united states history standard 15: analyze the origins and impact of u.s. involvement in world war i...
TRANSCRIPT
United States History Standard 15:
• Analyze the origins and impact of U.S. involvement in World War I–Describe the movement from U.S. neutrality to
engagement in World War I, with reference to unrestricted submarine warfare– Explain the domestic impact of World War I and
the Great Migration
World War I• World War I began among European
nations in 1914 because of:–Militaries—everyone expanded their
armies & navies so no one would mess with them–Alliances—countries signed treaties
to help each other –Imperialism—industrial nations
competed for the same colonies–Nationalism—Some people wanted
to form new countries
Outbreak of World War IOn June 28, 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by members of
a Serbian terrorist group; this led to the outbreak of WWI
Europe before the warEurope during the war
The Western Front
The Eastern Front
WW1 is a two-front war because Germany has to fight the Allies on both sides
The Allied Powers
The Central Powers
New, industrial weapons made this an unexpectedly deadly war which neither side seemed able to win
Both the Allies & Central Powers used total war by converting industrial factories to make war supplies, drafted men to fight, used propaganda, & rationed
necessary goods in order to win
The USA enters WWI• When war was declared in Europe in
1914, President Wilson declared American neutrality; But the USA joined the war in 1917 due to:–German unrestricted submarine
warfare & violation of free trade –Zimmerman Telegram to Mexico–Wilson hoped to “make the world
safe for democracy” • The USA provided badly needed troops
& supplies to the Allies
Germany used “u-boats” to blockade England; sank many American ships
“The Flag of Liberty represents us all”Which groups are these posters targeting? “Emotional” Wartime Propaganda
A Bureaucratic War• To coordinate the war effort, 5,000 new gov’t
agencies were created– War Industries Board (WIB) oversaw all factories,
decided priorities, & fixed prices– Food Admin supplied food to soldiers by appealing
to civilians – Fuel Admin rationed coal & oil– RR Admin, War Shipping Board, & War Trade Board
helped move resources to troops
Imposed “gasless” days & shut down factories for days to divert or conserve fuel
Asked for a spirit of self-sacrifice, imposed “meatless” & “wheatless” days & encouraged
Americans to plant “victory gardens”
New bureaucracies were created to mobilize America for participation in World War 1
Workers in the War• Because America needed more
workers, women were able to better-paying jobs & many Southern blacks moved north for industrial jobs
How was WW1 a “world war”?