linked to the

same geographic entity in GeoNames, then

GeoNames


http://data.nytimes.com/N2179016634514166281











dewey.info data.nytimes.com


. . . a virtual link could be made between the

DDC and NYT categories, and

GeoNames















. . . our DDC-GeoNames link could then support

virtual organization and discovery




linear shelf?

Brainstorming: Your turn!


DDC 23 www.oclc.org/us/en/dewey/versions/print/

WebDewey 2.0 http://dewey.org/webdewey

Abridged Edition 15 www.oclc.org/us/en/dewey/versions/abridged/

200 Religion Class www.oclc.org/us/en/dewey/versions/religion/

dewey.info http://dewey.info

Dewey webinars & presentations www.oclc.org/us/en/dewey/news/conferences/

025.431:The Dewey blog http://ddc.typepad.com

Updates www.oclc.org/us/en/dewey/updates/ddc23/

Classify http://classify.oclc.org/classify2/

BASE http://www.base-search.net/Browse/Dewey

Questions? [email protected] (Dewey Editorial Office)

[email protected] (licensing, group purchases, LIS program)

Useful Dewey Links

http://www.oclc.org/us/en/dewey/versions/print/

http://dewey.org/webdewey

http://www.oclc.org/us/en/dewey/versions/abridged/

http://www.oclc.org/us/en/dewey/versions/religion/

http://dewey.info/

http://www.oclc.org/us/en/dewey/news/conferences/

http://ddc.typepad.com/

http://www.oclc.org/us/en/dewey/updates/ddc23/

http://classify.oclc.org/classify2/

http://www.base-search.net/Browse/Dewey



mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]


Thank you!

Joan S. Mitchell

[email protected]