unit | three road signs and commuting. unit | three unit goals: what you should learn to do 1. ask...


Unit Goals:Unit Goals:

What You Should Learn to DoWhat You Should Learn to Do

1. Ask where a particular place is:

in a city

within a building

2. Show directions

3. Talk about means of transport to take

4. Understand and write road and office signs

What You Should Know AboutWhat You Should Know About

1. Different feelings about traveling

2. Forming of plural nouns


ContentsContents

Section ⅤSection Ⅴ

Appreciating Appreciating Culture TipsCulture Tips

Section Ⅳ

Maintaining a Maintaining a Sharp EyeSharp Eye

Section ⅠTalking Face Talking Face to Faceto Face

Section Ⅱ

Being All Being All EarsEars

Section Ⅲ

Trying Your HandTrying Your Hand


Section Talking Face to FaceⅠSection Talking Face to FaceⅠ

ImitatingImitating Mini-TalksMini-Talks Speak and Recite

Speak and Perform

Study and Imitate

Imitate and Perform

Acting out the TasksActing out the Tasks

Studying MapsStudying Maps

Following Sample DialoguesFollowing Sample Dialogues

Putting Language to UsePutting Language to UseSpeak and Complete

Speak and Communicate


1) Asking How to Get to the Railway Station A: Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the railway station? B: Sure. Go down this street and turn right at the traffic lights. A: Right at the traffic lights. B: Yes. You'll see the railway station when you get there.

2) Asking How to Get to West Avenue A: Excuse me. Do you know where West Avenue is? B: Well, you go down Market Road, pass the market, and turn left. West Avenue is the first turning on the right. A: Pass the market and turn left. First turning on the right. Thanks. B: You are welcome.

SECTION I Talking Face to FaceSECTION I Talking Face to FaceImitating Mini-TalksImitating Mini-Talks

Speak and Recite

1 Work in pairs. Practice the following mini-talks about giving directions.

Window on Key Words

交通灯，红绿灯

大街


3) Asking How to Get to the Sales Manager's Office A: Good morning. Can you tell me where the Sales Manager's office is? B: Sure. The Sales Manager's office is on the fifth floor, Room 512. A: Where is the lift, please? B: Over there. Take the lift to the fifth floor, and then turn left. It is the second room on the left.

4) Asking How to Get to the Meeting Room A: Hello, Miss. I'm looking for the meeting room. B: The meeting room is on the third floor. You can take the lift or just walk upstairs. A: When I walk out of the lift, how can I get there? B: Just go straight ahead. It's in front of you. You can't miss it.

5) Asking How to Get to the City Center A: Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the city center? B: You know the school gate, don't you? There is a bus stop there. A: Oh, yes, the bus stop is in front of the gate. B: Take Bus No. 16 or Bus No. 19, and you'll get downtown.

Window on Key Words

Back

销售部经理

电梯

在／去楼上

商业区


Speak and Perform


2 Work in pairs and act out the tasks by following the above mini-talks.

1 Task:Look at the street map in Exercise 3. Suppose you are at the bus stop at the corner of Hall Street and Wynn Street. Ask how to get to Low Street Underground Station.

2 Task:Look at the street map in Exercise 3. Suppose you are at the bus stop at the corner of Hall Street and Wynn Street. Ask how to get to the church.

3 Task:Look at the street map in Exercise 3. Suppose youare at the bus stop at the corner of Hall Streetand Wynn Street. Ask how to get to the car park.


Speak and Perform


2 Work in pairs and act out the tasks by following the above mini-talks.

4 Task:

Look at the building map in Exercise 3. Suppose you are just out

of the stairs. Ask how to get to the Marketing Department.

5 Task:

Look at the building map in Exercise 3. Suppose you are

just out of the stairs. Ask how to get to Mr. Green's office.

Back


Studying MapsStudying Maps

Study and Imitate

3 Maps are very useful for giving and understanding directions. Read the following sample maps carefully and try to use the information to practice short dialogues.


Back


Following Sample DialoguesFollowing Sample Dialogues

Imitate and Perform

1) Talking About How to Get to WorkPeter: Mark, do you live far away from the museum where you work? Mark: Yes. You know I live in an apartment on Wynn Street and the museum is on Low Street.Peter: How do you usually get to work? Mark: I usually drive my car up Hall Street and park the car behind the church. Then I walk over to the museum.Peter: Oh. Then how about the winter time when it snows? Mark: Well, in winter when it snows, I'd rather not drive. I take the underground from Wynn Street to Low Street. Then I walk across from Low Street station to the museum.Peter: That's convenient, isn't it? Mark: Yes, it is. I can take Bus No. 16, too. The bus stop is just opposite my apartment. The bus turns from Hall Street into Church Street. I get off at the corner of Church Street and Low Street and walk to the museum.

4 Read the following sample dialogues and try to perform your own tasks.


2) Asking How to Get to the Manager's Office

Bill: Excuse me, where is the manager's office?

Clerk: The manager's office? It's not on this floor. It's on the

fourth floor downstairs. You can just walk down the stairs there.

Bill: Would you please tell me how I can find his office?

Clerk: Sure. Go down the stairs to the fourth floor and turn left.

At the end of the corridor, turn left again.

Bill: Left, and left again.

Clerk: It's the second door on the right next to the meeting room.

Bill: Thank you very much.Back


Putting Language to UsePutting Language to Use

Speak and Complete

5 Sally wants to go to Beach Hotel. She is asking a stranger for directions to get there. Read aloud the following dialogue with your partner by putting in the missing words.

Sally: 1 _____________ me, can you help me? I'm going to Beach Hotel, but

I've lost 2 _____________.

Stranger: Go 3 _____________ this street until you come to West Avenue. Turn left

There and go straight ahead about four blocks. The Beach Hotel is

4 _____________ of West Avenue and Main Street.

Sally: I see. Thank you very much. 5 __________ the way, can I take a bus?

Stranger: Yes. If you go there by bus, 6 ____________ Bus No. 15 and get

7 ____________ at the third stop.

Sally: Where can I take the bus, please?

Stranger: The bus stop is over there in 8 _____________ of the supermarket.

Sally: 9 _____________ thanks. Unit | Unit | ThreeThreeUnit | Unit | ThreeThree

Back

Many

Excuse

my way

along

on the corner

By

take

off

front


Speak and Communicate

6 Ken is looking for Mr. Anderson. He meets Jane and asks her for directions. Imagine you are Jane. Tell Ken how he might find Mr. Anderson. Fill in the blanks according to the clues given in brackets. Then act it out with your partner.

Ken: Jane, where is Mr. Anderson's office?

You: 1 ( 告诉他安德森先生的办公室在顶层，电梯旁边。 )

_____________________________.

Ken: Do you think he is in?

You: No. I saw him just now on the second floor. 2 ( 说他可能在会议室。 )

_______________________________.

Ken: The conference room? Where is it?

You: 3 ( 告诉他在二楼 206 房间。 ) _______________________________.

Ken: Room 206. Thanks, Jane.

You: 4 ( 礼貌回答肯的致谢。 ) ____________________.You are welcome

It's on the top floor, next to the lift

He might be in the conference room

It is on the second floor, Room 206

Back


SECTION II Being All EarsSECTION II Being All Ears

Learning Sentences for WorkplaceLearning Sentences for Workplace CommunicationCommunication

Listen and Repeat

Listen and Match

Listen and Respond

Handling a DialogueHandling a Dialogue Listen and Decode

Understanding a Short Speech / Understanding a Short Speech / TalkTalk

Listen and Complete

Listen and Match


SECTION SECTION II Being All EarsBeing All EarsLearning Sentences for Workplace CommunicationLearning Sentences for Workplace Communication

Listen and Repeat

1 Listen to 10 sentences for workplace communication cross-referenced with their Chinese translations.

1) The Sales Department is next to 1) 销售部在人力资源部的隔壁。 the Human Resources Department.


2) The reception desk is in the middle 2) 接待前台在一楼大厅中间。 of the hall on the first floor.

3) Cross the bridge, and make a right 3) 过了桥向右拐。 turn.

5) Just pass the tall building and turn 5) 走过高楼向右拐。 to the right.

4) You need to transfer at Fuxingmen. 4) 你得在复兴门转车。


Window on Key Words

human resources 人力资源 reception

接待transfer 转乘 block 街区

6) Drive back to the traffic lights and 6) 往回开到红绿灯，然后往左拐。 turn left.

7) Can you show me the way to the 7) 请问去火车站怎么走？ railway station?

8) Walk west for two blocks and you'll 8) 往西走两个街区就到了。 be there.

9) Sorry, I'm new around here. 9) 对不起，这一带我不熟悉。

10) Take the No.19 bus and get off at 10) 坐 19路公交车，在第五站下车。 the fifth stop.

Back


Listen and Match

2 Listen to the following sentences for workplace communication in Column A and match each one with its Chinese version in Column B.

Column A Column B

5) Take the subway first, and then e. 乘电梯到六楼。 change to Bus No. 9.

2) You will take less than 5 minutes to b. 我想最好的办法是乘地铁。 get there.

4) Take the elevator to the sixth floor. d. 先坐地铁 , 然后换乘 9路公交车。

1) I think the best way is to take the a. 用不了 5分钟你就走到了。 subway.

3) Keep going until you see a white c. 向前走直到看到左边有一栋白色大楼。 building on your left.



Column A Column B

6) Sorry, I'm a stranger here myself. f. 对不起，我也是外地人。

7) The subway station is just two g. 你可以乘坐地铁二号线，在西直门下车。 blocks away.

8) Excuse me, can you tell me how to h. 化学楼在图书馆对面。 get to the computer center?

10) You can take Subway Line 2 and j. 地铁站离这里只有两个街区远。 get off at Xizhimen.

Key:

1-b, 2-a, 3-c, 4-e, 5-d, 6-f, 7-j, 8-i, 9-h, 10-g

9) The chemistry building is opposite i. 打扰了，能告诉我去计算机中心怎么走吗？ the library.

Back


Listen and Respond

3 Listen to 6 sentences for workplace communication and choose their right responses.

Back

1) A) Thank you. B) You are welcome.

C) Don't mention it. D) Sorry to hear that.

2) A) You can't miss it. B) It's only three stops away.

C) It's on your left. D) Take Bus No. 10.

3) A) Yes, but you may walk there. B) No, you can't miss it.

C) Yes, take a taxi. D) No, it's a white building.

4) A) Yes, keep going. B) No, thank you.

C) Yes, you need to turn around. D) No, it isn't.

5) A) Sorry to trouble you. B) Thank you for the information.

C) No, very close. D) Yes, here we are.

6) A) You got lost. B) You can't miss it.

C) It is easy to get downtown. D) It is opposite the bank.

ScriptScript


1. When you come out of the lift, turn left. Mr.

Smith's office is the second one on the right.

2. How far is it from here to the library?

3. Is there a bus going there?

4. Am I going in the wrong direction?

5. Is the shopping mall far from here?

6. Excuse me, where is the nearest supermarket?

Script:Script:

Back


When Bob knows that Jack and some of his friends are having a 1 meeting,

party, game at Emily's house, he says he would like to 2 join, see, miss them.

He doesn't know where Emily lives, so he is asking for 3 information,

decisions, directions . He is told that Emily's house is quite 4 close, distant,

near and it will take him about 5 five, fifteen, fifty minutes to get there. He has

to take a

left turning at the 6 traffic lights, flyover, crossroads on Main Street and then a

right turning at the 7 police station, petrol station, railway station . He has to

go down the road until he comes to a 8 fork, sign, square and turn right. About

9 one, two, three hundred meters up the right road he will see a 10 one-story,

two-story, three-story building on the right.

Handling a DialogueHandling a Dialogue

Listen and Decode

4 Listen to a dialogue and decode the message by finding out the correct choices in the brackets according to what you have heard.

ScriptScript


Jack: Hi, Bob. This is Jack. I'm at Emily Green's house, and there is a party going on. Bob: Oh, really? Can I join you?Jack: That's why I'm calling. Bob: But I don't know her address.Jack: I can tell you how to get here. It's quite close. It'll take you about fifteen minutes. Bob: OK. Please give me the directions.Jack: Take a left turn at the traffic lights on Main Street, and then a right one at the police station. Go down that road until you come to a fork. Turn right at the fork and you'll see her house about a hundred meters up the road. It's a two-story building on the right. Bob: OK. Can I bring anything?Jack: You don't have to bring anything, but if you have some friends who want to come, bring them along. Bob: Are there many people there?Jack: Oh, yes. Right now there are about ten people here and the music is great!

Script:Script:

Back


Understanding a Short Speech / TalkUnderstanding a Short Speech / Talk

Listen and Complete

5 Now listen to a short speech / talk and fill up the blanks according to what you have heard. The words in brackets will give you some hints.

Good morning, everyone. Let me tell you how to get to Tsinghua University from

1 ___________________________(where?). The easiest way is to 2 __________

(do what?). And the second way is to 3 __________ (do what?) the airport shuttle

( 穿梭往返 ) bus . You can come all the way to Zhongguancun terminal ( 终点站 ) .

From the terminal, a taxi ride costs about 4 __________ (how much?). The third

choice is to take 5 ___________________ (what?) to Dongzhimen Station. Then

6 __________ (do what?) to Line 2 to Xizhimen Station. Change again at Xizhimen

Station to 7 __________ (which line?) to Wudaokou Station. Then, you may

8 __________ (do what?) to Tsinghua University. Back

Beijing International Airport take a taxi

take

10 yuan

the airport subway

change

Line 13

walk


a. are leaving Beijing from Beijing

International Airport.

b. want to go to Tsinghua university from

the airport.

c. are interested to know more about the

traffic around Tsinghua.

d. would like to find out about sightseeing

spots in Beijing.

Listen and Match

6 Listen to the speech / talk again and complete the information in Column A with the right choices in Column B.

Column A Column B

1) This speech is probably intended for those tourists who


a. Dongzhimen Station.

b. Xizhimen Station.

c. Xidan Station.

d. Wudaokou Station.

a. Subway Line 1.

b. Subway Line 2.

c. Subway Line 13.

d. Airport subway.

a. taking a taxi.

b. taking an airport shuttle bus.

c. taking a trolley bus.

d. taking an airport subway.

Column A Column B

3) To go from Dongzhimen Station to Xizhimen Station, you should take

4) The nearest subway station to Tsinghua University is

Back

2) The speaker does not mention


SECTION III Trying Your HandSECTION III Trying Your Hand

Practicing Applied WritingPracticing Applied Writing

Write and Simulate Write and Create

Writing Sentences and Reviewing Writing Sentences and Reviewing Grammar

Write and Correct Mistakes

Write and Translate Write and Describe a Picture

Write and Apply Rules


SECTION III Trying Your HandSECTION III Trying Your Hand

Practicing Applied WritingPracticing Applied Writing

Write and Simulate

1 Read the following two samples of signs and learn to write your own.


Back


Write and Create

2 Find from the box the English equivalents to the signs given in Chinese.


Write and Create

3 Match Column A with Column B.


4 Translate the following signs into Chinese with the help of a dictionary.

Back

1) NO TRESPASSING FOR PEDESTRIANS

2) LIFT UNDER REPAIRS TAKE THE STAIRS

3) NO ADMITTANCE EXCEPT FOR OFFICIAL BUSINESS

4) CLOSED TO MOTOR VEHICLES

5) SLIPPERY ROAD PROCEED WITH CAUTION

6) ROAD CONSTRUCTION AHEAD

行人不得穿越

电梯修理，请走楼梯

非公莫入

禁止机动车辆通行

路滑慢行

前方修路


Writing Sentences and Reviewing GrammarWriting Sentences and Reviewing Grammar

Back


1) Mary is spreading __________ on her bread. (butter, butters)

2) There might be ____________ about his mistake. (much doubt, many doubts)

3) How often do you go to the __________? (movie, movies)

4) A goods train carries all kinds of things, except for __________.

(passengers, passenger)

5) Tom hadn't had _______________ before he joined the army.

(much education, many educations)

6) I forgot both of the ______________. (rooms numbers, room numbers)

7) Beijing, the Capital of China, has_______________________ now.

(a large population, large populations)

8) To their great _______, the roof of their house caught fire. (dismay, dismays)

9) They have given us a lot of valuable __________.

(information, informations)

Write and Apply Rules

5 Choose the correct answers to fill in the blanks, paying attention to the number form of the nouns given in brackets.

Backinformation

butter

much doubt

movies

passengers

much education

room numbers

a large population

dismay


Write and Correct Mistakes

6 Correct the errors in the following sentences.

1) All the news are interesting to us.

2) We all like your ideas of using the money to build a primary school.

3) If he refuses to pay, I shall take measure against him.

4) What a lovely hair you have!

5) The Johnsons have just moved into a large house and are planning to buy many newfurnitures.

6) Mary likes potato better than tomato.

7) It was such long journey that we felt very tired when we arrived.

All the news is interesting to us.

We all like your idea of using the money to build a primary school.

If he refuses to pay, I shall take measures against him.

What lovely hair you have!

The Johnsons have just moved into a large house and are planning to buy much new furniture.

Mary likes potatoes better than tomatoes.

It was such a long journey that we felt very tired when we arrived.


8) My father never gave me many advices.

9) Our school bought two pieces of equipments for the lab.

10) In modern age, electronics have been developing very fast.

11) He did too little preparations for his examination.

12) There are a book, two pencils and three notebooks on the desk.

13) Every means have been tried but without much success.

14) Ten dollars are all that I can afford to pay for the recorder.

Back

My father never gave me much advice.

Our school bought two pieces of equipment for the lab.

In modern age, electronics has been developing very fast.

He did too little preparation for his examination.

There is a book, two pencils and three notebooks on the desk.

Every means has been tried but without much success.

Ten dollars is all that I can afford to pay for the recorder.


I'll have a cup of coffee and two pieces / slices of bread.

The teacher asked us to take out one sheet / piece of paper for the quiz.

He bought two bottles of beer and three bars of chocolate.

Mathematics is the subject I feel most interested in.

Thank you for the much advice you've given me. /Thank you very much for the many suggestions you've given me.

Failure is the mother of success.

All the equipment in the factory is made in China.

Sports are good for health.

7 Translate the following sentences into English.

Write and Translate

Back

1) 我要一杯咖啡和两片面包。

2) 老师让我们拿出一张纸考试。

3) 他买了两瓶啤酒和三块巧克力。

4) 数学是我最感兴趣的课程。

5) 谢谢你给我很多建议。

6) 失败是成功之母。

7) 工厂里的所有设备都是中国制造的。

8) 体育有益健康。


Write and Describe a Picture

8 Write a short passage of about 100 words to tell a story or about an event related to the picture given below. Some useful words and phrases are provided here to help you. You may start the passage with the sentence: Signs are marks, pictures or words on a board to draw attention, give warnings or direct somebody towards some place.


Signs are marks, pictures or words on a board to draw attention, giv

e warnings or direct somebody towards some place. They are widely us

ed in public places to provide people with all kinds of useful information.

For instance, a Check In sign at an airport will lead you to the check-in c

ounter. A Way Out sign at the subway tells you where you can get out.

Wet Paint in a park warns you to keep away from a bench which is still

wet with painting. Visiting Hours at the door of an office informs you that

it is working time for the officers and clerks in this department. Of cours

e, you will be happy to see the sign “Admission Free” at the gate of an e

xhibition hall.

Key:

Back


SECTION IV Maintaining a Sharp EyeSECTION IV Maintaining a Sharp Eye

PASSAGE IPASSAGE I PASSAGE IIPASSAGE II

Information Related to Information Related to the Reading Passagethe Reading Passage

TextText

Language PointsLanguage Points

Read and Think

Read and Complete

Read and Translate

Read and Simulate

Read and Judge

Read and Translate

Information Related to Information Related to the Reading Passagethe Reading Passage

TextText



SECTION IV Maintaining a Sharp EyeSECTION IV Maintaining a Sharp Eye

Information Related to the Reading PassageInformation Related to the Reading Passage

America is a nation on wheels. Americans use their cars even for very

short distances such as going to the neighborhood store to buy some

groceries. The average household owns two cars, trucks or sport vehicles

and one in four owns three or more.

Ninety percent of Americans drive to get where they need to go, reporting

an average of 87 minutes a day behind the wheel. For car commuters, it's an

average of 100 minutes. Cities like Atlanta, San Bernardino and Riverside,

Calif., have difficult commutes as the result of city sprawl. In Atlanta, 12.7%

of commuters spend more than an hour getting to work, and in the “Inland

Empire”, which includes San Bernardino and Riverside, 15% of commuters

take more than an hour to get to the office.


Back

About a third can be classified as aggressive drivers. Six in ten

concede they sometimes go well over the speed limit. Sixty-two

percent occasionally get frustrated behind the wheel, more than four in

ten get angry and two in ten sometimes boil into road rage. And

nothing fuels driver anger like getting stuck in a traffic jam.

Anyway, the road still offers more freedom than frustration. Three

quarters of Americans say driving often gives them a sense of

independence, and nearly half say it's often relaxing. Four in ten love

their cars — not just like them, but love them.


PASSAGE IPASSAGE I

Funny Road Signs from Around the World!Funny Road Signs from Around the World!

Most road signs you come across are straightforward. They tell you what to

do, which direction to go in, where you are, etc., but occasionally (and usually

unintentionally), road signs can be funny!

Taking pictures of funny road signs while traveling is a favorite pastime for

many travelers. We've all come across these gems: a miswritten translation; an

unusual warning; or an illustration that just doesn't seem right. It might be an

official highway sign or something written on a shop window. All are perfect for

adding to your travel photo album and sharing with friends. And oftentimes,

photographic evidence of such a sign not only makes a great souvenir, but also

serves as proof for doubtful folks back home.

1

2


Here're a few funny road signs found from various parts of the world — they're all real road signs. I hope you enjoy them and please feel free to add your own captions to the pictures. It seems that this is a real possibility around Ireland's Dingle Peninsula. After all, the authorities put up a warning sign, picturing a car flying headfirst into the sea. And that sign, pictured against an actual cliff in the background, makes a great travel photo.

4

Exercises

Back

3

beware



1 Explanation of Difficult Sentences

1. (Para. 2) Taking pictures of funny road signs while traveling is a favorite pastime

for many travelers.

Analysis: The gerund phrase beginning with taking is the subject of the sentence,

in which while travelling (= while they are travelling) serves as the time

adverbial of the verb taking.

Translation: 旅行过程中拍一些滑稽有趣的路牌对很多旅行者来说都是一大消遣乐事。

Example: Looking elsewhere while talking to customers is not considered good

manners.Back




2. (Para. 2) All are perfect for adding to your travel photo album and sharing with friends.

Analysis: For is a preposition, which takes two gerund phrases (adding, sharing)

as its object.

Translation: 这些都完全适合添加进你的旅行相册中与朋友分享。

Example: The song is perfect for singing in the New Year celebration.

Back


3. (Para. 4) After all, the authorities put up a warning sign, picturing a car flying headfirst into the sea. Analysis: The noun sign has a present particle phrase as its post-modifier (picturing=which pictured) and the noun car also has a present particle phrase as its post-modifier (flying=that was flying).

Translation: 毕竟，有关部门竖立了一块警示牌，上面画的是一辆轿车头朝下飞入大海。

Example: The artist showed us his new oil painting, depicting a pretty girl dancing

in the garden.



Back


4. (Para. 4) And that sign, pictured against an actual cliff in the background, makes a great travel photo.

Analysis: The noun sign has a past particle phrase as its post-modifier (pictured = that is pictured). The verb make here acts as a linking verb, which means have the qualities for a purpose.

Translation: 衬托着背景中的真实山崖拍摄的这块路牌，构成了一幅绝佳的旅行照片。

Example: The church, situated in the beautiful mountainous area, makes an ideal

place for a wedding reception.



Back



2 Important Words

1. straightforward

a. simple to understand; honest and open 直白易懂的；坦率的

e.g.

♫ People who are too straightforward in speaking may easily

offend others.

♫ He was enthusiastic, intelligent and straightforward.

1. straightforward

a. simple to understand; honest and open 直白易懂的；坦率的

e.g.

♫ People who are too straightforward in speaking may easily

offend others.

♫ He was enthusiastic, intelligent and straightforward.

Back



2 Important Words

2. occasionally

ad. now and then 有时，偶尔

e.g.

♫ Occasionally the machine goes wrong without any apparent

cause.

♫ Everyone wanted a place where they could be left alone

occasionally.

2. occasionally

ad. now and then 有时，偶尔

e.g.

♫ Occasionally the machine goes wrong without any apparent

cause.

♫ Everyone wanted a place where they could be left alone

occasionally.

Back



2 Important Words

3. official

a. connected with those in power 官方的；当局的；正式的

e.g.

♫ The news is almost certainly true although it is not official.

♫ The President of the United States will make an official visit

to this country.

3. official

a. connected with those in power 官方的；当局的；正式的

e.g.

♫ The news is almost certainly true although it is not official.

♫ The President of the United States will make an official visit

to this country.

Back



2 Important Words

4. evidence

n. one or more reasons for believing something is true or untrue

证据；证词

e.g.

♫ There is evidence that college exam cheating is on the rise.

♫ A video tape was presented as evidence in court.

4. evidence

n. one or more reasons for believing something is true or untrue

证据；证词

e.g.

♫ There is evidence that college exam cheating is on the rise.

♫ A video tape was presented as evidence in court.Back



2 Important Words

5. caption n. a brief description accompanying a picture or title of an article 图片说明；标题；字幕

e.g.

♫ The caption of a newspaper article is usually set in large type.

♫ He is interested in the captions under the pictures.

5. caption n. a brief description accompanying a picture or title of an article 图片说明；标题；字幕

e.g.

♫ The caption of a newspaper article is usually set in large type.

♫ He is interested in the captions under the pictures.

Back



2 Important Words

6. beware

v. be careful about something 注意，当心，谨防

e.g.

♫ Beware! If you have too much sweet food, you'll get fat.

♫ Beware of trains!

6. beware

v. be careful about something 注意，当心，谨防

e.g.

♫ Beware! If you have too much sweet food, you'll get fat.

♫ Beware of trains!

Back


Read and Think

1 Answer the following questions according to the passage.

1) Do you enjoy taking pictures while traveling? Why?

2) What can be a great souvenir according to the writer?

3) What can you do when other people don't believe what you say about the funny road signs?

(Open.)

A picture of funny road signs.

You can show them the pictures you have taken.


Read and Think

1 Answer the following questions according to the passage.

Back

4) What does the writer suggest readers do with the pictures they have taken?

5) What accident does the flying-car road sign imply?

6) What does the caption information overload mean?

He suggests that they add their own captions to the pictures.

A car is flying headfirst into the sea and will probably cause death and damage.

It means that too much information given on the road sign only confuses the travelers.


1) Many travelers enjoy taking pictures of funny road signs while traveling. It is

their favorite ____________.

2) You can put your road sign photos in your travel ____________ and ______

them with your friends.

3) The purpose of the flying-car sign is to warn drivers not to ____________ the

cliff.

4) This flying-car sign is an official one as it was put up by the ____________.

5) The moose-crossing sign is to warn drivers to ____________ of moose while

driving.

6) You are sure to get lost is the ____________ to the photo with a very

confusing travel map.

Read and Complete

2 Complete each of the following statements with words or phrases from the passage.

caption

pastime

(photo) album share

drive off

authorities

beware


3 Fill in the blanks with the proper words or expressions given below, changing the form if necessary.

authority put up come across beware add to official occasional pastime serve as evidence

1) When I ____________ a new word, I write it down in my notebook.

2) The computer can easily get stuck, so you must ____________ of computer

viruses.

3) The company has created a new logo to ____________ their outgoing

mails.

4) This old railway station will be rebuilt to ____________ a huge supermarket.

5) Let me see all the ____________ papers concerning the sale of the land.

serve as

come across

beware

add to

official


6) The historical ____________ in support of this conclusion is weak.

7) In that region ____________ floods do occur, though they are not very serious.

8) Chatting with friends over the Internet in the dead of night is probably my only

___________.

9) Before it got dark the campers ____________ their tent in a field.

10) The local ____________ found that the pollution in the river was serious.

3 Fill in the blanks with the proper words or expressions given below, changing the form if necessary.

Back

authority put up come across beware add to official occasional pastime serve as evidence

authorities

evidence

occasional

pastime

put up


1) 他自愿当我们队的司机。

2) 做对外贸易时我们应该注意文化差异。

3) 我们刚碰到了一位多年不见的老朋友。

4) 大卫把每幅图片都研究了两遍，又仔细地阅读了图片说明。

5) 他直率的回答给我们留下了很深的印象。

6) 你能提供证据来证明他当时不在犯罪现场吗？

Read and Translate

4 Translate the following sentences into English.

serve as

beware of

come across

evidence

straightforward

caption

Can you provide any evidence to show that he was not in the crimescene at that time?

He volunteered to serve as the driver of our team.

We should beware of cultural differences in doing foreign trade.

We've just come across an old friend we haven' t seen for ages.

David studied each photo twice and read the captions carefully.

We were impressed by his straightforward answers.

Back


Read and Simulate

5 Pay attention to the italicized parts in the English sentences and translate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentences.

Most road signs you come across are straightforward.

Most young students I come across overseas have part-time jobs.

我在日本见到的女人大都是居家主妇。

我们遇到的问题大都通过团队工作得到解决。

Most women I came across in Japan were stay-at-home housewives.

Most problems we came across were solved by team work.


Read and Simulate

Taking pictures of funny signs while traveling is a favorite pastime for many

travelers.

Chatting online while surfing the internet is a hobby for many of us.

边听音乐边做作业对许多年轻人来说都是一种爱好。边等车边背英语单词对我来说是个好建议。


Doing homework while listening to music is a habit for many young students.

Reciting English words while waiting for a bus is a good suggestion for me.


Read and Simulate

All are perfect for adding to your travel photo album and sharing with friends.

The conference room is perfect for holding this event.

这些画册非常适合给学龄前儿童看。

这种纸非常适合画水彩画。


These picture books are perfect for showing to pre-school children.

The kind of paper is perfect for painting water color pictures.


Read and Simulate

Here are a few funny road signs found from various parts of the world.

Here are some common wedding customs found in all parts of China.

以下是成功商人具备的七项素质。

以下是当地各家报纸的新闻头条。


Here are seven qualities found in successful businessmen.

Here are the top news headlines found in local newspapers.


Read and Simulate

I hope you enjoy them and please feel free to add your own captions to the

pictures.

I hope you come to our company often and please feel free to try the products

here.

希望你喜欢这里的饭菜，请随时告诉我们你喜欢的菜肴。

希望你喜欢我的书，有什么评论和建议尽管提出来。


I hope you enjoy our food here and please feel free to tell us what is your favorite dish.

I hope you like my book and please feel free to make any comments and suggestions.


Read and Simulate

After all, the authorities put up a warning sign, picturing a car flying headfirst

into the sea.

Our school put up a big poster, picturing students performing in after-class

activities.

体育馆挂了一张有趣的图片，上面是一群熊猫在做各种体育运动。公园立了一块新指示牌，上面是一只指路的卡通兔子。


The gymnasium put up an interesting picture, showing pandas doing all kinds of sports.

The park put up a big new sign, picturing a cartoon rabbit giving the directions.Back


PASSAGE IIPASSAGE II


As cities grow, more and more Americans are leaving for work between 5 a.m.

and 6:30 a.m. and are commuting for longer periods of time. Here are what some of

the worst cities for commuters are like.

In Atlanta, the fastest-growing city in America, more people flood the roadways

than the infrastructure can handle. Commuters spend 60 hours a year stuck in traffic,

second only to those in Los Angeles. If that is not bad enough, Atlanta is so spread

out that only 29% of drivers get to and from work in less than 20 minutes, and 13%

spend more than an hour getting to work. The local train system doesn't cover the

entire city, and thus fails to relieve the pressure.




Back

Because most of the workers in Washington D.C. are commuting from the

Virginia or Maryland suburbs, it can take an exceedingly long time to make it

downtown. Here, 15% of commuters take over an hour to get to work, the second

highest rate in the country. Drivers spend 60 hours a year stuck in traffic, and only

26% of commuters get to work in under 20 minutes.

In Houston, Texas, 13% of people carpool, the highest such percentage in cities

with over 2 million workers, and third among cities with more than 1 million

workers. Still, unlike Dallas and Austin, Houston has largely resisted mass transit

system development in favor of expanding roadways, highways and interstates to

accommodate more cars.



How Do You Commute to Work?How Do You Commute to Work?

Hanna P., Marketing Expert at a famous software company, posted online

his own commuting experience and asked the netizens to share their views:

I went today:

by bus No. 81,

then trolley bus No. 3,

then underground Line 1,

then bus No.139 and finally bus No. 87

(25 km all together). Who more?

And actually the point of the question is: why do so many people spend lots

of time and money getting to work instead of moving near to it? It would be

so nerve- and traffic-saving if everyone lived near their work.

1

2

3


Responses Posted Online by Netizens

Cristina F.:

In Portugal, moving next to work will certainly mean buying a house that we often

cannot afford. I work outside Lisbon and I travel on Monday to work, stay there and

need only three steps to get to work. I travel back to Lisbon Friday afternoon.

(posted 18 hours ago)

Chris B.:

I travel by car as it is the most time-efficient way of getting there.

(posted 15 hours ago )

James B.:

I've been working for small companies — companies move, change and go out of

business. If I had lived next to where I worked, I would have had to move seven

times in the last 30 years. That would have been difficult to my family. So I live

where I want, and plan on driving up to 40 miles, one-way, to get to work.


4

Exercises


Nigel T.:

I drive. I work on short-term contract assignments which can be anything from 3 to 12

months, so moving is just not a choice. In the UK it can take 3 to 6 months to buy and

sell a house anyway. My current employer is about 40 miles away. Last year it was a

daily round trip of 189 miles — way too much!


Lisa N.:

When I was at my last job, I drove about 10 miles one way to get there, on city roads

and the interstate. It was a fast commute usually. I don't have a job right now, but

when I do, I might use a park and ride system as I may be commuting from the

suburbs to the city. I might also use the light rail if it is available.


Exercises


Natalie K.:

I also have around 25 km to the office, and I go by car. I wouldn't like to move to the

area close to the office, because I enjoy living in the center of the city (Copenhagen).


Michael R.:

5 minutes' drive to the airport;

5 minutes to preflight my plane;

1 hour 10 minutes' flight ;

10 minutes' drive to the client site.


Exercises

Back




1. (Para. 1) Who more?

Analysis: This is an elliptical sentence. The complete sentence could be:

Who did more travelling than I did?

Translation: 有谁比我换乘还多呢？

Example: He was playing net games online for 20 hours. Who more?

Back


2. (Para. 2) …why do so many people spend lots of time and money getting to

work instead of moving near to it?

Analysis: Spend time or money V-ing is a common English expression. Instead

of doing is a phrase meaning not doing. Another phrase which has

the similar meaning is rather than.

Translation: 为什么那么多的人宁愿上班花那么多的时间和金钱，而不搬到工作单位附近居住呢？Example: Martin spent lots of time complaining about his boss instead of doing

anything.



Back


3. (Para. 2) It would be so nerve- and traffic-saving if everyone lived near their work.

Analysis: Notice this is a typical sentence pattern in subjunctive mood. Nerve- and

trafficsaving are short for nerve-saving and traffic-saving. Other similar

words are time-saving, labor-saving, etc.

Translation: 如果大家都住在工作地点附近，能少伤多少脑筋，少乘多少车啊。

Example: It would be time- and labor-saving if we adopted the latest technology.



Back




4. (Para. 5) If I had lived next to where I worked, I would have had to move seven

times in the last 30 years.

Analysis: Note that the subjunctive mood is used to express an unreal condition.

Pay attention to the tenses that are used in the conditional clause and

the main clause.

Translation: 如果我是住在工作单位附近，在过去的三十年里我就得搬七次家了。

Example: If we had talked about it, we would have solved the problem between us.

Back



2 Important Words

1. marketing

n. the commercial processes involved in promoting and selling

and distributing a product or service 销售；促销；营销

e.g.

♫ They have come up with new and wonderful marketing ideas.

♫ Our marketing and business courses are highly valued by

employers and will help you develop practical skills.

1. marketing

n. the commercial processes involved in promoting and selling

and distributing a product or service 销售；促销；营销

e.g.

♫ They have come up with new and wonderful marketing ideas.

♫ Our marketing and business courses are highly valued by

employers and will help you develop practical skills.Back



2 Important Words

2. post v. put a message on the Internet （在互联网上）发帖子

e.g.

♫ He posted a video and some of the actress's photos online.

♫ You can find lots of newly posted articles about car pooling in my

blog.

2. post v. put a message on the Internet （在互联网上）发帖子

e.g.

♫ He posted a video and some of the actress's photos online.

♫ You can find lots of newly posted articles about car pooling in my

blog.

Back



2 Important Words

3. commute

v./n. to regularly travel a long distance to work; the journey of

commuting 通勤，上下班（尤其指很远的路程）

e.g.

♫ I have to commute 10 kilometers to my company in the suburbs.

♫ I spend much less time on my commute to work now.

3. commute

v./n. to regularly travel a long distance to work; the journey of

commuting 通勤，上下班（尤其指很远的路程）

e.g.

♫ I have to commute 10 kilometers to my company in the suburbs.

♫ I spend much less time on my commute to work now.Back



2 Important Words

4. contract n. a binding agreement between two or more persons or parties 合同

e.g.

♫ Mary signed a two-year contract with the company.

♫ The contract specifies that the goods should be shipped within 2

months.

4. contract n. a binding agreement between two or more persons or parties 合同

e.g.

♫ Mary signed a two-year contract with the company.

♫ The contract specifies that the goods should be shipped within 2

months.

Back



2 Important Words

5. assignment

n. a formal piece of work that is given to someone as part of their

work 任务，作业

e.g.

♫ Please turn in your assignment before you leave the classroom.

♫ My first assignment as a news reporter was to interview a

professor.

5. assignment

n. a formal piece of work that is given to someone as part of their

work 任务，作业

e.g.

♫ Please turn in your assignment before you leave the classroom.

♫ My first assignment as a news reporter was to interview a

professor.Back



2 Important Words

6. client n. someone who pays for services or advice from an expert or an

organization 顾客，客户；委托人

e.g.

♫ The lawyer argued that his client was clearly innocent.

♫ You can introduce your products and services to your clients through

your website.

6. client n. someone who pays for services or advice from an expert or an

organization 顾客，客户；委托人

e.g.

♫ The lawyer argued that his client was clearly innocent.

♫ You can introduce your products and services to your clients through

your website.

Back


Read and Judge

6 Are the following statements true or false according to the passage? Write T / F accordingly.

1) Hanna P. is interested in knowing why people choose not to live near

their work place.

2) Cristina F. travels to and from her work every day.

3) James B.'s present job is his eighth job.

4) Nigel T. has to commute a longer distance in his present job than in his

last.

5) In her next job, Lisa N. may have to drive to the city and then change

to the light rail.

6) Natalie K. has to drive about 25 km to work in the city center.

7) Michael R. drives to the airport to meet his client. Back


Read and Translate

7 Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1) The website has always posted some answers to the questions frequently raised by netizens.

2) Why do many people spend so much time chatting online instead of talking with neighbors in their real life?

3) Let's take the light rail as it is the most time- and money-saving way of getting there.

4) Many netizens agree that success in life means owning a big house, getting a well-paid job, and having a happy family. What do you think?

对于网民经常提的问题，那家网站总是给予解答。

为什么那么多人把那么多的时间花在网络聊天上，却不愿意和现实生活中的邻居们交谈呢？

咱们乘快轨吧，因为这是去那里最省时省钱的方法。

很多网民都认为生活的成功就意味着拥有一所大房子、一份高薪的工作和一个美满的家庭。你怎么看？


Read and Translate

7 Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

Back

5) The new model of the cell phone is priced anywhere from $100 to $500.

6) The point of the question is to make sure we learn lessons from our own life experiences.

7) Last year that company went out of business because of its poor management.

8) The new park and ride system will greatly improve traffic in the city.

这款新型手机的定价在 100到 500美元之间。

问题的关键是我们一定要从生活经历中吸取教训。

去年那家公司由于经营不善停业了。

新的换车通勤方式将会极大地改善这个城市的交通。


Search OnlineSearch Online

To find stories about To find stories about

people commuting to people commuting to

work.work.Back


SECTION V Appreciating Culture TipsSECTION V Appreciating Culture TipsDiscuss, Appreciate and CommentDiscuss, Appreciate and Comment

Back

unit | three road signs and commuting. unit | three unit goals: what you should learn to do 1. ask...

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