unit 8 - core knowledge foundation · unit 8 skills workbook. unit 8 skills workbook skills strand...
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Grad
e 3
Core
Know
ledge
Lang
uage
Arts®
• Skil
ls St
rand
Unit 8Skills Workbook
Unit 8Skills Workbook
Skills StrandGrade 3
Core Knowledge Language Arts®
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Unit 8 iii© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Unit 8Skills Workbook
This Skills Workbook contains worksheets that accompany the lessons from the Teacher Guide for Unit 8. Each worksheet is identified by its lesson number and where it is intended to be used. For example, if there are two worksheets for Lesson 8, the first will be numbered 8.1 and the second 8.2. The Skills Workbook is a student component, which means each student should have a Skills Workbook.
Unit 8 1© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 1.1
Etu, the Hunter
1. Whoisonthehunt?
A. Etuandtheothermeninhisfamily
B. Etuandthewomeninhisfamily
C. Etu
D. Etu’sparents
2. ThishuntissignificantforEtubecause______________________________.
A. itishislasthunt
B. itistheonlyhunthewillgoonthisyear
C. itishisfirsthunt
D. itiswinter
3. WhydoesEtuhavetobesocarefulandsilent?
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2 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
4. ListsometoolsmentionedinthischapterthatEtu’speopleuse.
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5. Writeadifferentendingforthechapter.Inyourending,EtuandhisfamilyareNOTsuccessfulinthehunt.
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Unit 8 3© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 1.2
Dear Family Member,
Pleasehelpyourchildsucceedinspellingbytakingafewminuteseacheveningtoreviewthewordstogether.Helpfulactivitiesforyourchildtodoinclude:spellingthewordsorally,writingsentencesusingthewords,orsimplycopyingthewords.
Spelling Words
Thisweek,wearereviewingthespellingpatternsfor/ə/spelled‘a’and‘e’thatwehavealreadylearned.OnFriday,yourchildwillbeassessedonthesewords.
StudentshavebeenassignedtwoChallengeWords,Americanandindependent.ChallengeWordsarewordsusedveryoftenandneedtobememorized.TheChallengeWordsdofollowthespellingpatternsforthisweekasboth‘a’sinAmericanandthefirstandlast‘e’sinindependentarepronounced/ə/.
TheContentWordforthisweekisglistening.ThiswordisdirectlyrelatedtothematerialthatwearereadinginNative American Stories.TheContentWordisanoptionalspellingwordforyourchild.Ifyourchildwouldliketotryitbutgetsitincorrect,itwillnotcountagainsthimorherontheassessmentfor.Weencourageeveryonetostretchthemselvesabitandtrytospellthisword.
Take-HomeWorksheet
4 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Thespellingwords,includingtheChallengeWordsandtheContentWord,arelistedbelow:
1. dozen
2. again
3. enemy
4. Shaman
5. deposit
6. ability
7. problem
8. distance
9. about
10. elegant
11. debate
12. sentence
13. area
14. secure
15. taken
16. probably
17. bulletin
18. company
19. Challenge Word:American
20. Challenge Word:independent
Content Word:glistening
Student Reader
ThechaptersyourchildwillreadthisweekinNative American StoriesareacollectionofstoriesaboutdifferentgroupsofNativeAmericans.Theseselectionsarehistoricalfictionandeachistoldfromachild’spointofview.Studentswilllearnaboutthesechildren’scontributionstotheirtribes.Thisweek,studentswillreadaboutahunter,birdchasers,gatherers,abasketweaver,andaspiritgiver.Besuretoaskyourchildeacheveningaboutwhatheorsheislearning.
StudentswilltakehometextcopiesofthechaptersintheReaderthroughouttheunit.Encouragingstudentstoreadatextdirectlyrelatedtothisdomain-basedunitwillprovidecontentandvocabularyreinforcement.Yourchildwillalsobringhomeacopyoftheglossaryforuseinreadingthetextcopiestofamilymembers.Theboldedwordsonthetextcopiesarethewordsfoundintheglossary.
Unit 8 5© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 1.3Take-HomeWorksheet
Etu, the HunterWewalkedsilentlyandcarefullyacrosstheglisteningsnow.Thesunshoneonthe
snowandmadeitsparkleandshinelikethestarsinthenightsky.Beforeweleftourcamp,mybrothershadtoldmemanytimesthatImustdoexactlyastheysaid.IfIdidnot,theywouldsendmeaway.
Theysaidthataswewalked,Imuststepsilentlyandcarefullyintomyolderbrother’sfootprints.Myoldestbrother,Hakan,wassixyearsolderthanme.Hewastheleadtracker.Hisfootprintsledtheway.MybrotherDelsinwasthreeyearsolderthanme.HefollowedcloselybehindHakan,steppingeasilyintohisfootprints.IwasrightbehindDelsin,tryinghardnottowobblefromsidetosideasIsteppedintohisenormousfootprints.
Myfatherandunclesmovedinastraightlinesomedistancebehindus.Thesewerethemeninourfamilywhohuntedandkilledthegreatcreaturesthatroamedacrossthelandwelivedon.Eachmanheldaflint-tippedspearandanatlati,orspearthrower.MybrothersandIhadourslingshotsslungoverourshoulders.Thiswasmyfirsthunt.Wewerefollowingaherdofwoolly mammoths.Wewerewaitingforonememberoftheherdtofallbehind.Assoonasitdid,themenwouldmoveforwardanddriveitintoaditch.Wehadtobecarefulthough.Itwasimportantthatthecreaturedidnotsenseourpresence.Ifitdid,itwouldcertainlychargeatususingitsgreatsizeandcurvedtusks aspowerfulweapons.Ifthishappened,theherditselfwouldpanicandwouldstampedeforsure.
Ilovedtolistentothesoundofthecrunchingsnowbeneathourfeet.Ilovedthefeeloftheicywindagainstmycheeks.Allaround,thetipsoftall,greengrasssprangupfromthesnow-coveredland.Thewoolly mammothsdinedonthelushgrass.Theyusedtheirtuskstopushthesnowasidesothattheycouldreacheveryjuicypartofit.
Wewalkeduntilthesunbegantosinkintheskyandagoldenhazetouchedtheshimmeringearth.Ispottedvariousclumpsoftallgrassthatbroughtfaintcolortothemostlywhite,crispterrain.Aswewalked,Ithoughtaboutmymotherandsister,whowerealsoatwork.Theywererepairingtheshelterwehadbuiltfrommammothskin,bones,branches,andearth.Severaldaysearlier,strongwindshaddamagedthecampwehadsetupneartheherd.Theyknew,asdidwe,thatmammoth fleshcouldfeedmanypeopleforquitesometime.Itcouldbedriedandsavedsothatitlasteduntilthenextsuccessfulhunt.Amammoth’sskinandfurcouldbemadeintowarmclothingoritcould
6 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
beusedtomakeacozyshelter.
Suddenly,mybrotherHakanstoppedmovingandraisedanarm.Then,hesignaledforustocrouchdown.Weimmediatelydidashecommanded.Ipeekedaroundtoseethemenbehindusdoingthesamething.Mybrotherputafingertohislipsandlookedatusdirectly,signalingustobequiet.Icouldtellthathehadspottedalonewoolly mammoth.
Aswecroucheddowninthesnow,thehuntersbegantomoveforward.Iheldmybreathasmyfatherandunclesmovedpastus.Iknewthattheywouldnotusetheirspearsuntilthegiantcreaturehadbeencorneredintheditchwithnowayout.MyheartpoundedinmychestasIwatchedthemensuddenlysurroundwhatseemedtobeayoungmammoth.Theydroveitwithsuchskillintothesnow-coveredditch,whoopingandholleringastheywent.Then,withouthesitating,myfatheranduncleslaunchedtheirspears.Iwatchedthisgreatandpowerfulcreaturefall,crashingtotheground.
Unit 8 7© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 2.1
Adoette and Awan, the Bird Chasers
1. WhatcropdoAdoetteandAwan’speoplegrowforfoodandtomakethingstheyneed?
A. wholewheat
B. tomatoes
C. corn
D. shrubs
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2. WriteacompletesentencethattellstheusesofthecropAdoetteandAwanareprotecting.
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3. HowdoAdoetteandAwanknowthatwinterisover?
A. theairiswarm
B. thecrowsarecawing
C. theearthseemstobewakingfromasleep
D. alloftheabove
8 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
4. WhyarecrowstheenemyofAdoetteandAwanandtheirpeople?
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5. Writeacompletesentencethatexplainsexactlywhatthechildrendotoscarethecrowsaway.
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6. HowdoyouknowthatAdoetteisnotafraidoftheinjuredcrow?
A. Shescreeches,“We’resupposedtochaseitaway.”
B. Shepicksupthebirdandplanstotakeithometohelpitheal.
C. Sherunsintheotherdirectionwhensheseesthecrow.
D. Shestompedofftolookforsnakes.
Unit 8 9© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: X.X2.2
Plural Possessive Nouns Not Ending in –s or –es
Rewrite each sentence, changing the underlined phrase to a plural possessive noun.
Example: The house belonging to Grandma was full of the noises of the children.
Grandma’s house was full of the children’s noises.
1. Mycatateallofthecheesesofthemice.
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2. Theblackcarsbelongingtothemenlineduptopulloutofthegarage.
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3. Thesilentclassroomsofthechildrenmadeusthinknoonehadcometoschoolthatday.
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4. Theauditoriumwasfullofthehappyvoicesofthepeople.
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10 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
5. Thecolorfuldressesofthewomenlookedlikearainbowonstage.
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Unit 8 11© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 2.3
Adoette and Awan, the Bird Chasers“Adoette,it’stimetogo,”whisperedAwan.“Thesunisalmostup!”
“I’mcoming,”Adoetterepliedsoftlyasshetiptoedthroughthedoorwayofherhome.“Ihavefishforustoeatlater,”shecontinued.
“Ihavewaterforustodrink,”AwansaidashesmiledatAdoette.
Thechildrenchattedwitheachotherastheymadetheirwaytowardstheirfamily’scornfield.Thecornfieldwasashortdistancefromtheirvillageneartheriver.Astheywalked,thesoundofcrowscawingroseupintothewarm,springair.Thecrowshadreturnedtosignalthatwintertimewasover.ThewarmthofthesunwasonceagainencouraginglifeinthesleepingEarth.
Thesunwasayellowhazeonthehorizonasthetwochildrenwalkedtogether.AdoetteandAwanhadtheimportantjobofscaringthecrowsawayfromthecornseedsthathadbeenplantedinthefield.Thecrowshadreturnedjustintimetowatchthemenofthevillageplanttheircrops.Thedirt,nolongerfrozen,wasnowwarmenoughforplanting.Usingahoefashionedfromthejawboneofadeerandasmalltreebranch,themencreatedlong,thinchannelsinthedirt.Theyplacedthecornseedsonefootprintapartinthebottomofeachchannel.Theycoveredtheseedswithdirtandwatchedastherainfallandthesunshinedidtherest.Eachfamilygrouphaditsowncornfield.Cornwasanimportantcrop.Itcouldbestoredforthewinteringrass-coveredpits.Cornwasusedtomakeflourforfriedcakes,breads,andpuddings.Thehusksofthecornplantwereusedtomakebasketsandmats.Inadditiontocorn,eachfamilygrewbeansandsquash.Theyalsohuntedandfished.
Oncethecornwasplanted,thewomenandchildrencheckedtomakesuretheyoungseedlingsgotplentyofwater.Ifthespringrainsdidnotcomeandwatertheearth,thenthewomenandchildrendid.Thechildrenalsohadthejobofprotectingtheyoungplantsfromallkindsofhungrycritters.
AdoetteandAwanweresenttothefamilycornfieldeachdaytoguardthecrop.Asthecorncrophadjustbeenplanted,crowsweretheworstenemy.Theywouldeitherdigupthenewlyplantedseedswiththeirsharptalonsortheywouldwaitfortheseedstogerminate.Then,theywouldpullupeachseedlingplant,cawingwithdelightastheyconsumedthecornseedanddiscardedtherest.
Asthetwochildrenarrivedinthecornfield,theycouldseethatseveralcrowswere
Take-HomeWorksheet
12 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
alreadythere.Thecrowssatinthedirt,watchingtheyoungplants.AdoetteandAwanplacedtheirsuppliesonthegroundandyelledatthecrows.Thecrowsstaredatthechildrenwiththeircoal-blackeyes.Then,theyflappedtheirwingsandflewaway.Onecrow,however,couldnotquiteliftitsbodyoffthegroundandinsteadtriedtoscuttleawayfromthechildren.Itmadeitswaytowardssomelow-lyingshrubs.
“Oh,it’sinjured!”exclaimedAdoette.“Wemusthelpit.”
“Helpit!”screechedAwan.“We’resupposedtochaseitaway.”
“Ifitcan’tfly,itcouldbeeatenupbyanynumberofcreatures,”continuedAdoetteeagerly.
“Youarecrazy,”saidAwan.
Slowly,Adoettemadeherwaytowardsthecrow.Thecrowhadstoppedmovingjustinfrontofashrub.IthadturnedtolookatAdoette.
“Areyouinjured?”Adoetteaskedthebirdsoftly.“Here,letmehelpyou.”
ThecrowincheditsbodyundertheshrubandstaredintentlyatAdoette.
Adoettesatdowninthedirtandchattedwiththecrowforawhile.Awan,unhappywithhiscousin’sbehavior,stompedofftolookforsnakes.Eventually,Adoettereachedinundertheshrubandgentlyyetconfidentlypickedupthebird.Thecrowflappeditswingsforasecondortwo,butthensettleddowninAdoette’sarms.
WhenAwanreturned,hefoundAdoettewatchingthefieldwithacrowinherarms.
“Whatareyougoingtodowithit?”askedAwanwhowasquiteastonishedbythesightofhiscousincuddlingacrow.
“I’mgoingtomakeitbetter,”Adoetteexclaimed.
Awansimplyshookhishead.
Fortherestoftheday,thetwochildrenguardedthecorncrop.Whenthesunbegantoset,theymadetheirwaybacktothevillage.AdoettewalkedproudlybesideAwan,carryingtheenemyinherarms.
Unit 8 13© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 3.1
Akando and Aponi, the Gatherers
1. Whatdidmostchildreninthevillagegatherduringthistimeofyear?Listexamples.
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2. Writeadefinitionfortheword“harvest.”
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3. WhatdidtheShamansusetobaccoandcertainrootsandbarkfor?
A. food
B. drink
C. medicine
D. shelter
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14 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
4. AkandoandAponihad___________________strappedtotheirwaists.
A. headdresses
B. birchbarkbaskets
C. beltswithtools
D. poucheswithmedicine
5. Whattitlebestmatchesthelistbelow?Title: _________________
1. Tobacco
2. Sunflowers
3. Corn
4. Squash
A. CropsGrown
B. CropsGathered
C. CropsMissing
D. CropsSold
6. Whatdoyouthinkwillhappennext,afterAkandoandAponifilltheirbaskets?
A. Theywillhuntforfood.
B. AkandowillteachAponihowtobeathimintheGuessingGame.
C. Theywillparticipateinaceremonytoaskforrain.
D. AponiwillteachAkandohowtomakeabirchbarkbasket.
16 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
3.2
–ishmeanshaving the characteristics of or like
foolish
snobbish
selfish
feverish
Word Shelf
Name:
Unit 8 17© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 3.3
–ish: Suffix Meaning “having the characteristics of” or “like”
foolish—(adjective) having the characteristics of or like someone who is ridiculous and acts without good sense or judgmentsnobbish—(adjective) having the characteristics of or like someone who thinks he or she is better than othersselfish—(adjective) having the characteristics of or like an individualfeverish—(adjective) having the characteristics of or like a body temperature that is higher than normal; having the characteristics of or like a state of excited activity or emotion
Write the correct word to complete each sentence.
style childish fever child
feverish fool foolish stylish
1. Weworkedata________________pacetofinishtheprojectbeforetheendofclass.
2. Therewasanannouncementatthefairabouta______________whohadlosthismotherinthecrowd.
3. Iwas______________tothinkthatIcoulddowellontheassessmentwithoutstudyingforitthenightbefore.
18 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
4. Markwassohappyhisteamwonthegamethathejumpedupanddown,screaminglikea_______________.
5. Hernewshoeswerevery_______________andeveryonewantedapairjustlikethem.
6. MomputherhandonmyforeheadandsaiditfeltlikeIhada_______________sinceitwassowarm.
7. Mycousinhasagreatsenseof_______________whenitcomestodressingup.
Write your own sentence using the one word left in the box.
8. ______________________________________________________
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20 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
3.4
Word Shelf
–nessmeansin the state or condition of being
quickness
awareness
fitness
loneliness
Name:
Unit 8 21© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
3.5Name:
–ness: Suffix Meaning “in the state or condition of being”
quickness—(noun) in the state or condition of being fastawareness—(noun) in the state or condition of noticing somethingfitness—(noun) in the state or condition of being healthyloneliness—(noun) in the state or condition of being without others
Write the correct word to complete each sentence.
dark awareness fit sick
fitness darkness sickness aware
1. Ifelt________________aftereatingtheentiretubofpopcornatthemovies.
2. Her______________ofhowtogetaroundournewschoolwasveryhelpfulsinceIgotlosttwiceinthebeginningoftheyear.
3. Areyou______________thatsnowisintheforecastfornextweek?
4. Tokeepupmylevelof_______________,InowexerciseatleastfourtimesaweekandIeathealthyfoods.
22 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
5. The_______________madeithardforDadtofindthetoptothetrashcanlastnight.
6. Mydadwantstobe_______________andhealthybythetimesummerstarts.
7. Itgets_______________outsideearlierduringDecemberthanduringOctober.
Write your own sentence using the one word left in the box.
8. __________________________________________________________________________________
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Unit 8 23© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 3.6
dozen againenemy Shamandeposit abilityproblem distance
about elegantdebate sentencearea secure
taken probablybulletin company
Challenge Word:AmericanChallenge Word:independent
Content Word:glistening
Fill in the blanks in the sentences below with one of the spelling words in the chart. Only if needed, add a suffix to the end of a word in order for the sentence to make sense: –s, –ed, –ing, –er, or –ly.
1.Etutraveledagreat________________followingthewoollymammoths.
2.Ritacollectsitemsingroupsof12,soshehasa________________pencilsinherdeskandalwaysmakessurethereare12________________ineachparagraphshewrites.
3.Thebeautiful,________________snowfelllastnightwhileeveryoneslept.
4.Mothersaidweneededtocleanourroomsverywellbecausewewereexpectingfancy,________________________________toarrivetospendtheweekendwithus.
Blank Busters
24 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
5.Inavideoourteachershowedus,therewasaNativeAmericancalleda________________whohealedthesickandtookcareofmanyother________________thathisgroupencountered.
6.Ifeelveryconfidentwhensurroundedbymyfriends,butwhen________________approach,Iamnotasconfidentanddon’tfeel________________.
7.Mybabybrotherwantstobeabletodothingshimselfandbe_______________.
8.Willyoutakemychecktothebankand________________it,please?
9.Thechaptersinourreader,Native________________Stories,areall________________childrenandtheircontributionstotheirgroups.
10.MothersaysIcan________________gotothemovieswithmyfriends.Ijustneedtofinishmyhomework.
Write three sentences using spelling words of your choice that were not used in the first 10 sentences. Make sure to use correct capitalization and punctuation. You may use the Challenge Words or Content Word in your sentences.
1. __________________________________________________________________________________
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2. __________________________________________________________________________________
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3. __________________________________________________________________________________
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Unit 8 25© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 3.7
Akando and Aponi, the Gatherers”Istaredupattheblueskyandsquinted.Itwashot.Therewasnotacloudinthesky.
Eventhoughtheleavesonthetreeswerenowchangingtosplendidcolorsthatmademestopandstare,theintenseheatofthesunstilllingered.Istoodforamomentandrestedmytiredfeet.Icouldtellthattheheatofthedaywouldsoonbereplacedbyanexplosivethunderstorm.
Iglancedbacktowardourvillage,butitwasnowalmostcompletelyoutofsight.Icouldn’tseetheroofsofthehousesandstoragerooms,northesmokerisingupfromeachfamilyhearth.Icould,however,stillseeourchief ’shome.Icouldalsostillglimpsetheceremonialbuildingsthatsatuponthelargemoundsthatmypeopleconstructed.
MybrotherAkandoandIhadbeensentoutwithourbasketstogatherwildfruits,berries,andnuts.Infact,thiswasthetimeoftheyearwhenmostofthechildreninourvillagewereputtowork.Thiswasthetimeofyearwhenthechildrengatherednuts,fruits,andberriesthatcouldbepreservedordried.Wealsogatheredwildonionsandmilkweed.Thisfoodwouldbeneededwhentheearthwasfrozen.Itwasimportantthatwegatheredwhatnatureprovidedforusbeforetherainscameandwasheditallawayorthefrostcameandkilledit.
Thecropsthatwegrew,sunflowers,corn,squash,andtobacco,werealsobeingharvested.Someoftheolderchildrenwerebusilyhelpinginthefields.OnlytheShamanswereallowedtogathertobaccoandtherootsandbarkthatwereusedformedicine.MybrothertoldmethattheShamansofferedtobaccotothefourdirectionsoftheearthbeforetherootsofthemedicineplantweretaken.
Ilookedahead,insearchofAkando.MybrotherwassofaraheadofmethatIwaslosingsightofhim.
“Akando,slowdown,”Icalledtomybrother.“Canwerestforawhile?”
Akandolookedbackatme.Heismytwinbrotherandeventhoughwearethesamesize,heisstrongerthanIam.Akandohadalargebirchbarkbasketstrappedaroundhiswaist.Itwasalmostfulltothebrimwithhickorynutsandhazelnuts.Ihadabasketstrappedtomywaisttoo.Minewassmallerthanhisanditwasonlyhalffullwithbutternutsandacorns.
“Justforashortwhile,Aponi,”heyelledback.“Wehaven’tevenbeguntocollecttheberries.”
Take-HomeWorksheet
26 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Akandowalkedbackandsatdownbesidemeontheground.“Wanttoplayagame?”heasked.
“Yes.Whatgame?”Irepliedeagerly.
“We’llplayaguessinggame,”Akandoreplied.“Now,turnawayuntilIsayyoucanlook.”
AkandowasverybossybutIlovedhim.Healwaysstuckupformewhensomeofthechildreninthevillageteasedme.
“Okay,ready!”saidAkando.
Iturnedaroundtoseethatthreelarge,autumnaloakleaveshadbeenplacedontheground.AkandohadplacedastoneunderoneofthemandIhadtoguesswhichone.Ionlyhadoneguess.Wewoulddothisthreetimes,thenwewouldswitchandAkandowouldhavetoguess.Healwaysbeatme.
“Theoneinthemiddle,”Isaidhopefully.
“Wrong!”exclaimedAkando.“It’stheoneontheleft,”hesaidashelifteduptheleaftorevealthestone.
Mynextguesswasalsowrong,butmythirdandfinalguesswascorrect.
“Now,it’syourturn,”Isaid.
Asalways,Akandobeatme.Hegottwooutofthreeguessesright.
“Okay,let’sgo,”hesaid,urgingmeon.“Thesoonerwegatherallthatwecan,thesoonerwecanreturnhome.”
“Iguess,”IsaidbutIcontinuedtositontheground.
“Lateron,ifyoulike,Iwillshowyouhowtobeatmeintheguessinggame,”Akandooffered,tryingtospurmeon.
Itworked.
“Really?”Iasked,jumpingtomyfeetandpickingupmybasket.
“Really!”Akandoreplied.“Butfirstyouhavetofillthatbasket!”
“Okay,”Isaid,smilingathim.
Then,Igrabbedmybrother’shandandwalkedwithhimbeneaththecanopyofred-,gold-,andcopper-coloredleaves.
Unit 8 27© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 4.1
Alemeda, the Basket Weaver
1. Whichcharacterfromadifferentchapterusedabaskettoholdthings?
A. Etu
B. Aponi
C. Awan
D. Adoette
2. WhydidAlemedahideinthebeginningofthechapter?(Youmayanswerin“note-taking”formasashortanswer.)
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3. WhydidAlemeda’sgrandmothersaytheyhadtofinishthebaskets?
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28 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
4. WhatdidGrandmotherthinkwhenshewasAlemeda’sage?
A. Shewouldratherlearnhowtohuntthanweavebaskets.
B. Shewouldratherharvestcornthanweavebaskets.
C. Shewouldratherhidethanweavebaskets.
D. Shewouldratherchaseherdogthanweavebaskets.
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5. WhyarebasketssoimportanttoAlemeda’speople?
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6. Writeasummaryofthischapter.
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Unit 8 29© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 4.2
Practice Possessive Pronouns
Underline the possessive noun in each sentence. Write the sentence, replacing the possessive noun with a possessive pronoun from the box.
my your his her its our their
Example: The students’ artwork decorated the walls. Their artwork decorated the walls.
1. Sally’snameisprintedonthefrontofthebookshewrote.
__________________________________________________________________________________
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2. Myfamily’shouseisattheendofalongstreet.
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3. Manypeoplebeginpeople’scareersinschoolandcontinueforyears.
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4. Thehouse’scoatofpaintispeelingandneedsattention.
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30 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
5. [Insertyournamewithanapostrophe]homeworkisfinishedandnowIcanplay!
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6. [Insertthenameofonefriendwithanapostrophe]homeworkisalsofinishedandnowwecanplaytogether!
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7. Mr.Brown’scarisredwithawhiteracingstripe.
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Unit 8 31© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 4.3
Suffixes –ish and –ness
Replace each underlined definition with the word that matches it. Write the word, the part of speech, and the suffix under each sentence.
stylish darkness kindness selfish foolish
sadness quickness snobbish sickness loneliness
1. Whenherfriendsarrivedforaweekendvisit,sheforgotallaboutherstateorconditionofbeingwithoutothersfromthenightbefore.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
2. Itisahavingthecharacteristicsoforlikeanindividualacttoonlygotoeventswithfriendswhenyougettopicktheevents.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
3. ThestateorconditionofbeingwithoutmuchlightmadeitdifficultforRobbytoseeifhisdogwasinthebackyardornot.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
32 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
4. Shewasovercomewithstateorconditionofbeingnothappywhenshelearnedthatherbestfriendwasmovingtoanotherstate.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
5. Herhavingthecharacteristicsorlikesomeonewhothinksheorsheisbetterthanothersattitudemadeitdifficulttoworkwithherbecausesheneverthoughotherpeople’sideasweregoodcomparedtohers.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
6. Thestateorconditionofwantingtohelpothersanddogoodthingsofastrangerwhoopenedthedoorforherwhileshewasoncrutchesreallymadeherdaygreat.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
7. Therewasahavingthecharacteristicsoforlikesomeonewhoisridiculousandactswithoutgoodsenseorjudgmentfanatthebaseballgamewhostoodupanddidfunnydanceseverytimeagoodplayhappened.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
Unit 8 33© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 4.3
continued
8. Thestateorconditionofbeingfastwithwhichthedeerranacrossthefieldsurprisedusaswehikedalongthetrailinthepark.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
9. Herhavingthecharacteristicsorlikethewaypeopleactanddressataparticulartimeappearancealwaysimpressedpeopleshemetandmadeagoodimpressionwherevershewent.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
10.Duringthewintermonths,thereismorestateorconditionofbeingill,notfeelingwellgoingaroundthanduringthesummermonths.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
34 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Unit 8 35© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Word Sort
Identify the headers. Read the words in the box and circle the vowels that have the /ə/ sound. Write the words under each header that match the header’s spelling pattern.
‘a’ > /ə/ ‘e’ > /ə/
curable among problems Chinese oven
parakeet hen broken acre delegate
allow elegance Amos pencil enjoy
pleasant brazen burger huggable able
Name: 4.4
36 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Unit 8 37© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 4.5
“Alemeda, the Basket Weaver”“Alemeda!Whereareyou?”mymothercalled.
Ididnotanswer.Instead,Icreptaroundthecornerofourhomeandhid.Iwaitedandwatchedinthecoolingshade.Iheldmybreath.Iwasjustabouttoclosemyeyeswhenalizardracedacrossmybarefeet.Ittickled.
“She’shidingfromyou,”myyoungerbrotherKeleannounced.“She’soverthere,”hesaid,pointingtowardsme.
IdidnotreplybutstuckmytongueoutatKele.Hewasalwaysgettingmeintotrouble.
“Alemeda,weneedyou.Wehaveworktodo.Wemustfinishthebaskets,”mymothersaid,asImademywaytowardsher.Shewasnotangrybutitwasclearthatshewasnotgoingtoletmeplay.Ihadworktodo.
Iwalkedslowlytowardstheshadedareathatmyfatherhadconstructedoutofwoodenpolesandacovering.IkickedatthedirtasIwalked.Therewereseveralofthesestructuresscatteredaroundourvillage.Womencouldbefoundsittingunderthemweavingbasketsofvariousshapesandsizes.Theyalsocreatedawholehostofotherthings.Mencouldbefoundsittingtogethershapingtoolsforhuntingandfarming.
Allofthewomeninourvillagemadebaskets.Basketswereveryimportantbecausetheywereusedforcarryingwater,forstoringgrain,fruits,nuts,andberries,andevenforcooking.
“Sitnearme,”mygrandmothersaidasIcameandstoodbesideher.
Isigheddeeplyandthrewmyselfdownonthegroundnexttoher.
ShesmiledandhandedmethebasketIhadbeguntomakethedaybefore.
“Ourpeoplehavebeenmakingthesebasketssincetimebegan,”shesaid.“Thisskillhasbeenhandeddownfromonegenerationtothenext.Itisimportantthatyoulearnit,Alemeda.”
“Iknow,”Ireplied,andthenIsighedagain.“ButIwouldratherlearnhowtohuntthanweavebaskets,”Iadmitted.
Mygrandmotherlaughedoutloud.“WhenIwasyourage,Ithoughtthesamething,”shereplied.
Take-HomeWorksheet
38 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
“Really?”Iasked,lookingatherwise,oldface.“Then,whyareyoumakingmedoit?”Iaskedeagerly,wonderingiftherewasawayout.
Grandmotherlookedatmeforafewmomentsbeforeshereplied.Thensheasked,“Whenyouhunt,orfish,orevenfarm,whatareyougoingtodowiththefoodyouhaveprovided?”
“Eatit!”Iexclaimedcheerfully.
“Butwecan’teateverythingatonce,”shechuckled.“Wemustsavethecornweharvest.Wemustdrysomeofthemeatwehuntfor,wemuststorethefruitsandberrieswegather.Wemuststorethisfoodsafelysothatwecansurviveduringthetimewhenthesunhasturnedawayfromus.Youwillcometosee,Alemeda,howimportantitistolearnthisskill.Now,rememberwhatItoldyouyesterday.Allcoiledbasketsaremadefromplantsthatbendeasily.Plantssuchasyucca,splitwillow,rabbitbrush,orskunkbrusharethebest.”
“Iremember,”Isaid,stillnotconvincedthatIwouldn’tbehappierhunting.“Isthatwhywecanalsomakerope,sandals,mats,andevenclothesoutoftheseplantsthatbendeasily?”Iasked,tryingnottosoundtoointerested.
“Yes,theseplantshavemanyuses.Butitisourskillasweaversthatenablesustomakethesethings.Plus,Alemeda,youwanttogetmarrieddon’tyou?”sheaskedassherevealedalargetoothygrin.
“No,”Irepliedimmediately.
Mygrandmotherexplodedwithloudlaughter.
“Well,incaseyoueverchangeyourmind,yourskillasaweavermightgetyounoticedbyanyoneofthoseboysthatyouliketogohuntingwith,”shecontinued,hereyesshiningwithdelight.
“Yuck,”Isaidbywayofareply,andthenIspatinthedirttomakemypointevenmoreclearly.
“Well,justincaseyouchangeyourmind,wehadbettergettowork,”Grandmothersaidwithachuckle.Then,togetherwebegantoweavethebasketsthatmypeoplehadbeenmakingsincetimebegan.
Unit 8 39© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 5.1
Spelling Assessment
As your teacher calls out the words, write them under the correct header.
‘e’ > /ə/ ‘a’ > /ə/
__________________ __________________
__________________ __________________
__________________ __________________
__________________ __________________
__________________ __________________
__________________ __________________
__________________ __________________
__________________ __________________
__________________ __________________
__________________ __________________
Challenge Word:__________________
Challenge Word:__________________
Content Word:__________________
40 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Dictated Sentences
1. __________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
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2. __________________________________________________________________________________
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Unit 8 41© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 5.2
Alo, the Spirit Giver
1. Whatdothekachinasgovern?
A. themoon,thestars,andthethunderousheavens
B. thecrops
C. thehealthoftheHopipeople
D. alloftheabove
Page_____
2. WhyistheBeanDanceCeremonyoneofthemostimportantceremonies?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
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3. Only_____________________inthevillagecanwearthespecialkachinaclothingandmasks.
42 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
4. DescribewhatthosewhodressastheAholiKachinaspiritwear.
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5. HowoldmustaboybetoparticipateintheBeanDanceCeremony?(Youmayanswerin“note-taking”form.)
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6. ListthethingsAlo’sfatherhasnotbeenabletodothisyearbecausehehasbeensick.
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Page _____
Unit 8 43© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 5.3
’s
s’
44 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Unit 8 45© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 5.4
Dictionary Skills
Use the following portion of a dictionary page to answer the questions below.
wind1.[wiend]verbTowrapsomethingaroundsomethingelse.2.[wiend]verbToturnaknobaroundtomakeamachinework3.[wiend]verbTomoveinacurvyway.4.[wind]nounThebreathananimalhasinitslungs.5.[wind]nounThemovementofair.
1.Whattwopronunciationsfortheentrywordwindareshown?_______________________
2.Whattwopartsofspeecharelistedforwind?________________________
3.Whichdefinitionofwindisusedinthefollowingsentence?
Thewindisblowinggentlytoday.__________
Whatpartofspeechiswindinthissentence?__________
4.Whichdefinitionofwindisusedinthefollowingsentence?
Theriverwindsdownthemountainsandemptiesintotheocean.__________
Whatpartofspeechiswindsinthissentence?__________
5.Whichdefinitionofwindisusedinthefollowingsentence?
Momsaid,“Windthescarfaroundyournecktokeepyouwarm.__________
Whatpartofspeechiswindinthissentence?__________
46 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
6.&7.Writesentencesusingthedefinitionsforwindnotpreviouslyused.
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Unit 8 47© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 6.1
Meda and Flo, the Forest Children
1. Whatarethegirlsdoingattheverybeginningofthechapter?
A. makingmaplesyrup
B. racing
C. preparingforahunt
D. helpinganinjuredcrow
2. WhatdoesFlo’sfamilydoeveryyearatthebeginningofspring?
A. setupcampinthemountains
B. setupcampinthemapletreeforest
C. setupcampbythelake
D. setupcamponthegrassyhills
3. ListtheplaceswhereFlo’sfamilylivesduringeachseason.
Spring:______________________________________
Summer:____________________________________
Fall:________________________________________
Winter:_____________________________________
48 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
4. WhywereFloandothersluckythisyear?
A. Thecampfiredidnotburntheirhome.
B. Thewinterwaswetandleftthegroundmoistforplantingseeds.
C. Thewinterwindsandsnowfallhadnotdestroyedtheirwigwamframes.
D. Nooneelsehadcollectedsapfromthemapletreesintheforest.
5. Whatdoessaplooklikewheniffirstcomesoutofthemapletree?
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6. Whatarethecontainersmadeofthatholdthesap?
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_____________________________________________________________________________
7. Whichothercharactershaveusedbasketstoholdorcollectthings?
A. AkandoandAponi
B. Etu
C. Alo
D. noneoftheabove
Unit 8 49© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 6.2
Dear Family Member,
Pleasehelpyourchildsucceedinspellingbytakingafewminuteseacheveningtoreviewthewordstogether.Helpfulactivitiesforyourchildtodoinclude:spellingthewordsorally,writingsentencesusingthewords,orsimplycopyingthewords.
Spelling Words
Thisweek,wearereviewingspellingpatternsfor/ə/+/l/spelled‘al’,‘le’,and‘el’,and/sh/+/ə/+/n/spelled‘tion’thatwehavealreadylearned.OnFriday,yourchildwillbeassessedonthesewords.
StudentshavebeenassignedtwoChallengeWords,importantandchildren.ChallengeWordsarewordsusedveryoften.TheChallengeWordsdonotfollowthespellingpatternsforthisweekandneedtobememorized.
TheContentWordforthisweekisceremonial.ThiswordisdirectlyrelatedtothematerialthatwearereadinginNative American Stories.TheContentWordisanoptionalspellingwordforyourchild.Ifyourchildwouldliketotryitbutgetsitincorrect,itwillnotcountagainsthimorherontheassessment.Weencourageeveryonetostretchthemselvesabitandtrytospellthisword.
Take-HomeWorksheet
50 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Thespellingwords,includingtheChallengeWordsandtheContentWord,arelistedbelow:
1. channel
2. hospital
3. scuttle
4. addition
5. generation
6. freckle
7. autumnal
8. vowel
9. wobble
10. rustle
11. nation
12. subtraction
13. funnel
14. travel
15. festival
16. trial
17. trickle
18. celebration
19. Challenge Word:important
20. Challenge Word:children
Content Word:ceremonial
Student Reader
ThechaptersyourchildwillreadthisweekinNative American Storiesincludestoriesaboutforestchildrenandadogtrainer.Additionalchaptersyourchildmayreadincludeastoryaboutthechildrenofacornfestival,anIroquoistaleaboutagreatbear,andanInuitmythabouthowacrowbroughtdaylighttopeoplelivingindarkness.Besuretoaskyourchildeacheveningaboutwhatheorsheislearning.
StudentswilltakehometextcopiesofthechaptersintheReaderthroughouttheunit.Encouragingstudentstoreadatextdirectlyrelatedtothisdomain-basedunitwillprovidecontentandvocabularyreinforcement.Pleaseremindyourchildthattheglossarycanbeusedforfindingthemeaningoftheboldedwords.
Unit 8 51© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 6.3
“Alo, the Spirit Giver”Hello!MynameisAlo.Iamaten-year-oldHopi[hoe-pee]boy.Welcometomy
village.
Itsnowedlastnight,justenoughtocovermyfeet.Thesnowdidnotstayonthegroundforlongthough.Thewarmthofthemorningsunmelteditall.Myyoungerbrothersandsistershadhopedtoplayinit.Theyweredisappointedtoseetheshimmeringblanketofsnowdisappearsoquicklyintothethirstyearth.
Todayisanimportantdayformypeople.TodayistheBeanDanceCeremony.Thespirits,orasmypeoplecallthem,kachinas[kots-ee-nos],havearrivedonEarth.Theylefttheirhomeonthetallmountainsonthedarkestdayoftheyearandcametous.Thatwasseveralweeksago.Fromthatdayuntilthedaywhenthesunshineslongestinthesky,theywillstaywithus.Theyareourguardians.Longago,theylivedhereonEarthandtaughtushowtohunt,gather,andfarm.Then,theyleftusbutagreedtoreturnforhalfoftheyear.
Incaseyoudonotknow,thewordkachinameans‘fatheroflife’.Forus,livingaswedointhehot,ariddesertlandsofourforefathers,wecouldnotsurviveherewithoutthehelpofthespirits—thekachinas.KachinascareforeverylivingthingonEarth,andalllivingthingsgotothespiritworldwhentheydie.Soyousee,kachinasareactuallythespiritsofeverythingthathaseverlived.Theygovernthemoon,thestars,thethunderousheavens,andthecrops,aswellasourhealth.Manyofthekachinasareourancestorswhohavebecomethecloudspiritsthatbringusrain.
Oncertaindaysoftheyear,thekachinastakeusonajourneyintothespiritworld.TodayissuchadayandIwillatlastmakethatjourney.IwilltakepartintheBeanDanceCeremony.Thisisoneofourmostimportantceremonies.Today,thepeopleofmyvillagewillaskthespiritstohelpusasweonceagainpreparetheearthforplanting.Wewillaskespeciallyforthegiftofrain.Ihaveofferedmany,manyprayerfeathersandgiftsofcornseedtothespiritsinpreparationforthisceremony.Mymothernowcallsmethe‘spiritgiver’.
Ondayssuchastoday,boysfromtheageoftentotheeldersinourvillagewearspecialkachinaclothingandfacemasks.Onlyboysandmencandothis.Thespecialclothingandmasksrepresentspirits.Theseitemsrevealwhatspiritwearegoingtobecome.Foryousee,whenwetakepartintheseceremonies,andwearthespecialclothingandmasks,weactuallybecomethosespirits.
Take-HomeWorksheet
52 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Perhapsyoucouldcometotheceremony.Ifyoucancome,paycloseattentiontotheAholiKachinaspirit.ThatistheHopirainspirit.Theboysandmenwhowillbecomethatspiritwillwearmulti-coloredcloaksandmayevencarrywands.Theywillwearbrightbluemasksorheaddresses.Theywillholdrattlesmadefromgourds.Whentheyshaketherattles,itsoundslikerainfalling.Often,withinhoursoftheceremony,rainwillactuallybegintofall.
Iwillnotbeaskingforrainthough.Myfatherisveryillandsotoday,IwillbecometheBearKachina.TheBearKachinacancurethesickandwhenIbecomethatspirit,Iwillmakemyfatherwellagain.Ifyoucometotheceremony,youwillknowmebythemaskthathasthebearpawprintsoneithercheek.
ItismyfirsttimeinsuchanimportantceremonyandImustdomybest.Imustcuremyfather.Thisyearhewasnotwellenoughtomakethekachinadollsformysisters.Myunclehadtodothatforthem.Weneedhimtobewellagainsoon.Mybrothersandsisterswanttoplaywithhim.Iwanttohelphimpreparethefieldsandplantandharvestthebeansandcornwegroweachyear.Oh,butImustgonow.Itistime.Ifyoucancome,pleaselookforme,butdonotcalloutmyspiritname.Thatwillbringbadluck.
Unit 8 53© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 6.4
“Meda and Flo, the Forest Children”“Flo,I’llraceyoutothattreeoverthere,”saidMeda,pointingtooneofthemaple
trees.
“Okay,”Isaidconfidently.Iwasoneofthefastestrunnersamongthegirlsofmyageinourvillage.IwonderedwhyMedawasevenchallengingmetoarace.
Immediately,Medaflewlikeanarrowstraighttowardhertarget.Shewasclearlyhopingthataquickstartwouldgiveheranadvantageoverme.However,likeashootingstarthatburstsacrossthenightsky,Iwasonherheelsinnotime.Justbeforewereachedthetree,Ipassedherandtouchedthetreetrunk.
“Iwon,”Iexclaimed.“You’reprettyfastthough,Meda,”Iadmitted.“Consideringyouareayearyoungerthanme,thatwasquitearace!”
“Yes!Thistimenextyear,whenwereturntothemapletreeforest,I’llbeabletobeatyou,”Medasaidconfidently,whileatthesametimegrinningatme.
Igrinnedback.“I’llstillbeayearolderthanyou,”Isaidrisingtothechallenge.
“Iknow.You’llalwaysbethat.ButIhaveafeelingthatthistimenextyear,Iwillbetallerthanyou,”sherepliedasifshewerestatingafact.
“Well,we’llseeaboutthat,”IrepliedasIeyedherfeet.Theywerealreadybiggerthanmineandshewasonlyathumbsizeshorterthanme.Icouldn’thelpthinkingthatshemightberight,butIwasn’tgoingtoadmitit.
Thiswasmyfavoritetimeofyearbyfar.Itwasthetimeofyearwhentheeaglesbuilttheirspringnests.Thechickadeesmadetheirstrange,eeriecallintheearlymorning.Thesnowwasmeltingallaroundandtreebudswereemergingdaily.
Thiswasalsothetimeofyearwhenmyfamily,alongwithmyunclesandauntsandtheirchildren,setupcampinthemapletreeforest.Wedidthiseveryyearatthebeginningofspring.Weleftoursummerandwintervillageandreturnedtoourcampintheforest.Inthefallwecampednearthefieldsweplantedourcropsin.
Wealwaysreturnedtothesamemapleforestcamp.Itwasagood-sizedclearingencircledbyalargenumberofmapletreesandbirchtrees.Wereturnedhereeachyeartocollectthesapfromthemapletreesandturnitintothesweetsyrupthatwealllovedsomuch.
Thisyearwewerelucky.Thewinterwindsandfrequentsnowfallhadnotdestroyed
Take-HomeWorksheet
54 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
ourwigwamframesfromthepreviousyear.Weonlyhadtowrapthedeerskinthatwehadcarriedwithusaroundtheframes.Afterwemadeourcampfire,thechildrenhadachancetoplaybeforetherealworkbegan.
Onceweweresettled,themenwouldusetheiraxestomakesmall,deepcutsinthetrunksofthemapletrees.Then,wewouldwaitforthesaptotrickleout.Asitdid,thewomenandchildrenwouldfunnelthesapintobirchbasketsorclaypots.Weusedcurvedpiecesofcedarwoodorhollowed-outsumacstemsasfunnels.
Sapfromthemapletreelookslikewaterwhenitfirsttricklesoutfrominsidethetree.Oncethesapiscollected,mymotherandauntscookitinaclaypot.Sometimes,theyputthepotrightontheopencampfire.Othertimes,theyputred-hotrocksrightintotheclaypots.Afteryou’vecookeditforawhile,thesapturnsintosweetsyrup.Ifyoukeeponcookingit,thesapturnsintosugar.
Duringthistime,theoldergirlsalsocollectbirchbark.Theystripthebarkfromthetreesandpoundituntilitcanbeshapedandmoldedintostoragecontainersordishes.Themenandboysbusythemselveshuntingandfishing.Intheevening,weallspendtimetogetheraroundthecampfireexchangingstories.
“Comeon,Flo,”yelledMeda,whohadwanderedofftowatchthemenatwork.“Icansmelldinnercooking.”
Shewasright.Thesucculentsmellofdeermeatwaftedupintothecrispeveningair.
“Raceyouback,”Iannounced.ThistimeItookofflikeanarrowshotfrommyfather’sbow.
Unit 8 55© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 7.1
Yutu, the Dog Trainer
1. ListthefeaturesofthesleddogsthathelpthemliveinthefrozenlandoftheInuits.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Page______
2. Compareandcontrastbenefitsofthedifferenttowlines.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
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Page______
56 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
3. WhydidYutuhavetotrainMikiinsteadofherfathertrainingMiki?
A.Mikididnotlikebeinghitchedtoatowline.
B.Mikiwassmallandsicklyforthefirstfewweeksofhislife.
C.Yutu’sfatherhadtoomanydogstotrainalready.
D.Yutu’sfathergaveYututhetaskoftrainingMiki.
4. Whenthedogsareyoung,theyarelesswillingtoworktogetherandmustbetaught______________________________________________________.
Page______
5. Howdoesthesleddrivergetthedogstodoanything?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
6. Thischapteristoldfrom______________’spointofview.
Unit 8 57© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 7.2
Compare and Contrast Native American Groups
Fill in the chart to compare two groups of Native Americans that you have read about in Native American Stories.
“Etu, the Hunter” Topic “Akando and Aponi, the Gatherers”
Where is home, what is climate?
Clothing?
How do they get food?
What else is important to the character(s)?
Waysthetwogroupsaresimilar:
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
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58 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Waysthetwogroupsaredifferent:
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
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Unit 8 59© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 7.3
“Yutu, the Dog Trainer”“Comehere,Miki,”Icalled.Mikihadbeentheruntofthelitter.Hehadbeenpuny
andsicklyforthefirstweeksofhislife.Myfatherwassurethathewoulddie.Ifedhimandkepthimwarm,sometimessneakinghimintomycozybedatnight.IgavehimtheInuit[in-ue-it]nameforsmall.
Mikiwaggedhistailandscamperedtowardme.Then,heploppeddownrightonmyfeetandrestedhisheadonthesnow.
WhenMiki’sbrothersandsisterswereoldenoughtobeweanedfromtheirmother,myfatherbegantotrainthemtobesleddogs.Mypeople,theInuit,areexpertdogsledtrainers.That’sbecauseweliveinalandthatisfrozenforalargepartoftheyear.So,werelyalotonourdogstohelpustravelandhunt.Inuitsleddogshavetobestrongandfast.WhenMikiwasyounger,hewasneitherofthesethings.Sleddogshavetopullheavyloadsandtravelacrosslongdistancesasspeedilyastheycan.WeInuitlivebyourwits.Wehuntandfishacrossthisfrozenland.Wetravelacrossthesnowandiceinoursledscraftedfrombonesorantlers,sealhide,andevenfrozensalmonskin.Webuildsnowhomesmadefromblocksofsnowaswego.
Ourdogshavetobeabletosniffoutsealbreathingholesorstandfirmwiththeotherdogswhentheycomeacrossapolarbear.Icouldn’timagineMikidoinganyofthesethings,buthewouldhaveto.Myfatherhadmadeitclearthathewouldhavetoearn his keep.Ihadgrownupwatchingmyfathertrainthedogs.Whenthedogsareyoung,theyarealwayseagertorun,buttheyarelesswillingtoworktogether.Theyhavetobetaughthowtopullthesledstogether,asateam.Myfatherknowsjusthowtotalktothem.Hisvoiceisfirmandtheyobeyhim.Thisisimportant.Whenthedogsarepullingthesleds,theymustallobeythecommandsgivenbythedriverofthesled.
Thereareanumberofwaystohitchthedogssothattheycanpullthesleds.Quiteoftentheyaretiedinpairstoasingletowline.Indeepsnow,sometimesitisbettertohavethedogspullthesledinasingleline.Thisway,theycanmakeapaththroughthesnow.Ifthesnowispackeddownhard,afanhitchisbest.Thismeansthatthedogsareattachedtothesledbytheirownindividualtowlines.
Thedogsthemselvesaremoreabletoliveinthisfrozenlandthanpeopleare.Theyhavethick,waterprooffurcoats.Theirearsareextrafurrytopreventfrostbite.Theirpawsarelargeandhavethickpadswithfur.Mikifrequentlyjumpsonmewithhisenormouspawsandknocksmeover.Theirlarge,bushytailscancurlaroundtheirfacesat
Take-HomeWorksheet
60 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
nightandkeepthemwarm.
OnceMikiwasstrongenough,Ibegantotrainhim.Atfirst,Iworkedwithhimonbasicobedience.Then,Iharnessedhimtoatowlineandhadhimpullsmallloadsofwrappedfursacrossthesnow.Theveryfirsttimehehadtopullsomething,heracedofflikeanarcticfox.Hethoughtwewereplayingagame.HesoonlearnedtopulllikeIneededhimto,though.Hewasalsosuperfast.IfeltsadforMiki.Ifhehadn’tbeensosickly,I’msurehecouldhavebeenaleaddog.
MyfatherhadwatchedmeasItrainedMiki.IthinkevenhewassurprisedbyhowwellMikiprogressed.Mikihadbeenbymysideeversincehewasasmallpuppy.Todaywasthedaythathewouldleaveme.Hewasgoingwithmyfatherandunclesonahuntingtrip.Theywouldbegoneforseveralweeks.
IbentdownandpattedMikionthehead.Heimmediatelysatupandlickedmyface.
“Begood,Miki.Dowhatyouaretold.Followtheotherdogsandlistentomyfather.Doyouhearme?”Isaidtohim.Mikilookedrightatmeandwaggedhistail.Then,myfathercameandledhimaway.
Unit 8 61© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Unit 8 Assessment
Geronimo: His Own Story
Geronimo was a famous Apache Indian. He fought for his people in many wars. He fought against American settlers. He fought against Mexican settlers, too. In the end, the Apache people were defeated. Geronimo had to spend the rest of his life on a reservation. When he was an old man, Geronimo told the story of his life. It was published as Geronimo: His Own Story. The following is his description of his youth.
IwasborninNo-doyohnCanyon,Arizona,inJune,1829.
InthatcountrywhichliesaroundtheheadwatersoftheGilaRiver,Iwasreared.Thisrangewasourfatherland.Amongthesemountainsourwigwamswerehidden.Thescatteredvalleyscontainedourfields.Theboundlessprairies,stretchingawayoneveryside,wereourpastures.Therockycavernswereourburyingplaces.
Iwasthefourthinafamilyofeightchildren.Asababe,Irolledonthedirtfloorofmyfather’stepee.Iwaswarmedbythesun,rockedbythewinds,andshelteredbythetreesasotherIndianbabes.
Mymothertaughtmethelegendsofourpeople.Shetaughtmeofthesunandsky,themoonandstars,thecloudsandstorms.Shealsotaughtmetokneelandprayforstrength,health,wisdom,andprotection.
Myfathertoldmeofthebravedeedsofourwarriors.Hetoldmeofthejoysofthechaseandthegloriesofthewarpath.
Withmybrothersandsisters,Iplayedaboutmyfather’shome.Sometimes,weplayedathide-and-seekamongtherocksandpines.Sometimes,wesatintheshadeorwentlookingforberrieswhileourparentsworkedinthefield.Sometimes,wepretendedthatwewerewarriors,sneakinguponsomeimaginaryenemy.Sometimes,wewouldhidefromourmomtoseeifshecouldfindus.Sometimes,wewouldstayhiddenformanyhours.
Whenwewereolder,wewenttothefieldwithourparents—nottoplay,buttowork.Whenthecropsweretobeplanted,webrokethegroundwithwoodenhoes.Weplantedthecorninstraightrows.Weplantedbeans,melons,andpumpkinstoo.
Ourfieldusuallycontainedabouttwoacresofground.Thefieldswereneverfenced.
8.1Name:
62 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Manyfamiliesfarmedinthesamevalley.Allofthemwouldhelpprotectthecropsfromdeerandotherwildanimals.
Melonsweregatheredastheywereneeded.Inthefall,pumpkinsandbeansweregatheredandplacedinbagsorbaskets.Earsofcornweretiedtogetherbythehusks,thencarriedonthebacksofponiesuptoourhomes.Here,thecornwasshelled.Then,theharvestwasstoredawayincavesorothersecludedplacestobeusedinwinter.
Wedidnotgrowtobacco,butfounditgrowingwild.Thiswecutandcuredinthefall.AllIndianssmoked—menandwomen.Noboywasallowedtosmokeuntilhehadhuntedaloneandkilledlargegame—wolvesandbears.Unmarriedwomenwerenotprohibitedfromsmoking.Buttheywereconsideredimmodestiftheydidso.Nearlyallmarriedwomensmoked.
Smallchildrenworeverylittleclothinginwinterandnoneinthesummer.Womenusuallyworeaskirt,whichconsistedofapieceofcottonclothfastenedaboutthewaistandextendingtotheknees.Menworeloinclothsandmoccasins.Inwinter,theyhadshirtsandleggingsaswell.
WhenIwasabouttenyearsold,Ibegantofollowthechase.Tome,thiswasneverwork.Outontheprairieswanderedherdsofdeer,antelope,elk,andbuffalo.
Usually,wehuntedbuffaloonhorseback.Wekilledthebuffalowitharrowsandspears.Theirskinswereusedtomaketepeesandbedding.Theirfleshwasusedforfood.
Itrequiredmoreskilltohuntdeer.Wewouldspendhourssneakingupongrazingdeer.Iftheywereintheopen,wewouldcrawllongdistancesontheground.Sometimes,wewouldkeepweedsorbrushbeforeus,sothatourapproachwouldnotbenoticed.Oftenwecouldkillseveraldeerbeforetheotherswouldrunaway.Theirfleshwasdriedandpackedinvessels.Itwouldkeepthiswayformanymonths.Weusedthedeerskinaswell.Perhapsnootheranimalwasmorevaluabletousthanthedeer.
In1846,beingseventeenyearsofage,Iwasadmittedtothecouncilofthewarriors.IwasveryhappyforIcouldgowhereverIwantedanddowhateverIliked.Ihadnotbeenunderthecontrolofanyindividual,butthecustomsofourtribeprohibitedmefromsharingthegloriesofthewarpathuntilthecounciladmittedme.Whenopportunityofferedafterthis,Icouldgoonthewarpathwithmytribe.Ihopedsoontoservemypeopleinbattle.Ihadlongdesiredtofightwithourwarriors.
Unit 8 63© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: X.X
1. Thisselectionistoldfrom______________________’spointofview.
2. Describethefeaturesofthelandwherethenarratorgrewup.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
3. Listitemsthenarratorandhisfamilygrewintheirfields.
____________________________ ____________________________
____________________________ ____________________________
4. Whywasthedeermorevaluabletothenarratorandhispeoplethananyotheranimal?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
8.1 continued
64 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
5. Whathadthenarratorlongdesiredtodo?
A. plantcropsinthefields
B. fightwiththewarriorsofthetribe
C. explorethelandwherehegrewup
D. learnthelegendsofhispeople
6. Writeasummaryofthenarrator’syouth.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
7. Ifthenarratoractedwithquicknesstokillseveraldeerbeforetheotherswouldrunaway,whatdoesthatmeanhedid?
A. actedinthestateorconditionofbeingwithoutmuchlight
B. actedinthestateorconditionofbeingwithoutothers
C. actedinthestateorconditionofbeingfast
D. actedinthestateorconditionofbeinghealthy
Unit 8 65© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: X.X
8.&9.Rewritethesentences,changingthegroupsofwordsinparenthesestoincludepluralpossessivenouns.
(The bicycles belonging to my cousins) are all painted red.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Lined up neatly on the bookshelf are (the science books belonging to the students).
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
10.Whattwopronunciationsarelistedfor tearinthefollowingbox?
tear1.[teer]nounadropofclear,saltyliquidthatcomesfromtheeye.2.[taer]nounaripinapieceofpaperorfabric.3.[taer]verbtopullapartbyforce.
____________________________ ____________________________
8.1 continued
66 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Fire: A Cherokee MythInthebeginning,therewasnofire.Theworldwascoldandsoweretheanimalswho
livedinit.
Then,theThunders,wholiveupintheskies,sentdowntheirlightning.Thelightningstruckasycamoretreethatgrewonanislandandafirebegantoburninthehollowpartofthetree.
Theanimalsknewthefirewasthere.Theycouldseethesmoke.Theycouldsmellit,too.Buttheywerenotsurehowtogetthefire.Theyheldacounciltodecidewhattodo.
“Iwillgoandgetthefire,”saidtheRaven.“Iambigandstrong.Icandothejob!”
SotheRavensetofftogetthefire.Heflewacrosstotheislandandlandedonthesycamoretree.Heperchedonthetreeandstartedthinkingaboutwhattodonext.Butwhilehewasthinking,thesmokeroseupfrombelowandscorchedhisfeathers.TheRavenwasscared.Heflewbackwithoutthefireandhisfeathershavebeenblackeversince.
“Iwillgetthefire,”saidthelittleScreechOwl.
Heflewovertotheislandandlandednexttothetree.Butjustthen,agreatgustofhotaircameshootingoutofthetree.ThehotairsingedtheScreechOwl’seyessobadlyhecouldbarelysee.Heflewback,butitwasalongtimeuntilhecouldseewellandhiseyesarestillred,eventoday.
“Iwillgetthefire,”saidtheHootingOwl.
Sheflewover,butbythetimeshegotthere,thefirewasburningbrightly.Thesmokenearlyblindedherandtheashesleftherwithwhiteringsaroundhereyes.Sherubbedandrubbed,butshecouldnotrubofftherings.SotheHootingOwlhaswhiteringsaroundhereyes,eventoday.
“Iwillgetthefire,”saidthelittleBlackRacerSnake.
Heslitheredintothewaterandswamtotheisland.Then,hecrawledthroughthegrassuntilhegottothesycamoretree.Heslitheredintoalittleholeatthebottomofthetree.Butthesmokeandfireweretoomuchforhimtostand.Heslitheredoutandbegandartingbackandforthtoshakeofftheashes.HisbodywasscorchedandblackenedandthatiswhyheisknownastheBlackRacerSnake.
Well,afterthis,theanimalshadanothercouncil.Mostofthefour-footedanimalswereafraidtogototheisland.Theyallshooktheirheads.
Unit 8 67© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: X.X
Atlast,theWaterSpidersaidshewouldgo.Shehadblackhairandredstripesonherbody.Shecouldrunontopofthewatersoshewouldbeabletogettotheisland.Buthowwouldshebringbackthefire?Thatwaswhattheotheranimalswantedtoknow.
“Iwillmanage,”saidtheWaterSpider.
TheWaterSpiderwentdancingacrossthewater.Shescampereduptothesycamoretree.Then,shebegantospinatinythreadfromherbelly.Shewovethethreadintoalittlebowlandfastenedthebowltoherback.Shebackeduptothecoalsandgotonelittlecoaltofallintoherbowl.Then,shehurriedbackacrossthewater.
Eversincethen,wehavehadfireandtheWaterSpiderhascarriedalittlebowlonherback.
8.1 continued
68 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
11. Usingthenumbers1–5,arrangethefollowingcharacterstoshowwhatordertheywentintotryandgetthefire.
________WaterSpider________ScreechOwl________BlackRacerSnake________HootingOwl________Raven
12. Whatdoesthewordhollowmeaninthefollowingsentencefromtheselection?
Thelightningstruckasycamoretreethatgrewonanislandandafirebegantoburninthehollowpartofthetree.
A. fullB. charredC. emptyD. sharp
13. WhywasithardforalltheanimalsexceptfortheWaterSpidertogetthefire?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
14. Whichtwoanimalsturnedblackwhiletryingtogetthefire?_______________________and__________________________
Unit 8 69© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: X.X8.1 continued
15. Whatdoesthewordsingedmeaninthefollowingsentencefromtheselection?
Thehotair singed theScreechOwl’seyessobadlyhecouldbarelysee.
A. cooledB. burnedC. waftedD. cleaned
16. Whydidtheanimalswanttogetthefire?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
17. Whatcausedthefiretostart?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
18. Whichwordwiththesuffix–ablecoulddescribethefireintheanimals’opinion?
A. predictable
B. wearable
C. chewable
D. valuable
70 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
19.&20.Rewritethesentences,changingtheunderlinedphrasestopluralpossessivenouns.
Thepurplehatsofthewomenwereallshapeddifferently.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Thegymwasfullofthechildrenofthethird-gradeparents.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Unit 8 71© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: X.X8.1 continued
The Lion and His Advisors(A Fable from Aesop)
Onenight,theLionandtheLionessgotintoanargument.Allthroughthenight,theyroaredateachother,andtheirferociousroaringcouldbeheardamileaway.
“Youareworthless!”roaredtheLioness.“Youneverdoanything!MysistersandIdomostofthehunting.Allyoudoissleepandliearoundthedenallday!Ontopofitall,yourbreathsmellsbad!”
“Itdoesnot!”roaredthekingofthejungleinhisloudestvoice.But,assoonashesaidthis,theLionbegantowonder.Didhisbreathreallysmellbad?Hehadneversmelledhisownbreath.Wasitevenpossibletosmellyourownbreath?Howcouldhefindoutifhisbreathwassmelly?
Inthemorning,theLiondecidedtosendforthreeofhisadvisors,theSheep,theWolf,andtheFox.
HesummonedtheSheepintohisdenfirst.
“Sheep,”theLionsaid,“tellmeandtellmetruly.Doesmybreathsmellbad?”
TheSheepthoughttheLionwantedtoknowthetruth.
“YourMajesty,”theSheepsaid,“sinceyouhaveaskedmeforthetruth,Iwillnotconcealitfromyou.Yourbreathdoessmellbad.Infact,itsmellshorrible.”
ThatwasnotwhattheLionwantedtohear.HeroaredandgobbleduptheSheep.
Next,theLionsummonedtheWolf.
“Wolf,”hesaid,“tellmeandtellmetruly.Doesmybreathsmellbad?”
TheWolfthoughttheLionwouldbeupsettolearnthetruth.Hedecidedthiswasasituationinwhichitwouldbesmartertolie.
“YourMajesty!”saidtheWolf,“Ican’timaginewhereyougotsuchanidea.Yourbreathmostcertainlydoesnotsmellbad.Onthecontrary,itsmellswonderful!Why,yourbreathisasfreshasaspringbreezewaftingthroughavalleyoffragrantherbsandbloomingflowers!”
“Youlie!”saidtheLion.HeroaredandgobbleduptheWolf.
Then,theLionsummonedtheFox.
72 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
“Fox,”hesaid,“tellme,andtellmetruly.Doesmybreathsmellbad?”
“Ah-choo!”saidtheFox,pretendingtosneeze.Hewipedhisnoseandsaid,“Excuseme,YourMajesty.Ihaveaterriblecoldtoday.Mynoseisallstoppedup.I’mafraidIcan’tsmellathing.”
Moral:Awisemanknowswhentoremainsilent.
Unit 8 73© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: X.X8.1 continued
21. WhydidtheFoxpretendtobesickwhentheLionaskedifhisbreathsmelledbad?
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
22. Whatdoesthewordsummoned meaninthefollowingsentencefromtheselection?
HesummonedtheSheepintohisdenfirst.
A. calledB. scoldedC. cheeredD. watched
23. Arrangetheeventsinorderusingthenumbers1–5._______TheFoxsaidhehadacoldandcouldnotsmellanything.
_______TheSheeptoldtheLionhisbreathsmelledbad.
_______TheLionesstoldtheLionhisbreathsmellsbad.
_______TheWolftoldtheLionhisbreathdidnotsmellbad.
_______TheLionaskedsomeadvisorsabouthisbreath.
74 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
24. WhathappenedtoeachoftheLion’sadvisors?
theSheep:___________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
theWolf:____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
theFox:_____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
25. Writeasummaryofthisselection.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Unit 8 75© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 8.1
continued
26. Whydidtheauthorwritethisselection?
A. toscarepeoplewithinformationaboutlions
B. todescribewhatlionseat
C. toentertainpeoplewithastory
D. toinformpeopleaboutanimalsinthejungle
27. Whichofthefollowingwordswiththesuffix–ishmightbeusedtodescribetheLion’sbehavioraccordingtotheLioness?
A. stylishB. selfishC. feverishD. snobbish
28.&29.Rewritethesentences,replacingthepossessivenounswithpossessive pronouns.
Myfamily’snewcaristhetalkoftheneighborhood.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Myfamilyisonitswaytovisitmyaunt’soldhouse.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
76 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
30. Whichdefinitionoftearisusedinthefollowingsentenceandwhatpartofspeechisit?
tear1.[teer]nounadropofclear,saltyliquidthatcomesfromtheeye.2.[taer]nounaripinapieceofpaperorfabric.3.[taer]verbtopullapartbyforce.
Ifoundatearinmysoccershortsafterthegame._____________
Partofspeech:_______________
78 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
8.1 continued
–ablemeansable to be
enjoyable
valuable
chewable
wearable
Name: 8.2
Unit 8 79© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 8.3
–able: Suffix meaning “able to be”enjoyable—(adjective) able to take pleasure in something
valuable—(adjective) able to have its worth estimated
chewable—(adjective) able to be crushed and grinded with your teeth
wearable—(adjective) able to be put on your body as clothing
Write the correct word to complete each sentence.
believe enjoyable value chew
valuable chewable enjoy believable
1. Someonedonateda________________sculpturetotheartmuseumtobeputonpermanentdisplay.
2. Whenmeatistootough,itishardto______________andmyjawgetstired.
3. Ican’twaittogetoutsideand______________therarewarm,sunnyweatheratthistimeofyear.
4. Grandpamadeupavery_______________storyaboutafishingtripgonewrongthatallofusgrandchildrenreallythoughthappened.
80 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
5. DoyouthinktheoddcoinIfoundhassome_______________?
6. Sinceshehadliedtomeinthepast,Iwasn’tsurewhetherto_______________herlateststory.
7. ThegoodiebagIgotatthepartyhadamixofhardand_______________candy.
8. Writeyourownsentenceusingtheonewordleftinthebox.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit 8 81© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
82 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Word Shelf
–iblemeansable to be
reversible
accessible
forcible
flexible
Name: 8.4
Unit 8 83© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 8.5
–ible: Suffix Meaning able to be
reversible—(adjective) able to turn the opposite way or inside outflexible—(adjective) able to be moved or easily changedforcible—(adjective) able to make something happenaccessible—(adjective) able to get information or get through to something
Write the correct word to complete each sentence.
flex forcible access force
accessible flexible reverse reversible
1. Wewatchedalittleboyattheplayground________________hismusclestoshowhowstronghewas.
2. Therampmadethelibrary______________topeoplewhocouldnoteasilywalkupthesteps.
3. Ihadto______________thegateshuttolockitbecauseitwouldnotstayshutonitsown.
4. Mybrotherchoseto_______________theorderinwhichhedidhishomework,startingwithmathtodayinsteadofendingwithit.
84 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
5. Thedoortotheofficeshowedsignsof_______________entryaftertherobbery.
6. Icannot_______________thelibrary’scatalogonlinebecausetheInternetisnotworking.
7. MyplansforSaturdayare_______________andcanbeeasilychangedifweneedtotakecareofanything.
8. Writeyourownsentenceusingtheonewordleftinthebox._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit 8 85© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 8.6
The Taos PuebloApuebloisaNativeAmericanvillage.TheTaosPuebloislocatedinNewMexico.Thehouses
intheTaosPuebloaremadeofstoneandmud.Themudiscalledadobe.
Thehousesinthepuebloarebuiltside-by-side.Insomecases,theyarebuiltoneontopofanother.Fromadistance,thepueblolookslikeitisallonebuilding.Butthatisnotthecase.Infact,itismadeupofmanyhouses.Thehousessharewalls,buttheyareseparate.
TherearemanypueblosintheSouthwest.TheTaosPuebloisoneoftheoldest.Itwasbuiltabout1,000yearsold.Peoplehavebeenlivinginiteversince.ItistheoldestcontinuouslyinhabitedtownintheUnitedStates.
TherewereNativeAmericanslivingintheTaosPueblowhenChristopherColumbussetsailin1492.Someofthosepeoplewerestillalivein1540,whenCoronadoexploredtheSouthwest.OneofCoronado’scaptainsvisitedTaos.
Eventually,theSpanishtookovertheSouthwest.ManyNativeAmericansconvertedtoChristianity.Butsomeresisted.In1680aNativeAmericanleadernamedPopéplannedarevolt.PopéusedtheTaosPuebloashisbase.FromTaos,hesentmessagestootherpueblos.HeurgedthenativepeopletofightagainsttheSpanish.Hesetadate.Hewantedallofthenativepeopletoriseatthesametime.
ThePuebloRevoltwasasuccess,atleastatfirst.TheNativeAmericansdrovetheSpanishout.Fortenyears,theyruledthemselves.Intheend,however,theSpanishtookoveronceagain.
TheTaosPuebloremainedpartoftheSpanishEmpireformanyyears.Eventually,NewMexicobecamepartoftheUnitedStates.Today,theTaosPuebloispartofaNativeAmericanreservation.
About100peopleliveinthepueblotoday.SomeofthemaredescendantsofthemenwhogreetedCoronado’smen;othersaredescendantsofmenwhofoughtwithPopé.
WhatisitliketoliveintheTaosPueblo?Itisold-fashionedsortoflifeinsomeways.Mostofthehouseshaveonlytworooms.Oneroomisforsleeping.Theotherisforcookingandeating.Thehousesinthepueblodonothaveelectricity.Theydon’thavepipesandrunningwater,either.
Intheolddays,thePueblopeoplehadverylittlefurniture.Nowadays,mostPueblohouseshavetables,chairs,andbeds.Sowhatdoyouthink?WouldyouliketoliveintheTaosPueblo?
1736
526876
9395
109
117136153
155172190200217
237256
275294312
331333
350368386
405424
86 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Unit 8 87© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 8.6
continued
W.C.P.M. Calculation Worksheet
Student: Date:
Story: The Taos Pueblo
Totalwords:424
Words Time
Words Read
Uncorrected Mistakes
Words Correct
Finish Time
Start Time
Elapsed Time
Minutes Seconds
× 60( ) + =
W.C.P.M.
÷ × 60=
Time in Seconds
Words Correct Time in Seconds W.C.P.M.
Compare the student’s W.C.P.M. score to national norms for Spring of Grade 3 (Hasbrouck and Tindal, 2006):
W.C.P.MNational Percentiles for Spring,
Grade 3162 90th 137 75th 107 50th 78 25th 48 10th
Comprehension Total / 4
Answers Correct Level4 Independent comprehension
level3 Instructional comprehension
level2 Frustration comprehension level0-1 Intensive remediation warranted
for this student
88 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Unit 8 89© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 9.1
Practice: –able and –ible
Complete each sentence by circling the correct word from the choices after the sentence.
1. Thesesocksarenolonger___________sincetheyhavetoomanyholesinthem.
wearable wear
2. Dadboughtmesome___________vitaminssincetheothersarehardtoswallow.
chew chewable
3. Ican___________thesleevesofmynewjacketifIgettoohot.
removable remove
4. Mydadhadto___________thefencepostintothegroundwhenhereplacedthebrokenparts.
force forcible
5. Thelibrarianputthebooksonthetablebeforeclasssotheywere___________toeveryone.
accessible access
6. Didyou___________theplaylastSunday? enjoyable enjoy
7. Rosawasvery___________aftertakingdanceclassesforsomanyyears.
flexible flex
8. Thefictionstorywereadwastoofunnytobe___________.
believe believable
90 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Write the part of speech and the meaning for each word. Then, write the root word for each word.
1.bendable
PartofSpeech:_______________ RootWord:_______________
Meaning:_________________________________________________
2.accessible
PartofSpeech:_______________ RootWord:_______________
Meaning:_________________________________________________
3.predictable
PartofSpeech:_______________ RootWord:_______________
Meaning:_________________________________________________
4.reversible
PartofSpeech:_______________ RootWord:_______________
Meaning:_________________________________________________
5.valuable
PartofSpeech:_______________ RootWord:_______________
Meaning:_________________________________________________
Unit 8 91© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 9.2
Word Sort
Identify the headers. Read the words in the box and circle the vowels that have the /ə/ sound. Write the words under each header that match the header’s spelling pattern.
‘el’ > /ə/ + /l/ ‘al’ > /ə/ + /l/ ‘le’ > /ə/ + /l/ ‘tion’ > /sh/ + /ə/ + /n/
lesson ankle numeral button condition
mantle multiplication total jargon stumble
raisin captain chapel postal called
barrel well knuckle direction stencil
tinsel bridal bald section nasal
92 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Unit 8 93© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 10.1
Spelling Assessment
As your teacher calls out the words, write them under the correct header.
‘tion’ > /sh/ + /ə/ + /n/ ‘le’ > /ə/ + /l/ ‘el’ > /ə/ + /l/ ‘al’ > /ə/ + /l/
Challenge Word:__________________
Challenge Word:__________________
Content Word:__________________
94 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Dictated Sentences
1. __________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit 8 95© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 10.2
Practice Grammar Skills
Write the singular possessive noun and what belongs to each singular possessive noun on the appropriate blank.
1.Thewoollymammoth’sfootprintswerehuge.
SingularPossessiveNoun: Whatbelongstohim/her/it?
2.Themapletree’ssaptrickledintothebirchbaskets.
SingularPossessiveNoun: Whatbelongstohim/her/it?
Write the plural possessive noun and what belongs to each plural possessive noun on the appropriate blank.
1.Thekachinas’careforeverylivingthinggaveushope.
PluralPossessiveNoun: Whatbelongstothem?
96 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
2.Thesledmovedswiftlybecauseofthesleddogs’training.
PluralPossessiveNoun: Whatbelongstothem?
Rewrite the sentence, changing the underlined phrase to a plural possessive noun.
1. Thechildrenbelongingtotheparentsplayedtogetherallafternoon.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Thegreen,lushlawnsoftheneighborstoldusspringwashere!
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit 8 97© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: 10.3
Dictionary Skills
Use the following portion of a dictionary page to answer the questions below.
bow 1.[bow]verbTobendthebodyorheadoutofrespect.2.[bow]nounThefrontofaship.3.[boe]nounAknothavingtwoloopsandtwoends.4.[boe]nounAweaponusedtolauncharrows.5.[boe]nounApieceofwoodholdinghorsehairstretchedbetweentheends,usedforplayingaviolin.
1. Whattwopronunciationsfortheentrywordbowareshown?____________________ ____________________
2. Whattwopartsofspeecharelistedforbowpronounced/bow/?____________________ ____________________
3. Writeasentenceusingdefinition 1forbow.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
4. Writeasentenceusingdefinition 2forbow.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Writeasentenceusingdefinition 3forbow.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
98 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
6. Writeasentenceusingdefinition 4forbow.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
7. Writeasentenceusingdefinition 5forbow.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Unit 8 99© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: PP1
Salali, Dustu, and the Festival of Hope
1. Thischapteristoldfromwhosepointofview?
_____________________________________________
2. DescribewhathappensduringtheGreenCornFestival.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page_________
3. WhydidDustupushElanintheriver?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________Page_________
100 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
4.Whatismissingfromthefollowingchart?
1.SalalifollowedDustutohelpcollectsmallbranchesforthecampfire.
2.__________________________________________________________
3.DustusaidhisparentsmadehimapologizeforpushingElanintheriver.
4.DustuasksedSalalitopromisenottomarryElan.
A. GrandmothertoldDustuandSalalitodosomework.
B. DustuandSalaliattendedtheceremony.
C. DustuandSalalireceivedtheircleansingwashes.
D. SalaliaskedDustuwhatwaswrong.
5.Writeasummaryforthischapter.
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Unit 8 101© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: PP2
“Salali, Dustu, and the Festival of Hope”“It’stimeyoutwolazylizardsdidsomework,”camethesoundofmygrandmother’s
voice.“Thereisalottodobeforewegototheceremony.”
“Okay,Grandmother,”Ireplied.“Iwillgohelpmotherpreparethefoodforthefeast.”
“Whatwillyoudo?”askedmygrandmother,assheturnedtofaceDustu.“Doyouhaveaplan?”
Dustushookhishead.
“Well,Iwillgiveyouone.Iwouldlikeyoutogetsmallbranchesforthecampfire.Nowrunalong.”
Dustuknewbetterthantoarguewithher.Hereachedforhisaxeandbegantowalkaway.Iknewhewouldmakehiswaytotheforestedge.
“Oh,canIgowithhimtohelphimcarrythewood?”Ioffered.DustuwasmyyoungerbrotherandIdidnotlikeitwhenhewentintotheforestalone.
“Allright,”Grandmotherreplied.“Rememberthough,youhaveworktodo!”Withthat,shepromptlywalkedofftomakefoodforthefeast.
“Dustu,waitforme,”Icalled,asIchasedafterhim.
Heturnedtome,grinned,andthenstartedtorun.
Wereachedtheedgeoftheforestatthesametime.Immediately,Dustubegantochopdownsmall,slenderbranchesandIbegantogatherthemup.
“Areyouexcitedabouttheceremony?”Iasked.“Ican’twaittoseethedancing!”
“Iguess,”hesaid,soundingglum.
“What’swrong,Dustu?”Iasked.“UsuallyyouareevenmoreexcitedthanIamabouttheceremony.”
Dustuwassilent.Hejustkeptchoppingsmallbranchesoffthetrees.
“Heh!Ifyoudon’ttellme,I’llhavetopullyourearsoff,”Isaidjokingly.
Dustutriedhardnottolaugh.Hekeptonchoppingbranches.Eventually,hesatdownonthegrassbeneatharowofbirchtreesandbegantoattacktheearthwithhisaxe.
“FatherandMotheraremakingmeapologizetoElan,”Dustusaidsulkily.
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102 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
“Why?”Iasked,surprised.
“Ipushedhimintheriverandhecan’tswim,”hereplied,withaseriouslookonhisface.
“Whydidyoudothat?”Iasked,astonished.
“He’salwayscallingmenames,”hereplied,hisfaceturningredashespoke.
“WellDustu,ifyouhavetoapologize,thisisthebesttimeofyeartodoso,”Ireplied.Thiswasindeedanimportanttimeofyear.ThepeopleofourvillagehadbeenbusilypreparingfortheGreenCornFestival.DuringtheFestival,weCherokeescelebrateourfirstcorncrop.Weprepareforthisspecialeventbycleaningourhomesandourvillage.Wemakenewclothes,pots,andbaskets.Peoplesaytheyaresorrytoanyonetheymighthaveoffended.Wegivethankstothesunforprovidinguswitheverythingweneed.Itisthoughtofasanewbeginning.BothmybrotherandIhadalreadyreceivedourcleansingwashesandwehadfastedtoo.
“IguesstheyarehopingthatyouandElanwillworkthingsoutandbecomefriends,”Ioffered.
Dustusimplyshruggedandstoodupagain,readytocutdownmorebranches.Eventually,whenwehadmorewoodthanwecouldcomfortablycarry,westaggeredbacktowardthevillage.
“Ican’twaituntiltheceremonybegins,”Iannounced.“Tonightisthenightofthefullmoon.Atthecampfiregathering,theleaderswillannouncewhoisgettingmarried.Later,wewillhaveafeast.”
Dustuwassilent.
“Okay,I’vehadenough.WhatdoIhavetodoforyoutosmileagain?”Iasked.IwasdeterminedtomakeDustufeelhappyagainbeforethefestivitiesbegan.
“Well,Salali,thereisonething,”hesaidatlast.“Promisemethatyouwon’tevermarryElan.”
“What?”Iyelled.“Thatwillmakeyouhappy?”
“Yep!”proclaimedDustu.
“It’sadeal.IpromisethatIwon’tmarryElan,”Iproclaimedsolemnly.
“Good!”saidDustu.“Thatmakesmeveryhappy!”
“Gladtohearit,”Ireplied.LittledidDustuknowthatIplannedtoonedaymarryElan’sbrother.
Unit 8 103© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: PP3
The Hunting of the Great Bear: An Iroquois Tale
1. Whatdidthemessengersaywhenhecametothebrothers’village?
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2. Thebear’smagicwillnotworkonthebrothersif______________________.
A. theyhideinacavefirst.
B. theysetupcampfirst.
C. theyfinditstracksfirst.
D. theyclimbthemountainfirst.
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3. Wheredidthegreatbearleadthebrothers?
A. downintotheearth
B. upintotheheavens
C. overintothelake
D. upintothetreetops
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104 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
4. Describewhathappenseachautumnaccordingtothistale.
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5. Thischapteristoldfromwhosepointofview?
A. themessenger’s
B. theGreatBear’s
C. thenarrator’s
D. thebrothers’
Unit 8 105© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: PP4
“The Hunting of the Great Bear: An Iroquois Tale”Longago,therewerefourbrotherswhowereallskillfulhunters.Oneday,duringthetimeofyear
whenmorningfrostcoverstheearth,amessengercametothevillagewheretheylived.
“Weneedyourhelp,”saidthemessenger.“Agreatbearhascometoliveintheforestwherewehunt.Italsocomesintoourvillageatnight.”
Thefourhuntersdidnotsayaword.Instead,theygathereduptheirspearsandcalledtotheirdog.Then,withthemessenger,theysetoffforthevillage.
Onthewaytothevillage,theynoticedthattheforestwasveryquiet.Theyalsonoticeddeepscratchesonthetrunkofapinetree.Thescratcheshadbeenmadebythegreatbearasitreareduponitshindlegs.Ithaddonethistomark its territory.
Thetallestbrotherraisedhisspeartotrytotouchthehighestscratchmarks,buthecouldnot.
“Ah,itisaswefeared,”hesaid.“ThegreatbearisNyah-gwaheh.”
“Thisbearhasmagicpowers,”saidthesecondbrotherfearfully.
“Don’tworry,”saidthetallestbrother.“Thebear’smagicwillnotworkonusifwefinditstracksfirst.”
“Yes,thatistrue,”saidthethirdbrother.“IfwefindNyah-gwaheh’stracksandbegintofollowthem,thenitmustrunfromus.”
“Thissoundslikehardwork,”saidthefourthbrother,whowasbothchubbyandlazy.“Dowehaveanyfood?”heasked.Hisbrothersignoredhim.
Asthebrothersandthemessengerenteredthevillage,theywerestruckbyaneeriesilence.Onlythevillageleaderwastheretogreetthem.
“Wehavecometohelpyou,”saidthefirstbrother.
“Doyouhaveanyfood?”askedthefourthbrother.
“Paynoattentiontohim,”urgedtheoldestbrother.“Wewillfindthisgreatbear.”
“Iwishyouluck,”saidthevillageleader.“Whenwefollowthegreatbear’stracks,theydisappear.”
“Donotworry,”saidthesecondbrother.“FourEyescantrackanything,anywhere.”
FourEyeslickedhismaster’shand.FourEyeshadtwoblackcirclesonhishead,oneaboveeacheye.
“Let’sgo,”saidthefirstbrother.
“What,nofood?”exclaimedthefourthbrotherasheranbehindtheothers.
ThefourbrothersfollowedFourEyes.FourEyessniffedtheground.Theycouldallsensethat
Take-HomeWorksheet
106 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Nyah-gwahehwascloseby.Itwasimportantthattheyfounditstracksbeforeitbegantofollowthem.
Thefourthbrother,whobynowfeltveryhungry,tookouthispemmican pouch.Heopenedthepouchandreachedin.Insteadoffood,hefoundnothingbutworms.Nyah-gwahehhadtransformedthefoodintoworms.
Meanwhile,likeamonstrousghost,Nyah-gwahehmovedthroughtheforest,planningtocreepupbehindthem.
Suddenly,FourEyesliftedhisheadandbarked.
“Wehavefoundyou,”yelledthefirstbrother.
Nyah-gwahehbegantorun.Thebrothersfollowed.Thegreatbearranandran,acrossvalleysandhills.Astheyran,dayturnedtonight.Higherandhighertheyclimbedtothetopofamountain.
Thefourthbrothergrewweary.Hepretendedtofallandinjurehisankle.
“Youmustcarryme,”hesaid.Twoofthebrothersliftedhimupwhiletheotheronecarriedhisspear.
Thegreatbearbegantotire.Sodidthebrothers.Eventually,FourEyesgotcloseenoughtothebeartonipitstail.
“Youcanputmedownnow,”saidthefourthbrother,whowasnicelyrested.
Thebrothersputhimdown.Immediately,hesprintedoffinfrontofhisbrothers.Minuteslater,thefourthbrotherwascloseenoughtothebeartokillitwithhisspear.Whenthethreebrotherscaughtupwithhim,hehadalreadybuiltafireandwascuttingupthemeat.
“Sitdown.IhopeyouareashungryasIam,”saidthefourthbrother,smiling.Together,thebrotherscookedandatethemeatofthegreatbear.
“Brothers,”saidthefirstbrotherstaringdownathisfeet.“Wearenotonamountain,wearehighupinthesky.”
Hewasright.Thegreat,magicalbearhadledthemupintotheheavens.
Suddenly,FourEyesbegantobark.
“Look,”saidthesecondbrother.ThefourbrothersstaredatwhatwasleftofNyah-gwaheh’sbody.Thegreatbearwascomingbacktolife.Astheywatched,itbegantorunaway.FourEyestookoffafterit.
“Let’sgo,”saidthefirstbrother.Thebrothersreachedfortheirspearsandranafterthegreatbear.Theychaseditacrossthesky.
Andsoitremains.Eachautumn,thebrotherschasethebearacrossthesky.Whentheycatchit,theykillit.Astheycutupthemeat,blooddripsdowntoEarthandcolorstheleavesofthemapletreered.Astheycookthebear,fatdripsdownandmakesthegrasspaleandlifeless.
Unit 8 107© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: PP5
Crow Brings the Daylight: An Inuit Myth
1. HowdidCrowknowaboutdaylight?
A. HetraveledbackandforthbetweenEarthandthesun.
B. Hetraveledbackandforthbetweentheeastandthewest.
C. Hetraveledbackandforthbetweenthenorthandthesouth.
D. Hetraveledbackandforthbetweendaytimeandnighttime.
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2. Crowwastiredafterflyingformilesandmilesthroughthedarkness.Whatisanotherwordfortired?
A. excited
B. angry
C. weary
D. quiet
3. DescribeCrow’splantogetdaylight.
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108 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
4. WhatdidCrowtelltheInuitpeopleaboutdaylightwhenhereturned?
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5. ComparefeaturesofthischapterwithfeaturesinChapter9:“TheHuntingoftheGreatBear:AnIroquoisTale.”
The Hunting of the Great Bear: An Iroquois Tale Features Crow Brings the
Daylight: An Inuit Myth
Characters?
Setting?
Told from whose point of view?
Problem
Solution?
Unit 8 109© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: PP6
“Crow Brings the Daylight: An Inuit Myth”
Longago,whentheworldwasnew,theInuitpeoplelivedindarkness.Theydidnotknowwhatdaylightwas.ItwasCrowwhofirstexplainedittothemandeventhen,theydidnotbelievehim.Crowknewaboutdaylightbecausehetraveledbackandforthbetweenthenorthandthesouth.Nevertheless,theInuitpeopleaskedtohearaboutdaylightoverandover.TheyoungboysandgirlswereespeciallyinterestedinwhatCrowsaid.
“Howwonderfulitwouldbeifwehaddaylight,”saidoneboy.“Itwouldmakehuntingaloteasier.”
Eventually,theInuitpeoplegrewtiredofhearingaboutdaylight.TheywanteddaylightandtheybeggedCrowtobringittothem.
“Ican’tdothat,”saidCrow.“Iamoldnowandnolongerstrongenoughtotravelsofar.”
TheInuitchildrenpleadedwithCrowtodothisonethingforthem.Finally,Crowagreedtotravelsouth.
Crowflewformilesandmilesthroughthedarknessthatcoveredthelandsofthenorth.Hebecametiredbuthecontinuedhisjourney.Eventually,Crowsawatinyrimoflightfaroffinthedistance.Heknewthatdaylightwasnotfaraway.
Allofasudden,daylightappearedallaroundCrow.Crowfoundhimselfinaworldoflightandvibrantcolors.Crowknewthathisjourneywasoverandhecametorestonthebranchofatree.Crowfeltthewarmthofthesunonhiswings.Heclosedhiseyes.Whenheopenedthemagain,herealizedthatthetreehewassittinginwasjustoutsideavillage.Nearthevillagewasalong,windingriver.Crowwatchedasayounggirlusedabuckettocollectwaterfromtheriver.Crowdecidedtofollowthegirl.Heturnedhimselfintoaspeckofdust.Then,hefloateddowntosettleinthegirl’sfurcloak.Thegirlcarriedthebucketofwaterbacktoherfamily’ssnowlodge.
Itwasniceandwarminsidethesnowlodge.Crow,disguisedasaspeckofdust,peepedoutfrominsidethegirl’shood.Hesawaboxthatglowedaroundtheedges.“Thismustbedaylight,”thoughtCrowtohimself.Crowhadaplan.Hefloatedintotheearofa
Take-HomeWorksheet
110 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
smallboywhowasplayingbyhimself.Theboyrubbedhisearandthenbegantocry.Hisearhadstartedtohurt.Hisgrandfather,whowasthechiefofthevillage,camerunningtofindoutwhatwaswrong.
“Don’tcry,”saidhisgrandfather.
Crow,whowasstillinsidetheboy’sear,whisperedtohim:“Youwanttoplaywithaballofdaylight.”Theboyrepeatedthewords.Theboy’sgrandfatheraskedhisdaughtertobringtheglowingboxtohim.Whenshedid,hereachedinsideandremovedaglowingball.Then,hetieditwithstringandhandedittotheboy.Theboylovedthegifthisgrandfatherhadgivenhim.
However,Crowscratchedattheboy’searandhebegantocryagain.
“Whatiswrong?”askedtheboy’sgrandfatheranxiously.
“Youwouldliketoplayoutside,”whisperedCrow.Onceagain,theboyrepeatedCrow’swords.
“Offyougothen,”saidhisgrandfather.
Theboyranoutofthesnowlodge.Immediately,Crowlefttheboy’searandturnedbackintohisfeatheredself.Then,quickasaflash,heswoopeddownandgrabbedthestringwithhisbeak.Crowpulledtheglowingballawayfromtheboyandflewupintothebluesky.
Afteralongwhile,theInuitpeoplecaughtsightofarayoflight.Thelightgrewbrighterandbrighter.Finally,theysawtheiroldfriendCrowflyingtowardsthem.TheInuitpeoplejumpedforjoy.
Crowdroppedtheballoflightanditspreadacrosstheirland.Thelightchasedawaythedarkness.Theskybecameabrilliantblueandthesnowglistenedandsparkledinthesunlight.
Crowsmiled.
“Thereisonethingyoumustknow,”Crowsaidquiteseriously.“Daylightwillnotlastforever.Iwasonlyabletotakeoneballofdaylight.Thisballoflightwillneedtorestforsixmonthseachyear.Itwillneedtoregainitsstrength.Whileitisresting,darknesswillreturn.”
“Wedonotmind,”saidayoungInuitgirl.“Havinglightforhalfoftheyearisbetterthanawholeyearofdarkness.Thankyou,Crow.Youareourhero.”
Crowsolemnlybowedhishead.
Unit 8 111© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: PP7
Plural Possessive Nouns Not Ending in ‘s’ or ‘es’
Rewrite each sentence, changing the underlined phrase to a plural possessive noun.
Example: The house belonging to Aunt Sally was full of the toys of the children.
Aunt Sally’s house was full of the children’s toys.
1. Mydogsniffedatthehousesofthemice.
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2. Thestrawhatsbelongingtothemenwereallonhooksinthecloset.
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3. Thefinishedreportsofthechildrenhunginthehallwayforalltosee.
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4. Theauditoriumwasfullofthefamiliesofthepeople.
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112 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
5. Thesingingchildrenofthewomendelightedtheaudience.
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Unit 8 113© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: PP8
Practice Possessive Pronouns
Underline the possessive noun in each sentence. Write the sentence replacing the possessive noun with a possessive pronoun from the box.
my your his her its our their
Example: The students’ artwork decorated the walls. Their artwork decorated the walls.
1. Rosa’snewpuppyisnamedRosebud.
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2. Myclass’sscheduleispostedonthewall.
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3. Manykittenseatkittens’foodslowlythroughouttheday.
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114 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
4. Thebicycle’sfenderiscrumpledandneedsattention.
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5. [Insertyournamewithanapostrophe]baseballteamwonthechampionship.
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6. [Insertthenameofonefriendwithanapostrophe]baseballteamlostthelastgame.
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7. Bill’sofficeisfurnishedbeautifully.
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Unit 8 115© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: PP9
Suffixes –ish and –ness
Replace each underlined definition with the word that matches it. Write the word, the part of speech, and the suffix under each sentence.
selfish darkness stylish sadness sickness
kindness foolish snobbish quickness loneliness
1. Lisashowedthestateorconditionofwantingtohelpothersanddogoodthingstoanolderwomanbygettingsomethingforherfromahighshelfinthegrocerystore.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
2.ImadeahavingthecharacteristicsoforlikesomeonewhoisridiculousandactswithoutgoodsenseorjudgmentdecisiontovolunteerfortwothingsonthesamedaybuttheyarenotneareachothersonowIdon’tknowhowIcanpossiblydoboth.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
116 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
3.Megwenttoanewschoolthisyearandonthefirstday,shereallyexperiencedstateorconditionofbeingwithoutothersatlunchtimewhenshedidn’thaveanyonetositwith.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
4.Whendevelopingcamerafilm,youneedatotalstateorconditionofbeingwithoutlightexceptforaspecialredlightthatcanbeturnedonsoyoucanseewhatyouaredoing.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
5.Thehavingthecharacteristicsorlikeanindividualbehavioroftheyoungchildshowedthatshehadnotunderstoodhermom’sexplanationaboutwhysharingtoysisimportant.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
6.Therewasalotofstateorconditionofbeingnothappyintheteamlockerroomafterthegamebecauseoneoftheplayershadbeenhurtbadlyonaplayandwastakentothehospital.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
Unit 8 117© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: X.X
7.Thehavingthecharacteristicsoforlikethewaypeopleactordressataparticulartimedecorationsatthepartyshowedthatthehosthadputalotofthoughtintotheeventandwantedthingstolookmodernandsophisticated.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
8.Hishavingthecharacteristicsoforlikeapersonwhothingsheorsheisbetterthanothersresponsetothequestionmadeitseemlikethepersonaskingthequestionshouldhaveknowntheanswerandaskedabetterquestion.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
9.Thestateorconditionofbeingill,notfeelingwellspreadtotherestofthefamilyafterthebabyfinallygotbetter.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
10.StateorconditionofbeingfastisimportanttomewhenIhavetotakeastickybandageoffofawoundbecauseIjustwantthepaintoend.
Word: _________________________ PartofSpeech: _________________________
Suffix: _________________________
PP9 continued
118 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Unit 8 119© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: PP10
Suffixes –able and –ibleThis chart lists words with the suffixes –able and –ible. Some of these words are new to you. Use the chart to fill out Worksheet PP11.
–able –ible
a acceptable accessible
adaptable
b bendable
believable
c chewable credible
d dependable
debatable
detachable
e excusable edible
enjoyable
f flexible
forcible
h horrible
i invisible
l likeable legible
m manageable
p portable possible
r removable reversible
s sensible
v visible
w wearable
washable
120 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Unit 8 121© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Name: PP11
Use the chart on Worksheet PP10 to fill in the blanks.
1. Whichtwowordsonthechartrelatetofood?____________________ ____________________
2. Whichtwowordsonthechartareoppositesofeachotherandrelatetolightwaves?____________________ ____________________
3. Whichwordsonthechartrelatetochangingtheshapeorappearanceofsomethingeasily?___________________ ___________________ ______________________________________ ___________________ ___________________
4. Whichwordonthechartmeansthereisachancesomethingwillhappen?____________________
5. Whichwordonthechartmeansabletobeaccessed/reachedorabletogetat?____________________
6. Whichtwowordsonthechartaresynonymsandrelatetoenjoyingorlikingsomething?____________________ ____________________
122 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
7. Whichwordonthechartdescribessomeoneorsomethingyoucandependonorcounton?____________________
8. Whichwordonthechartdescribessomethingawful?____________________
9. Whichwordonthechartdescribessomethingthatmakessense?____________________
10. Whichwordonthechartdescribessomethingthatisabletobeaccepted?____________________
Bonus: Write two sentences using two different words of your choice from the chart. Circle the words you chose.
1. __________________________________________________________________________________
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2. __________________________________________________________________________________
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Unit 8 123© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Glossary for Native American Stories
Aancestor—apersoninyourfamilywhowasalivelongago,evenbeforeyourgrandparents(ancestors)
apologize—tosayyouaresorry
arctic—relatingtoextremecoldandwinter
arid—extremelydryduetoalackofrain
autumnal—relatingtotheseasonoffall
axe—atoolwithasharpbladeontheendofalonghandlethatisusedtochopwood(axes)
Bbasic—relatingtothemostimportantpartofsomething
birch—atreewithhardwoodandsmoothbarkthatpeelsoffeasilyinstrips
Ccaw—tocrylikeacrow(cawing)
ceremonial—relatingtoaformalseriesofeventsthatmarkanimportantoccasion
channel—along,narrowrowdugforplantingseeds(channels)
chat—totalkinaninformal,friendlyway(chatted)
PP12Take-HomeWorksheet
124 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
cleansing—makesveryclean
clearing—anopenspaceinaforest
cloak—cape(cloaks)
coiled—spiraled
command—anordertodosomething(commands)
construct—tobuild(constructed)
copper—reddish-brown
craft—tomakewithskillandcare(crafted)
critter—asmallanimal(critters)
crouch—tostooporsquat(crouched)
Eearn his keep—togainapositionthroughhardwork
eerie—spooky
elder—anolderpersoninacommunitywhoisrespectedandseenashavingauthority(elders)
emerge—tocomeintoviewfromahiddenplace(emerging)
eye—tolookatsomethinginacloseorcarefulway(eyed)
Ffeast—aspecialmealwithmuchfoodanddrinkincelebrationofsomething
festival—aspecialcelebrationofsomething
Unit 8 125© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
festivities—activitiesthatarepartofacelebration
flesh—themeatofananimal
flint—atypeofhardrock
forefather—anancestor(forefathers)
frostbite—aconditioninwhichpartofyourbodyfreezes
funnel—(verb)topassthroughanarrowopening;(noun)aconewithanarrowopeningatthebottomthatisusedtopoursomethingintoanarrowcontainer(funnels)
Ggeneration—theaveragelengthoftimebetweenthebirthofparentsandthebirthoftheirchildren,about25to30years
germinate—tosprout
glistening—sparkling
glow—togiveoffasteadylight(glowed, glowing)
glum—sad
gourd—ahard-skinnedfruitthatgrowsonavinesuchasapumpkinorsquash(gourds)
Hharness—toattachtoasetofstrapsthatconnectananimaltosomethingitpulls(harnessed)
haze—smokeormistthatfillstheairandmakesithardtosee
126 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
headdress—adecorativeheadcoveringusuallywornforspecialoccasions(headdresses)
hearth—theareainfrontofafireplace
hind—attheback
hitch—toconnectonethingtoanother
hoe—atoolwithalonghandleandaflatbladeusedforgardeningtoloosendirtanddigupweeds
horizon—thelineinthedistancewheretheearthoroceanseemstomeetthesky
host—alargenumberofthings
husk—theoutercoveringofseedssuchascorn(husks)
Kkachina—theHopinameforspirit(kachinas)
Llead—first,servingastheleader
linger—tobeslowtoleave(lingered)
litter—agroupofbabyanimalsbornatthesametimetothesamemother
lodge—asmallhomeusedforashorttimeperiod
Mmammoth—anancientelephantthatwascoveredwithwoollyfurandhadlongtusksthatcurvedupward
Unit 8 127© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
mark its territory—ananimalshowstheareainwhichitlivesbyleavingsomekindofmarkthroughoutthearea,suchasascent,scratchesontreesorplants,orothersignals
milkweed—aplantwithjuicyleaves
monstrous—gigantic,horrible
Oobedience—theactoffollowingorders
offend—tomakesomeoneupsetorangrythroughwordsoractions(offended)
Ppemmican—foodeatenbyNativeAmericansmadebymixingdried,pounded,finemeatwithmeltedfat
pouch—asmallbagmadeofleatherorfabric
preserve—topreparefoodtokeepforfutureuse(preserved)
previous—thelastonebeforenow
proclaim—toannouncepublicly(proclaimed)
promptly—immediately
puny—smallandweak
Rrear—tostanduponhindlegs(reared)
rim—theedgeofsomethinground
128 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
runt—thesmallestanimalinalitter
Ssap—liquidthatflowsinsideaplant
scamper—torunquicklyandplayfully;scuttle(scampered)
scuttle—torunquicklyandplayfully;scamper
settled—livinginanewplace
Shaman—apersonwhohealsthesickandcommunicateswithspirits(Shamans)
shelter—astructurethatcoverspeople
slingshot—aY-shapedstickwithelasticbandsattachedthatisusedtoshootsmallstones(slingshots)
sniff—tosmellsomething
solemnly—inaveryseriousway
speck—asmallspot
speedily—inafastway
spirit—aghostofapersonwhohaspassedaway(spirits)
sprint—torunfastforashortdistance(sprinted)
squint—tolookatwithpartiallyclosedeyes(squinted)
stagger—towalkunsteadilyasifabouttofall(staggered)
stampede—tosuddenlyrunawayinfearasalargegroup
store—toputthingsawayforfutureuse(stored)
Unit 8 129© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
strip—totearsomethingoff
succulent—rich,inviting,mouth-watering
sulkily—inawaythatshowsyouareangryorupsetbutdon’twanttotalkaboutwhy
Ttalon—asharpclawofabirdofprey(talons)
terrain—theshapeofland
tobacco—aplantwhoseleavesareharvestedforsmokingorchewing
towline—aropeorchainusedtopullsomething(towlines)
tracker—apersonwhofollowsanimaltracks
trickle—toflowextremelyslowlyinathinstreamordrops(trickles)
tusk—oneoftwolong,curvedteeththatstickoutofananimal’smouth,suchasanelephantorwalrus(tusks)
Uurge—totryhardtopersuade(urged)
Vvibrant—bright
Wwaft—tocarrythroughtheair(wafted)
130 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
wean—tofeedayoungchildoranimalfoodotherthanitsmother’smilk(weaned)
weary—extremelytired
wigwam—ahutmadebycoveringaframeworkofwoodenpoleswithbarkoranimalhides
wits—theabilitytothinkquicklyandmakegooddecisions
wobble—tomovefromsidetosideinanunsteadyway
woolly—coveredwithsoft,thick,curlyhair
Unit 8 131© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Unit 8:1. ChooseaNativeAmericancharacterandmakealistof
everythingyouknowaboutthatcharacter’swayoflife.
2. DeterminewaysthatlifeforoneoftheNativeAmericangroupsisdifferentfromyourlifeandwriteaparagraphstatingwhyonewouldbeeasierthantheother.
3. Compareandcontrastthemythinthisreaderwithmythsyouhavereadinthepast.
4. Selectacharacterinthereaderandwriteanadditiontothechapterfromyourpoint of view assomeonewhoisamemberofthatcharacter’ssameNativeAmericangroup.
5. SpeakingfromSalali’spoint of view,whatdoesshehopewilloccurinthefuture?
6. SpeakingfromAdoette’spoint of view,whatdoesshehopewilloccur?
7. SpeakingfromAlo’spoint of view,whatdoeshehopewilloccur?
Either fiction or nonfiction:1. Summarizethestoryorchapteryoureadinthreetofive
sentences.
2. Afterreadingthisstoryorchapter,Iwonder...
3. Namethreethingsyoulikedaboutthestoryorchapter.
4. Makeatimelineofthreetofiveeventsinyourreadingtoday.
5. PretendyouareaTVreporterwhohastointerviewthemaincharacterorpersoninthestoryorchapteryouread,andwritedownfivequestionsyouwouldask.
6. Makeapredictionaboutwhatwillhappennextinthestoryorchapteryoujustread.Explainwhyyouthinkthiswillhappen.
7. Pretendyouarethemaincharacterorapersoninthestoryorchapteryoureadtodayandwriteadiaryentryforthatperson.
8. Tellaboutsomethinginthestoryorchapteryoureadtodaythatissimilartosomethingyouhavealreadyread.
9. DrawaVenndiagramtoshowwhatisalikeand/ordifferentbetweentwocharactersorpeopleinthestoryorchapteryouread.
10. Howdoesthetitlefitthestoryorchapter?Suggest
anothertitle.
11. Writedownthreenewwordsyoulearnedwhilereadingandtellwhattheymean.Useeachwordinanewsentence.
12. Namethreequestionsyouwouldasktheauthorofthestoryorchapter.
Fiction:1. Tellaboutthesetting.
2. Tellabouttheplot.
3. Tellaboutyourfavoritecharacter.Writethreereasonswhyyouchosethatcharacter.
4. Whichcharacterisyourleastfavorite?Writethreereasonswhyyouchosethatcharacter.
5. Giveexamplesofpersonificationfromthestory.
6. Drawalinedownthecenterofyourpaper.Ononesidewritethetitleofyourfavoritestory.Ontheothersidewritethetitleofwhateveryoureadtoday.Compareandcontrastthemaincharacters,thesettings,andtheplots.
7. Writeadifferentendingforthestory.
8. Ifyoucouldbeanycharacterinthestoryorchapteryoureadtoday,whowouldyoube?Givethreereasonswhy.
9. Inventaconversationordialoguebetweentwocharactersorpeopleinthestoryorchapterthatyouread.Writewhateachcharactersaysanddon’tforgettousequotationmarks.
10. Describeacharacter,setting,orplotthatsurprisedyou.Explainwhatitwasandwhyitsurprisedyou.
11. Tellaboutaproblemthatsomeoneinthestoryorchapterhadandwhatheorshedidaboutit.
Nonfiction:1. Describesomethingthatyoulearnedfromwhatyou
readtoday.
2. Writeatleastthreequestionsyouhaveafterreadingthechapteraboutthetopicinthechapter.
Writing Prompts
Unit 8 133© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Conference Record For Reader’s Journal
Date:______________
TitleofBookStudentisReading:___________________________
Isjournalcomplete?Yes___ No___
Teachernotes:
Date:______________
TitleofBookStudentisReading:___________________________
Isjournalcomplete?Yes___ No___
Teachernotes:
Date:______________
TitleofBookStudentisReading:___________________________
Isjournalcomplete?Yes___ No___
Teachernotes:
Name: ____________________________________________________
134 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Date:______________
TitleofBookStudentisReading:___________________________
Isjournalcomplete?Yes___ No___
Teachernotes:
Date:______________
TitleofBookStudentisReading:___________________________
Isjournalcomplete?Yes___ No___
Teachernotes:
Date:______________
TitleofBookStudentisReading:___________________________
Isjournalcomplete?Yes___ No___
Teachernotes:
Unit 8 135© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
Core Knowledge language arts
series editor-in-Chief
E. D. Hirsch, Jr.
President
Linda Bevilacqua
editorial staffCarolyn Gosse, Senior Editor - PreschoolKhara Turnbull, Materials Development ManagerMichelle L. Warner, Senior Editor - Listening & Learning
Mick AndersonRobin BlackshireMaggie BuchananPaula CoynerSue FultonSara HuntErin KistRobin LueckeRosie McCormickCynthia PengLiz PettitEllen SadlerDeborah SamleyDiane Auger SmithSarah Zelinke
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aCKnowledgMentsThese materials are the result of the work, advice, and encouragement of numerous individuals over many years. Some of those singled out here already know the depth of our gratitude; others may be surprised to find themselves thanked publicly for help they gave quietly and generously for the sake of the enterprise alone. To helpers named and unnamed we are deeply grateful.
Contributors to earlier versions of these MaterialsSusan B. Albaugh, Kazuko Ashizawa, Nancy Braier, Kathryn M. Cummings, Michelle De Groot, Diana Espinal, Mary E. Forbes, Michael L. Ford, Ted Hirsch, Danielle Knecht, James K. Lee, Diane Henry Leipzig, Martha G. Mack, Liana Mahoney, Isabel McLean, Steve Morrison, Juliane K. Munson, Elizabeth B. Rasmussen, Laura Tortorelli, Rachael L. Shaw, Sivan B. Sherman, Miriam E. Vidaver, Catherine S. Whittington, Jeannette A. Williams
We would like to extend special recognition to Program Directors Matthew Davis and Souzanne Wright who were instrumental to the early development of this program.
sChoolsWe are truly grateful to the teachers, students, and administrators of the following schools for their willingness to field test these materials and for their invaluable advice: Capitol View Elementary, Challenge Foundation Academy (IN), Community Academy Public Charter School, Lake Lure Classical Academy, Lepanto Elementary School, New Holland Core Knowledge Academy, Paramount School of Excellence, Pioneer Challenge Foundation Academy, New York City PS 26R (The Carteret School), PS 30X (Wilton School), PS 50X (Clara Barton School), PS 96Q, PS 102X (Joseph O. Loretan), PS 104Q (The Bays Water), PS 214K (Michael Friedsam), PS 223Q (Lyndon B. Johnson School), PS 308K (Clara Cardwell), PS 333Q (Goldie Maple Academy), Sequoyah Elementary School, South Shore Charter Public School, Spartanburg Charter School, Steed Elementary School, Thomas Jefferson Classical Academy, Three Oaks Elementary, West Manor Elementary.
And a special thanks to the CKLA Pilot Coordinators Anita Henderson, Yasmin Lugo-Hernandez, and Susan Smith, whose suggestions and day-to-day support to teachers using these materials in their classrooms was critical.
136 Unit 8© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation
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