unit 5: nucleic acids & proteins review€¦ · unit 5: nucleic acids & proteins review...
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UNIT 5: NUCLEIC ACIDS & PROTEINS REVIEW
Nucleic Acids are Polymers made of
_________________________
3 Parts:
a) _____________ group
b) 5-Carbon ____________
c) ___________ base
2 Types: ________ & _______
b)
a)
c)
d)
e)
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PYRIMIDINES
PURINES
RNA Sugar =
_____________
RNA is
___________
Stranded
RNA has _____
DNA Sugar = _____________
DNA is ___________ Stranded
DNA has _____
A bonds to _____; G bonds to ______
___________ bonds hold N bases together to form the
________ helix
Pyrimidines = ____,
____, & ____
Purines = ____ & ____
Pyrimidines _________
bond to Purines
G bonds to ___
A bonds to ___ or ___
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DNA is found in the __________ of
eukaryotic cells in the form of
______________
Chromosomes are ___________
wound around proteins called
____________
Sections of DNA that code for a
protein are called ___________
_____________ chromosomes have the
same ________ (possibly different alleles)
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DNA replication =
Original strands are used as a
____________ to build new
_______________ strands
Enzymes help with this process:
____________ breaks the
hydrogen bonds between the
complimentary strands
_______________ build the new
strands and then proofread the
nucleotide sequence
Semi-conservative DNA
Replication =
2 ______________ DNA
molecules are produced.
Each molecule is made of
one __________ strand and
one __________ strand.
_________ of DNA Replication
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DNA polymerase can only move towards the
_____ end of the original DNA molecule
(New DNA is built 5’ to _____)
This means the ________ strand is built in
small sections called __________ fragments.
_________ strand (3’ end)
_________ strand (5’ end)
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Central Dogma
_______ _______ ___________
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Proteins are Polymers made of
_____________
4 Parts: Central _________, _________ group,
_________, __________ group & _____ group
Functions: _____________ of substances,
___________ that control the rate of reactions,
provide ____________, build __________, &
fight _____________
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3 Types of RNA
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3 Types of RNA
mRNA = __________ of gene/DNA
(instructions for making the protein)
tRNA = ___________ mRNA and
____________ amino acids to the
ribosome in the correct sequence
rRNA = _____________ are made of
rRNA which __________ amino acids
together to build the _____________
Transcription
is the process of __________
DNA into the complimentary
sequence of _________
The enzyme that copies the DNA
(gene) into mRNA is
______________________
No ___ in RNA so A bonds to ___
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Translation
Begins when the _______ leaves the
nucleus and goes to the __________
________ decodes the mRNA _____
bases at a time
_______ = 3 base sequence on mRNA
Codons are complimentary to the
_____________ on the tRNA
rRNA forms __________ bonds
between _______________ to form the
________________
Transcription
Transcription occurs in the
_________________
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Transcribe the following DNA
into mRNA
DNA: TAC – CCG – GAT – TAG – ATC
mRNA: ____ - ____ - ____ - ____ - ____
Translate the above mRNA
into the correct sequence of
Amino Acids using the
Codon Chart
Protein: ____ - ____ - ____ - ____ - ____
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