Unit 5, Part 2The War Front at

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I. FDR and the arsenal of democracy

a. FDR promised to build 50,000 airplanes, people laughed• We built 300,000 airplanes / 71,000

ships / 80,000 tanks• Decrease in farm labor, caused prices

to double• Depression limits on farm goods

eliminated, all out effort, creating bumper crops

b.Women & the War Effort• 250,000 women serve, 38 KIA• Flew airplanes into war zones, towed

practice targets• Rosie the Riveter – built planes and

much more

c. Conscription • 15 before Pearl Harbor, first peacetime

draft in US History• Over 15 million men/women served

d.Paying for War• War Bonds – loans from regular folk to

finance the war, paying interest later• Pay through your paycheck• War bond drives (Abbott and Costello)

e.Hollywood and War• Movies made about war, patriotic

showing the might of the American military

f. War and minorities at home

• War contracts filled with companies that only hired whites

• Protest march on Washington• Executive order 8802, no discrimination

in the employment of workers in defense industries…

g.Japanese Americans• Executive Order 9066; Removal of

127,000 Japanese Americans into internment camps

• Korematsu v. United States (1944) challenged the Constitutionality of internment– Justice Hugo Black; “He was excluded

because we were at war with the Japanese Empire, because the properly constituted military authorities feared an invasion on the West Coast…

h.Segregation in the Armed Forces

• Black out enlisted whites by 60 %• Usually assigned as laborers, ship

loaders, etc.• Tuskegee Airmen fighter squadron,

never lost a bomber from an enemy fighter

• “A Jim Crow Army cannot fight for a free world”

i. The Holocaust• Final solution, a systematic elimination

of the Jewish people– Genocide

• New of the Holocaust reached Europe, but most found it unbelievable

• Two men escaped Auschwitz, begged Allied leaders to bomb it

• 6 Million Jews, 11 million total killed

The End of Part 2