united states wind turbine database · outline of the presentation 1. project background 2....
TRANSCRIPT
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The preparation of the USWTDB was funded, in part, by the Wind Energy Technologies Office of the U.S. Department of
Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
Release WebinarApril 23rd, 2018
Ben Hoen & Joe Rand Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryJames Diffendorfer, Louisa Kramer & Chris Garrity United States Geological Survey
Hannah Hunt American Wind Energy Association
United States Wind Turbine Database
Please Note:• All participants will be
muted during the webinar• Please submit questions via
the chat window
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Meet The USWTDB Team
2
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Ben Hoen
Joe Rand
United States Geological Survey
Jay Diffendorfer
Louisa Kramer
Chris Garrity American Wind Energy Association
Hannah Hunt
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Meet The USWTDB Team & Today’s Speakers
3
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Ben Hoen
Joe Rand
United States Geological Survey
Jay Diffendorfer
Louisa Kramer
Chris Garrity American Wind Energy Association
Hannah Hunt
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Outline Of The Presentation
1. Project Background2. Database Management3. Visual Verification4. Website and Viewer Demo
4
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5
Wind Turbine Radar Interference Mitigation Working Group (WTRIM) Was Established2014
A Consortium Of Federal Agencies To Address Wind Turbine Interference With Radar
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Two Public Datasets Were Available From The FAA2014
Digital Obstacle File (DOF)
Obstruction Evaluation/Airport
Airspace Analysis (i.e., “Study”) Files
(OE/AAA)
#2
#1
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Three Other Datasets Existed That Added Key Information To FAA Data…
7
2014
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…But They Were Either No Longer Being Updated Or Privately Held
8
2014
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WTRIM Used FAA & USGS Files With Other .Gov Data To Conduct Radar Operational Impact Assessments2014
OE/AAA& DOF
+
+Other .gov Sources
Source: UT Austin
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There Were Problems With The WTRIM Data Collection And Maintenance That Needed To Be Resolved2014
OE/AAA& DOF
+
+Other .gov Sources
Problems:1. Overlapping datasets had unresolved duplicates2. Limited information on turbine characteristics3. Limited geo-rectifying 4. No decommissioned turbine screening5. No option for public release of the data6. Not inclusive of repowered & retrofitted turbines7. Limited long-term institutional support
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U.S. DOE Proposed The Idea Of A Collaborative Dataset Between LBNL, USGS And AWEA
11
Wind Energy Technologies OfficeOffice Of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy
2015
?
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12
+
Negotiations Began On A Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA)2016
+
U.S. Wind Turbine
Database(USWTDB)
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13
+
The CRADA Was Signed By All Parties!2017
+
U.S. Wind Turbine
Database(USWTDB)
RolesOverall Project &
Database Management
Visual Verification & Portal Design
Characteristics Sourcing& Initial Locational
Assessment
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Building The USWTDB Began
14
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4Q1 Dataset
UpdatedOE/AAA & DOF
2017
OE/AAA& DOF
+
+
+Q2 Dataset
UpdatedOE/AAA & DOF
+
+
Q3 Dataset
UpdatedOE/AAA & DOF
+
+Updated AWEA
+Manual Duplicate
Removal
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Building The USWTDB Continues
15
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4Q1 USWTDB
UpdatedOE/AAA & DOF
2017
OE/AAA& DOF
+
+
+Q2 Dataset
UpdatedOE/AAA & DOF
+
+
Q3 Dataset
UpdatedOE/AAA & DOF
+
+Updated AWEA
+Manual Duplicate
Removal
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Building The USWTDB Continues
16
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4Q1 USWTDB
UpdatedOE/AAA & DOF
2017
OE/AAA& DOF
+
+
+Q2 USWTDB
UpdatedOE/AAA & DOF
+
+
Q3 Dataset
UpdatedOE/AAA & DOF
+
+Updated AWEA
+Manual Duplicate
Removal
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Building The USWTDB Continues
17
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4Q1 USWTDB
UpdatedOE/AAA & DOF
2017
OE/AAA& DOF
+
+
+Q2 USWTDB
UpdatedOE/AAA & DOF
+
+
Q3 USWTDB
UpdatedOE/AAA & DOF
+
+Updated AWEA
+Manual Duplicate
Removal
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Building The USWTDB Continues
18
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4Q1 USWTDB
UpdatedOE/AAA & DOF
2017
OE/AAA& DOF
+
+
+Q2 USWTDB
UpdatedOE/AAA & DOF
+
+
Q3 USWTDB
UpdatedOE/AAA & DOF
+
+Updated AWEA
+Manual Duplicate
RemovalWTRIM Served As An Advisor
During This Process
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Outline Of The Presentation
1. Project Background2. Database Management3. Visual Verification4. Website and Viewer Demo
19
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Database Management: Five Main Sources of Data
1. USGS Dataset (March 2014)
2. LBNL Dataset (March 2017)
3. FAA Digital Obstacle File (DOF) (Jan 2, 2018)
4. FAA Obstacle Evaluation / Airport Airspace Analysis (OE/AAA) (Jan 6, 2018)
5. AWEA Q4-2017 Database (Jan 26, 2018)
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Data Sources Were Merged (i.e., Matched) Using Two Methods:
1. Merging tables using unique IDs shared between two datasets (inner join)
21
Table 1 Table 2
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2. Merging datasets by matching XY locations and turbine attributes (geospatial matching)
Data Sources Were Merged (i.e., Matched) Using Two Methods:
1. Merging tables using unique IDs shared between two datasets (inner join)
22
Table 1 Table 2
• USGS/LBNL data point
• AWEA data point
• FAA DOF data point
Geospatial matching is conducted using Stata’s “geonear” function (Picard), which uses distance between two x/y coordinates using the Haversine equation on a reference ellipsoid (Vincenty, 1975)
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Started With USGS Dataset
23
USGS 03/2014
48,956 turbines
Data Sources:1. USGS Dataset
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Joining LBNL and USGS Datasets
24
LBNL 03/2017
43,827 turbines
Match datasets using FAA unique
obstacle repository system (ORS)
numberUSGS 03/2014
48,956 turbines
Data Sources:1. USGS Dataset2. LBNL Dataset
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USGS & LBNL Joined
25
USGS Only
Matched
LBNL Only
These turbines matched between
LBNL and USGS datasets
Data Sources:1. USGS Dataset2. LBNL Dataset
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Adding FAA-DOF Data
26
USGS Only
Matched
LBNL Only
FAA-DOF 01/2018
49,191 turbines
Match datasets using FAA unique
obstacle repository system (ORS)
number
OR…Geospatial match
Data Sources:1. USGS Dataset2. LBNL Dataset 3. FAA DOF
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When Not Possible To Join Datasets on ID (e.g., ORS), Geospatial Matching Was Used
27
• USGS/LBNL data point
• FAA OE/AAA data point
• FAA DOF data point
• Designed to capture only highest confidence matches– If left unmatched, two duplicate points might appear in
database– But, USGS visual verification would subsequently capture any
duplicates that were not matched
• Two types of geospatial matching criteria were used:– Type 1:
• Points were within 10 feet of each other, AND• Install years were +/- 1 year
– Type 2: • Turbines were within 50 feet, AND• Install years were equal
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USGS, LBNL, & DOF Joined
28
USGS Only
Matched
LBNL OnlyDOF Only
These turbines matched between
2 or 3 of the datasets
Data Sources:1. USGS Dataset2. LBNL Dataset 3. FAA DOF
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Adding FAA-OE/AAA Data
29
USGS Only
Matched
LBNL OnlyDOF Only
FAA-OE/AAA 01/2018
39,969 turbines
Match datasets using FAA
aeronautical study number (ASN)
Data Sources:1. USGS Dataset2. LBNL Dataset 3. FAA DOF4. FAA OE/AAA
OR…Geospatial match
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USGS, LBNL, DOF, & OE/AAA Joined
30
USGS Only
Matched
LBNL OnlyDOF Only
OE-AAA Only
These turbines matched between 2, 3, or all 4 of the
datasets
Data Sources:1. USGS Dataset2. LBNL Dataset 3. FAA DOF4. FAA OE/AAA
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Adding AWEA Data
Data Sources:1. USGS Dataset2. LBNL Dataset 3. FAA DOF4. FAA OE/AAA5. AWEA Q4-2017 Dataset
31
USGS Only
Matched
LBNL OnlyDOF Only
OE-AAA Only
AWEA 01/2018
55,579 turbines
Geospatial match
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AWEA Data Have No ID To Match To Other Datasets; Geospatial Matching Was Used
32
• USGS/LBNL data point
• AWEA data point
• FAA DOF data point
• Designed to capture only highest confidence matches– If left unmatched, two duplicate points might appear in
database– But, USGS visual verification would subsequently capture
any duplicates that were not matched
• Two types of matching criteria were used:– Type 1:
• Turbines were within 100 feet of each other, AND • Hub height, rotor diameter, and install year were equal
– Type 2: • Turbines were within 10 feet of each other, AND • Install years were within one year
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Interim Fully-Merged Database to USGS for Visual Verification; Returned to LBNL to Remove Duplicates & Decommissioned
33
USGS Only
Matched
LBNL OnlyDOF Only
OE-AAA OnlyAWEA Only
To USGS To LBNL
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Interim Fully-Merged Database to USGS for Visual Verification; Returned to LBNL to Remove Duplicates & Decommissioned*
34
USGS Only
Matched
LBNL OnlyDOF Only
OE-AAA OnlyAWEA Only
USGS Visual Verification:- Identify duplicate points- Identify decommissioned turbines- Update XY coordinates (if needed)
To USGS To LBNL
*Note: 5,897 turbines were marked as decommissioned
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Interim Fully-Merged Database to USGS for Visual Verification; Returned to LBNL to Remove Duplicates & Decommissioned*
35
USGS Only
Matched
LBNL OnlyDOF Only
OE-AAA OnlyAWEA Only
USGS Only
Matched
DOF Only
Duplicates & Decommissioned
To USGS To LBNLUSGS Visual Verification:- Identify duplicate points- Identify decommissioned turbines- Update XY coordinates (if needed)
*Note: 5,897 turbines were marked as decommissioned
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Final Database After Merging 5 Sources and Removing Duplicates & Decommissioned Turbines:
36
USGS Only
Matched
30
52,751
4,855
DOF Only
5-Source Matches 32,139 4-Source Matches 10,670 3-Source Matches 4,982 2-Source Matches 4,960OE/AAA Only -DOF Only 30LBNL Only -USGS Only 4,855AWEA Only -Total Turbines: 57,636
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Key Turbine Attributes (and their sources)
37
Attribute LBNL / AWEA / USGS
FAA DOF / OE/AAA
X/Y coordinates ● ●
Online/install year ● ●
Total height (m) ● ●
Hub height (m) ●
Rotor diameter (m) ●
Rated capacity (kW) ●
Manufacturer ●
Model ●
Project name ●
Total height
Hub height
Rotor diameter
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Key Turbine Attributes Are Well Populated In USWTDB
38
Attribute # of Turbines Populated
% of Database Populated
Minimum Median Maximum
X/Y coordinates 57,636 100% n/a n/a n/a
Online/install year 57,523 99% 1981 2009 2018
Total height (m) 52,334 91% 9.1 123.1 181.1
Hub height (m) 51,431 89% 18.2 80 116.5
Rotor diameter (m) 52,499 91% 11 87 150
Rated capacity (kW) 54,595 95% 40 1650 6000
Manufacturer 54,413 94% n/a n/a n/a
Model 53,541 93% n/a n/a n/a
Over 87% of turbines in the USWTDB have data populated for ALL of these key attributes.
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For More Details, See Release Memo & Codebook
39
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For More Details, See Release Memo & Codebook
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For More Details, See Release Memo & Codebook
41
Memo
Codebook
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Outline Of The Presentation
1. Project Background2. Database Management3. Visual Verification4. Website and Viewer Demo
42
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Visual Verification
Visual Verification TypesAlready Completed MovedAdded Removed
• Duplicates or Extra Data Points • Not a turbine• Small (less than 65 kW and blade size less than 30 meters)• Dismantled
Imagery Types and Access
Confidence of Location
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Already Completed – Visually Checked In Previous USGS Data
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Digital Globe
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Moved
45
Digital Globe
114 meters
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Distance Moved Summary Statistics
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Added
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Adds
Digital Globe
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Extra Points Removed
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Quarter Number of Extras Removed
Q2-2017 730
Q3-2017 3,100
Q4-2017 2,861
Q1-2018 4,716
Total 11,407Digital Globe
Extra Point
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Removed – Mismarked and Residential
Data that were not a wind turbine such as water pump with a small windmill.
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Turbines that are smaller than 65 kW and blade size less than 30 meters.
Digital Globe Google EarthGoogle Earth
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Removed - Dismantled
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118°14'18.925"W 35°12'29.857"N, California
Digital Globe
Dismantled and Removed
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Imagery Types
1. Bing Maps Aerial - ESRI ArcMap Base maps, available from ESRI ArcMap
2. Google Earth - Available from Google3. NAIP - National Agriculture Imagery Program County Mosaics from
https://datagateway.nrcs.usda.gov/4. USGS EDC SDDS - SGS Seamless Data Distribution System (SDDS )
orthoimagery from internal USGS EROS Data Center Servers5. Digital Globe - Digital Globe EV WebHosting Imagery from
evwhs.digitalglobe.com
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Location Confidence
Location Confidence t_conf_loc
Definition
0 Not been visually verified (yet).
1 Turbine was not seen on image.
2 Turbine was in partial construction, image shows developed pad with base and/or turbine parts on ground.
3 Turbine clearly seen.
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Confidence = 2 And Confidence = 3
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Digital Globe
101°1'4.506"W 32°54'20.779"N in Texas
Confidence = 3 Full Confidence
Confidence = 2 Blades Assembled On Ground
Digital Globe
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Confidence = 2
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Confidence = 2Parts on ground
84°58'13.888"W 40°17'54.855"N Indiana
Digital Globe
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Confidence = 1 (Digital Globe)
(83°24'13.358"W 43°39'49.307"N) in Michigan. 9/3/2016 DG Image Date. 2/15/18 Access Date
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Confidence = 1 Nothing Visible
Digital Globe
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Confidence = 1 (Google Earth)
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(83°24'13.358"W 43°39'49.307"N) in Michigan. 6/23/2016 GE Image Date. 4/17/18 Access Date
Confidence = 1Nothing Visible
Google Earth
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Confidence = 3
(83°24'13.358"W 43°39'49.307"N) in Michigan. 3/24/2018 DG Image Date. 4/17/18 Access Date In General, Cloud Cover (depending on coverage) is not available to the general population.
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Digital Globe
Digital Globe
Confidence = 3Full Confidence
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Location Confidence - April 2018 Status
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Location Confidence t_conf_loc
Definition Status April 2018
Number Percent
0 Not been visually verified (yet). NONE 0%
1 Turbine was not seen on image. 920 1%
2 Turbine was in partial construction, image shows developed pad with base and/or turbine parts on ground.
1159 2%
3 Turbine clearly seen. 55,557 96%
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Visual Verification - April 2018 Status
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USWTDB has 57,636 turbines (April 2018 release)
All of them looked at by a human!
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Outline Of The Presentation
1. Project Background2. Database Management3. Visual Verification4. Website and Viewer Demo
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Questions?
Link to USWTDB: https://eerscmap.usgs.gov/uswtdb
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Contact info:Ben Hoen: [email protected] Rand: [email protected]
Jay Diffendorfer: [email protected] Kramer: [email protected] Garrity: [email protected] Hunt: [email protected]
Email the USWTDB Team at: [email protected]