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The primary learning outcomes desirable from this lesson are as follows:

Become knowledgeable concerning the various types of vehicle insurance and their functionsLearn how a variety of factors contribute to higher or lower insurance ratesUnderstand the correct procedures if involved in a collisionRealize that there are post-collision considerations even days after the incident Unit: Vehicle Maintenance

Vehicle MaintenanceThis lesson will focus upon things the average person, with a little knowledge and desire, can do to help maintain their car in good operating condition.

There are many things that you can do to keep your car in good condition, but there are some things that need to be left to mechanics.

Checking Tire PressureVehicle Maintenance

It is also a very convenient way to check your tire pressure.Some newer cars will alert you when your tire pressure is low by displaying it on the dash board.

Power SystemsIgnition/Electrical SystemInvolved in the ignition process and provides electrical power needed to operate a vehicle.

Lubrication SystemThe use of oil, grease, and other substances to reduce damage to moving parts from heat caused by friction.

Cooling SystemsProvides additional cooling and source of heat for your vehicles interior in cold weather.

Emission SystemTakes the exhaust created by burning fuel and forces it through the exhaust system to outside of the vehicle. What You Can Do Check your tire pressureRotate your tiresCheck and change your oilCheck and fill various fluid levelsReplace air filter, fusesChanging bulbs and lightsChange a flat tire, jump start a car

Vehicle Maintenance

Checking Tire Pressure(check at every fuel fill up)To check your tire pressure first unscrew the air cap off of the tire rim.Then use a pressure gauge to check your tire pressure and compare it to the sticker on the inside of the door.If your tire pressure is low, you should add air to your tire as recommended.

Vehicle Maintenance

Whatdo youknowabout checkingtirepressure?Tire Rotation(usually about every 5000 miles)Tire rotation will allow your tires to last much longer.Refer to your vehicles users manual for the proper tire rotation patterns and for how often they should be rotated.

Vehicle Maintenance

For you to do this job youll need these . . .Whatdo youknowabout tirerotation?Checking Your OilTo check your oil, first pop the hoodFind your dipstick, pull it out and wipe it off with a rag.Reinsert it. Then pull it back out and check the level of oil on the dipstick.Add oil if you are 1 quart or more down from full

Vehicle MaintenanceWhatdo youknowabout checkingyouroil?Adding oilFirst locate the oil fill cap under the hood.Remove the oil fill cap.Add the proper type of oil according to the owners manual for your car. (an oil funnel will keep drips to a minimum)

Vehicle MaintenanceHow often should you change the oil?When To Change Your Oil

About every 3,000 - 5,000 miles or 3 monthsSee owners manual for specificsVehicle Maintenance11Checking Brake Fluid

Vehicle MaintenanceWhatdo youknowabout checkingthe brake fluid?What are warnings of bad brakes?Bad Brakes warningIf your brake warning light is on and your parking brake is not set then you may have a problem with your braking systemIf you notice a squealing noise when braking it could mean your brake pads are worn and need replacing.

Vehicle MaintenanceChecking Windshield Washer Fluid

Vehicle MaintenanceWhat is theusualcolor ofwindshieldwasher fluid?Engine TemperatureYou should frequently check your temperature gauge while driving.

Vehicle MaintenanceIf your car begins to overheat, especially in hot weather you should turn on the heater and fan on high; if the engine temperature does not soon lower you should pull over and let your car cool down.Gauge reads hotEngine TemperatureVehicle Maintenance

After the engine has safely cooled down (it may be an hour) remove the radiator cap.If the fluid level is low add a 50/50 mix of anti-freeze and water.Know your fluidsIf you notice fluids under your car where it is normally parked, than you most likely have a leak which needs to be professionally checked out.

Vehicle MaintenanceMotor oil: checkunder engineTransmission fluid: check under carback part of engineCoolant: check water pump, radiator or hosePower steering fluid: check systemWater: usually condensationChanging air filterVehicle MaintenanceAir filters come in various shapes and sizes. It is recommended that they be changed about every 30,000 miles (more frequently in dusty conditions)

Its usually a simple procedure of removing of a wing nut or some screws

Whatdo youknowabout changing an air filter?Things better left to professionals(unless youve had special training and have access to the proper equipment)Vehicle MaintenanceMajor tune-ups: often require technical equipmentEngine problems: noises, fluid leaks; odors, broken belts, hoses, vibrationsTransmission problemsRotating tiresBrake jobsRadiator flushingAir conditioningExhaust / steering systemMost electrical problems

Other considerationsEmissions TestingSince cars are the largest cause of carbon monoxide pollution and smog, they need to be tested to pass emissions tests to keep our air clean.

Whatdo youknowabout EmissionsTesting?

Your tire blows out What do you do?In Motion magazine, a General Motors publication

Pull off the road so that you are safely out of the flow of traffic Try to stop on a straight part of the road, (onto the shoulder) so that passing traffic can see you from a distance Turn on your hazard flashers

Other considerationsChanging a tire

Jack lug wrenchSpare tire

Safety Note: A car can slip off of a jack, so never put yourself in a position where the car could fall on you.Other considerationsChanging a tire

Whattools are needed to change a tire? 1. Shift to ParkSet the parking brake

Other considerationsChanging a tire 2. Block the wheel that is diagonally opposite the flat tire. Use a block of wood or a large rock to firmly secure the wheel.

3. Take out spare tire, jack, and lug wrench. (they may be in the truck consult owners manual for exact location)

Other considerationsChanging a tire Position jack under the car according to instructions.

4. Jack up the car high enough so the flat tire still touches the ground.

5. Remove the wheel cover or hubcap and loosen the lug nuts.

Other considerationsChanging a tire

Some cars do not have hubcaps...consult your owners manual for proper instructions in removing the tire

Other considerationsChanging a tire 6. Jack up the car until the flat tire completely clears the ground.

Use the lug wrench to completely remove the nuts and place them in the wheel cover.

Sometimes the lug nuts are tight and difficult to loosen If you can't loosen them, try putting some of your weight on the lug wrench to loosen them

You will want the flat tire about 6 inches off the ground because the spare tire is fully inflated and will require more ground clearance

7. Removing the wheel Its easiest to grab the tire at the 9 and 3 oclock positions

Other considerationsChanging a tire

- Pull the wheel straight toward you, and off the car

8. Position the spare tire directly in front of the wheel well Lift the spare tire and position it on the threaded bolts Push the tire onto the car until it cannot go any farther Replace the lug nuts on the bolts and tighten them, but not too tight...just enough to hold the tire in place while you lower the car

Other considerationsChanging a tire

Putting sparetire on10. Lower the car with the jack until the car is again resting on all four tires Alternately tighten the lug nuts

Other considerationsChanging a tire

Lower the car with the jack until the car is again resting on all four tires Alternately tighten the lug nuts

Other considerationsChanging a tire

Safety Note: Do not use smaller spare tire for more than 50 miles.4321Lower the car and put on the wheel cover