unit ii: the interwar years ii. canada in the interwar years text pp. 71-76
TRANSCRIPT
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Unit II: The Interwar YearsUnit II: The Interwar Years
II. Canada in the Interwar YearsText pp. 71-76
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3) The Growth of Independence [text pp. 71-72]
a) Paris Peace Conferences & Treaty of Versailles
• Canada got its own seat and independently signed the treaty.
Canada
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b) The Chanak Crisis, 1922
• It was a port in Turkey controlled by Britain that gave it access from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Sea.
• The British sent troops there because they were afraid that Turkey would take it back.
• Canada refused to automatically send the CEF to help; it was the first time it did so.
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c) The Halibut Treaty 1923
• Canada and the U.S. negotiated a treaty to protect halibut stocks in B.C. and Alaska.
• Canada negotiated without a British official involved, even though the British protested this.
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d) The Imperial Conference of 1926
• Here, Britain formally declares in the Balfour Report that Canada is not a subordinate.
e) The Statute of Westminster, 1931
• This recognized the Balfour Report formally in British Law.
• Canada is now autonomous in the British Commonwealth of Nations.
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4) Birth of Trade Unions [text pp.72-74]
a) Bolsheviks helped overthrow the Tsar and start a Communist government.
• The Canadian government feared this and didn’t want the communists to do the same in Canada.
• Meanwhile, the Bolsheviks believed that everyone should control the means of production, not just factory owners• Some liked that idea.
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b) Canadian Workers
• They had no insurance, pension, or compensation for injuries on the job in 1919.
• They wanted to form trade unions to get these along with better pay and improved housing.
• Unions could negotiate with owners by collective bargaining.
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c) Winnipeg General Strike 1919
i) Employers did not want to bargain with unions, so they decided to go on strike.
ii) It started in Winnipeg; the unions there wanted $0.85/hour, an 8 hour day, and the right of collective bargaining.
iii) There were sympathy strikes in Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.
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iv) Winnipeg officials then ban demonstrations.
v) June 21, 1919: riots started when strike leaders were arrested—1 dead and 30 hurt.
vi) Effects: • many lost their jobs• Economic problems recognized• Union leaders join politics: CCF (later the NDP)
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5) King-Byng Crisis of 1926
• A governor general refuses to a Prime Minister’s request to dissolve Parliament…bah, you read it; it’s on p. 74.
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6. Role of Women
a) Social Role: women had more control over their lives
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b) Involvement in the Women’s Christian Temperance Union
Women were politically active in getting Prohibition passed into law.
c) Agnes Macphail: the first woman to become a Member or Parliament
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d) The Famous Five: Emily Murphy, Irene Parlby, Louise McKinney, Henrietta Muir Edwards, and Nellie McClung
• Women had the federal vote by 1918, but they didn’t have the provincial vote.
• Women weren’t even considered “persons” under the law.
• By 1929, the Famous Five succeeded in changing that.
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AssignmentAssignment
Finish your notations up to p. 85. You will receive your handout packages
next week.