UNIT B/ Chemistry 6.1

WHAT IS CHEMISTRY ANYWAY ?!

Chemistry is ...The study of the properties, composition and behaviour of matter…

MATTER is anything that has _____________ and occupies a ______________

PROPERTIES, COMPOSITION AND MATTER

Property is a characteristic, a trait or quality that something has

Ex: water boils at 100 °C

Composition is what something is made up of…its basic nature from the inside (its ingredients)

EX: water is made up of two hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom H20.

THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER

Substance is something unique with a set of unique properties.

Properties of matter

PHYSICAL vs CHEMICAL

PROPERTY PROPERTY/Rxns

It is a property that can be observed and found without creating a new substance. Or changing the chemical structure of it

Ex: colour, density, hardness, melting point, boiling point, pH, viscosity, etc…

It is when a new substance is created due to undergoing chemical reactions.

Ex: hydrogen can burn in air (Oxygen) and produce waterHydrogen reacts with chlorine to produce hydrogen chloride.

CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

Atom: The smallest part of an element which retains ALL the fundamental properties of the element…Elements - contain only one type of atom

1. monatomic elements consist of 1 atom only ex: Fe, Al, Cu, He2. polyatomic elements consist of several “like” atoms bonded together Ex: H2 O2 Br2 F2 I2 Cl2 P4 S8

DIATOMIC ELEMENTS

H2 O2 Br2 F2 I2 Cl2

CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

A molecule is 2 or more atoms held together

If a molecule is made up of identical atoms, it is called an element.

If a molecule is made up of different types atoms, it is called a compound.

Atoms are held together by electrical forces.

CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

Difference between an element and a compound?

First, they are both molecules (2 or more atoms)

An element is made up of the same type of atoms

A compound is made up of different types of atoms.

CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER

ION: atom or molecule that possesses an electrical charge…

Sodium ion (Na+ ) Chloride ion (Cl- ) Nitrate ion or Nitrate ( NO3

- )

More about this soon!

MORE TERMS TO CLASSIFY MATTER

Pure substance: unchanged, uniform properties.

Ex: salt (NaCl) has a density of 2.16 g/mL and melts at 801 C and is colourless.

A pure substance has Identical properties in every sample..

More on substances

Pure Substances: a substance that is made up of only one kind of matter. There are two kinds of pure substances:

a) Element - a pure substance that cannot be broken down or separated into simpler substances

Ex: gold (Hg) silver(Ag)

b) Compound - a substance composed of at least two elements

Ex: water (H20), CO2

MIXTURES

A mixture: a system made up of 2 or more substances, and the amounts can be different/varied.

Ex: salt dissolved in water.

HOMEWORK 6.1

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