About me…(very shortly)

Ivanov Michael Lead Programmer R&D,Neurotech Solutions LTD Writer for Packt Publishing.,”Away3D Cookbook” Expert in Flex/AIR, Open Source Flash 3d engines. Spare time:Unity,UnrealEngine,OpenGL,Java3D Visit my tech blog:http://blog.alladvanced.net

About you(very shortly too)

How many of you have never heard of Unity? How many of you are designers ? How many of you come from Flash/ActionScript background? How many of you programmed in Unity? What language? How many of you accomplished commercial projects with

Unity ?

Disclaimer: During this short session we will attempt to cover:

Unity engine API model Unity programming paradigm Scripting Languages Scripting practices Unity GameObject structure Examples walkthrough

Disclaimer: this lecture doesn’t cover

How to program(You should learn by yourselves) Level design(designers –sorry) Advanced programming Shaders Much more cool and important stuff because of time limitation.

P.SFor the rest of disclaimer please refer to:GNU General Public LicenseStay tuned for Unity3D workshop announcement

Unity API

Audio EngineParticle System Engine

Terrain EnginePhysics Engine

GUI SystemAnimation Engine

Network API

Shaders programming API

Unity Engine Core

C#JavaScript

Boo(Python)

ShaderLab,Cg,GLSL

Sealed

Unity GameObject Paradigm

WindZone

LightCameraRigid Body Collider

Mesh Filter

Particle Emitter

Audio Source

Custom GameObject

Camera FPSController

AudioListener

GameObject

Shader Prefab Material

Script File AnimationAssets

Customized Game Object

Components

(Resource Library)

C# vs JavaScriptUnityScript(JavaScript) MONO(C#)

Pros •20X faster than web JS•Flexible coding(no need in data types declaration, no class body explicit typing required)•Beginners friendly•Well documented in Unity docs

•C family(fast adaptation for experienced devs)•Strong typing•Robust .NET Framework(Event Model,threads,structs and more C# specific)•External IDE software availability•Piles of docs in the Web•Portability to other platforms•DLL libs support

Cons •No explicit variable types declaration required•iPhone builds are bigger than C#(additional libs added)•language specific restrictions: No multi-dimensional arrays definition, no pass values by reference into functions(needs workaround),no Char data type , no multiple interface implementation only one class or interface are allowed to be extended•Poor Even Model(custom approach is slow)

•Partial implementation of .NET(no virtual classes allowed, no namespaces, limited multi-threading, Timer..•Less documented in Unity docs

C# vs JavaScript

class MyClass extends MonoBehaviour {

    var myVar = 1;

    function Start() {        Debug.Log("hello world!");    }}  

class MyClass : MonoBehaviour {

    public int myVar = 1;

    void Start() {        Debug.Log("hello world!");    }}

Java Script C#

C# vs JavaScript

Surprisingly you can write with both of them in one project!(one way communication

only)

ScriptScriptScript

Script

Standard Assets((Compiled first

My Scripts Folder(Outside)(Compiled last)

C#JavaScript

ScriptScriptScript

Script

Typical application design model

PlayerGameObject

EnemyGameObject

WeaponPickUps

GameObjectGUI ModuleGameObject

Script ScriptScript

ScriptScript

ScriptScript

Script

(Main))(GameObject

(Entry point)Script

ScoreManager

SoundManager

LevelManager

BackEndManager

Script ScriptScriptScript

GameObject Class structure

using UnityEngine;using System.Collections;

public class MyNewBehaviour : MonoBehaviour {

public static AudioClip playingClip;//////---accessible from outside to allvoid Start () {

}

void Update () {///////// see also FixedUpdate

} void OnMouseDown(){

} void OnCollisionEnter(){

} public void SpawnEnemy(){////////-------------------your custom method

}}

Demo App

“TF2 Dancing Spy” demo

“Dancing Spy” App Structure

FPSController

SceneManager

CharacterManagerAudioManager

GUIManager

Generic Scripts

VideoManager

LightProjector

AnimatedCamera

ScriptsInit

DirectionalLight

TileManager

SpectrumReader

ProjectorTransformer

WallGenerator

Tile(dynamic add)

WallSyntezator

iTweenUtils

Spy

Monitor1

Monitor2

Monitor3

“Dancing Spy” UML

FPSControllerSceneManager

CharacterManager

AudioManager GUIManager

Generic Scripts

VideoManager

LightProjector

AnimatedCamera

DirectionalLight

TileManager

SpectrumReader

ProjectorTransformer

WallGenerator

Tile(dynamic add)

WallSyntezator

iTween

Spy

Animation

Button

Resources

MP3

MP3

Generic Scripts

iTweenMonitor1Monitor2

video

Vehicles and PhysX

Hovermobile Demo

Mesh manipulation(or how to blow thing up)

Fire Ball Demo

Common scripting concepts and operations

Time

Time.time Time.deltaTime C# System.Timers.Timer

Update() and FixedUpdate()

FixedUpdate synchronized with Physics Engine steps while Update() runs on each frame

Always use FixedUpdate() for physics!

F F F F F0.1 seconds0.0 seconds

U U U U U U U U U U

Time

Time.time Time.deltaTime C# System.Timers.Timer

Update() and FixedUpdate()

FixedUpdate synchronized with Physics Engine steps while Update() runs on each frame

Always use FixedUpdate() for physics!

F F F F F0.1 seconds0.0 seconds

U U U U U U U U U U

Accessing Objects

TileManager tlm = tile.GetComponent<TileManager> ();

void locateAndAssignCams(){camFPS=GameObject.Find("Main Camera");camAnim=GameObject.Find("AnimatedCam");

}

Public variables reference.(Set via component interface)•GetComponent:

•Find() ,FindObjectOfType(),FindObjectsOfType()Light light = FindObjectOfType(typeof(Light));

if(AudioManager.spectrumData!=null&&AudioManager.spectrumData.Length>0){currentSpectrum=AudioManager.spectrumData;

}

Direct access via static members

Dynamic creation/instantiation

AudioClip aclip=(AudioClip)Resources.Load("Sounds/gagaSong");

_audioSource.clip=aclip;playingClip=aclip;_audioSource.Play();

Create object in runtime:

Instantiate PrefabGameObject tile = (GameObject)Instantiate (tilePF, Vector3.zero, Quaternion.identity);

void Start () {_light=new GameObject("Light1");_light.AddComponent<Light>();_light.light.type=LightType.Point;_light.light.range=400;_light.light.color=Color.red;_light.transform.Translate(new

Vector3(1000,200,1000)); }

Dynamic resource assets loading

Math (Shortest Math primer ever)

What are these matrices and vectors anyways?Core Classes: Mathf .(Also C# System.Math ) Matrix4x4 Vector2/3/4 Quaternion –all Rotations are Quaternion based

Unity Physics

“In Physics Land talk Physics”

Unity Physics

Core Classes:•Physics- Global physics properties and helper methods.•RigidBody-contains all essential physics methods and properties for a body

Unity Physics

AddTorque()

RigidBody

SpaceCraftGameObject

gravity

AddForce)(

Collid

ers

AddForceAtPosition()

Components attachment

Self attachment

_audioSource=gameObject.AddComponent<AudioSource>();

Indirect attachment

GameObject tile = (GameObject)Instantiate (tilePF, Vector3.zero, Quaternion.identity);

AudioSource audioSource=tile.AddComponent<AudioSource>();//adding audio source component to the tile and accessing it at the same time//

Yield & Coroutines

YieldEnsures that the function will continue from the line after the yield

statement next time it is calledCan’t be used inside “Time” methods like Update(),FixedUpdate()

CoroutineSuspends its execution until given Yield instruction finishes.Requires a method to be IEnumerator

Yield & Coroutines

IEnumerator Start (){print ("first");yield return new WaitForSeconds(2f);print ("2 seconds later");

}

Yield

Yield & Coroutines

using UnityEngine;using System.Collections;public class StupidLoop : MonoBehaviour {private bool buttonPressed= false;

void Update (){ if(!buttonPressed) {

if(Input.GetButtonDown("Jump")){ StartGame();}

}print("looping...");}

void StartGame(){

buttonPressed= true;print("Game Started");

}

}

No Yield & Coroutines scenario(Ugly one)

Yield & Coroutines

void Start(){StartCoroutine(WaitForKeyPress("Jump"));

}public IEnumerator WaitForKeyPress(string _button){

while(!buttonPresed){ if(Input.GetButtonDown (_button)) {

StartGame(); yield break; }

print("Awaiting key input.");yield return 0;}

}

private void StartGame(){buttonPressed= true;print("Starting the game officially!");}

}

Simple example

Yield & Coroutines

void Start () { glEffect=GameObject.Find("Main

Camera").GetComponent<GlowEffect>();StartCoroutine("explodeCounter");

}IEnumerator explodeCounter(){

onTimerElaps();if(amount<15){

yield return new WaitForSeconds(0.01F);}else{

Mesh myMesh = GetComponent<MeshFilter>().mesh;GameObject.Destroy(myMesh);yield break;

}

StartCoroutine("explodeCounter");

}void onTimerElaps(){

amount+=Mathf.Sin(Time.time)/5;glEffect.glowIntensity=amount/2;ExplodeMesh(amount);

}

Practical example

Yield & Coroutines

IEnumerator Start () { yield return StartCoroutine(MyWaitFunction (4.0f)); print ("4 seconds passed"); yield return StartCoroutine(MyWaitFunction (5.0f)); print ("9 seconds passed"); }

IEnumerator MyWaitFunction (float delay) { float timer = Time.time + delay; while (Time.time < timer) {

Debug.Log(Time.time); yield return true; } }

Sequential Coroutines calls

Unity Event Model & alternatives

Unity built-in event system SendMessage()- Calls the method on every MonoBehaviour in this

game object. BroadcastMessage()- Calls the method on every MonoBehaviour

in this game object or any of its children.Downside:Need to target methods by their name (Errors prone)Work only within the object's transform hierarchy

Controller Class registers all the classes to be notified of changes via reference

Downside :Flexibility & ScalabilityNightmare for big projects

C# Events Model

Dispatcher classpublic class EventSender : MonoBehaviour { public delegate void GameObjectPressHandler(GameObject e); public event GameObjectPressHandler OnGameObjectPress; private void DispatchPressEvent () {    if (OnGameObjectPress != null){        OnGameObjectPress (this.gameObject);//event has been fired! } }}

public GameObject gm;

EventSender myEventSender=gm.getComponent<EventSender>();myEventSender.OnGameObjectPress+=new GameObjectPressHandler(onGMPress);Private void onGMPress(GameObjject gm){ print(gm+”was has been!”);}

Listener Class

Unity3D

Thank you and good luck!