unit objectives students will be able to: ◦ identify the functions of sauces ◦ recognize and...
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Unit ObjectivesUnit Objectives
Students will be able to:◦Identify the functions of sauces◦Recognize and classify mother sauces◦Prepare mother sauces◦Use thickening agents properly
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SaucesSauces• A flavorful, thickened liquid used to
enhance food:• Adds moisture & flavor• Adds intensity to the dish• Improves appearance / color• Should complement the food • Stimulate the appetite
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Sauce Quality FactorsSauce Quality Factors
• Color• Opacity• Luster• Taste• Texture• Consistency
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Mother/Leading SaucesMother/Leading Sauces
Sauce Liquid Thickener Color
Béchamel Milk White roux
Espagnole Brown Stock
Brown roux
Brown
Tomato Tomatoes Tomato paste
Red
Hollandaise Clarified Butter
Egg yolk Yellow
Velouté White Stock Blond roux Amber
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Compound SaucesCompound Sauces
• Compound sauces are leading sauces with other ingredients & flavors added to it
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Compound SaucesCompound Sauces• Bechamel Cheddar
cheese• Espagnole Mushroom• Tomato Meat
Sauce• Hollandaise Bearnaise• Veloute Cream
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HollandaiseHollandaise
Hollandaise will separate:• Butter is added too fast• Butter is too hot• Egg yolk to butter ratio is
incorrect (5 egg yolks to 1 lb. of clarified butter)
• Sauce gets too cold• Sauce gets too hot• Served on top of very hot
product
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Thickening AgentsThickening Agents
• Roux◦Equal parts by weight
of fat and flour cooked together used to thicken liquids
Butter Bread or AP flour Sift flour
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Thickening AgentsThickening Agents• Roux
◦White◦Blond◦Brown
• Incorporating roux into a liquid◦Cool stock into a warm roux◦Room temperature roux into a hot
stock
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Roux typesRoux types
• White Roux - Least amount of cooking time(3 –5 minutes) Example: Béchamel Sauce
• Blond Roux - Takes on a light golden color (5 –6 minutes) Example: Veloute Sauce
• Brown Roux - Nutty Aroma / dark brown color
(15 - 20 minutes) Example: Espagnole Sauce
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Thickening AgentsThickening Agents
Cornstarch:• Equal parts cold liquid to cornstarch• Blended mixture is called a slurry• Add slurry to hot liquid• Thickens immediately