UNIT B 7.3 + 7.4

Ionic and Covalent naming of compounds

A few things to know

The periodic table organizes the elements by vertical columns (___________) and horizontal rows (______________).

The elements are arranged depending on the chemical and physical properties of elements in repeated patterns and increasing atomic masses.

Element symbol: The first letter is always in upper case and the second letter (if present) is always lower case. Ex: Sodium (Na), Nitrogen (N)

PERIODIC TABLE

http://www.colgurchemistry.com/2008PeriodicTable.pdf

IV.2 NAMING INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

METALS: Found on left side in periodic table Form _________ ions

Cation: an ion with a positive charge

NON-METALS: Found on right side in periodic table form __________ ions (H is an exception)Anion: an ion with a negative charge

NAMING MONATOMIC METAL IONSSimply use the name of the metal and add the word “ion”Element Name Ion NameSodium Metal(Na)Aluminum (Al)

Write the names of the following ions:a) Cu+

b) Ag+

NAMING MONATOMIC METAL IONS

If a metal has more than one possible charge, the charge has to be indicated by a Roman numeral, in parenthesis, immediately following the name.

Ex: Fe+3

Fe+2

Roman numerals are:I 1 V 5 IX 9II 2 VI 6 X 10III 3 VII 7IV 4 VIII 8

NAMING MONATOMIC METAL IONS

Write the formula of the following ions to show their charges:

Uranium (VI) ion = __________ Iron (II) ion = __________ Nickel (II) ion = __________

NAMING MONATOMIC NON-METAL IONSTake off the original ending and add an

“ide” ending. Element Name Ion Name Florine (F)   Sulphur (S)

Write the names of the following ions: a) Br- = __________________________b) Cl- = __________________________c) I- = __________________________d) O-2 = __________________________e) N-3 = __________________________

Naming Polyatomic Ions:

The names do NOTTTTTTTTTTT CHANGE.Use it exactly as you find it in your data bookletAs simple as that

THE ENDDDDDD

How to write the formula and how to write the

name of

Ionic Compounds

HOW TO WRITE THE FORMULA OF IONIC COMPOUNDS

An ionic compound A compound made up of ions ( usually a metal + non-metal )The ions have charges but the compound is a neutral molecule. remember in ionic compounds , one ion loses and one ion gains electrons).The chemical name of an ionic compound always gives the positive ion (cation) first and the negative ion (anion) second.

Ex: NaCl is Sodium Chloride

3 SIMPLE RULES

WRITING FORMULA OF IONIC COMPOUNDS

MORE EXAMPLES

Potassium oxide:

Iron (II) sulphate:

Tin (IV) oxide:

Calcium phosphide

We do not change the endings of polyatomic ions because they already have special endings that end in “ate” or “ite”

How to Write the Name of an IONIC COMPOUND

Check your periodic table to see if the positive ion has more than one ion charge.

How to Write the Name of an IONIC COMPOUND

A) If the first ion has only one possible ion charge:

ZnCl2

MgO

Ag2SO4

B) If the first ion has more than one possible charge:

“De-swap and de-drop” the subscripts (to find out the real charge)

check the charge on negative ion (if it is not as what it should be, you probably need to double or triple it)

write the charge of the positive ion with roman numerals

Write the charge of the negative ion with “ide”Example PbO2 oxygen has a combining capacity of – 2 Pb+4 O -2

Pb2 O4 lead (IV) oxide

TRY THESE ON YOUR OWN

FeS

Fe2(HPO4)3

PRACTICE TIME!

LESSON 2

How to write the formula and how to write the

name of

Covalent Compounds

Naming COVALENT COMPOUNDS Using the Prefix-Naming System

Remember covalent compounds SHARE their electrons ( usually two non-metals together).

Binary Compound: a compound made of two different types of atoms (usually two non-metals)

SO2, Na2S, NaCl

Tertiary Compound: a compound made of three different types of atoms.

H2SO4 KOH KMnO4

Naming COVALENT COMPOUNDS Using the Prefix-Naming System

We use the prefix-naming system

1- Each compound name is made of words, each with a suitable prefix

Naming COVALENT COMPOUNDS Using the Prefix-Naming System

Prefix-system naming continued

First word is the name of element with a prefix to indicate the # of atomsSecond word is the name of the element with an “ide” ending and a prefix to indicate the # of atoms

P2S3 = diphosphorus trisulphide

Exception: if there is only ONE atom of the first element, don’t use the prefix mono.

Ex: CO2 =

TRY ON YOUR OWN

Examples: P2S3 =

CO =

BrCl3 =

S2Cl2 =

PREFIX NAMING SYSTEM

Basically used when you have two different Non-Metals.

Non-metals are usually found on the right side of the periodic table.

Remember the prefixes.

WRITING FORMULAS FOR COVALENT COMPOUNDS

Steps:

Write down the symbol for each element

Use the prefix to determine the number of atoms of each element.

Example: dinitrogen tetroxide carbon dioxide

Do NOT reduce !

SUMMARY Naming First identify if it is ionic or covalent Ionic compounds

Metal and non-metal Positive ion first then negative ion Use roman numerals to indicate the ions with

more than one possible charge For the negative ions(non-metals) change the

ending to ide.Covalent compounds

Non-metal and non-metal For both, we use the prefix-naming system (mono,

di, tri, tetra, etc) First one, you just write the element’s original

name with prefix You change the second element’s name to “ide”

with prefix.

SUMMARY

Writing Formulas First identify if it is ionic or covalent Ionic compounds

Write formula for positive ion first then negative ion

Swap and drop charges as subscripts Reduce if you need to.

Covalent compounds Write down the symbol for each element Use the prefix to determine the number of atoms of

each element. Do NOT reduce !

PRACTICE TIME!