[UNIT 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

I. Functions of the Skeletal System

a. Support

b. Movement

c. Storage

d. Blood cell production

e. Protection

II. Long Bone Anatomy

a. Epiphysis

i. Articular Cartilage

ii. Proximal

iii. Distal

b. Compact bone

c. Spongy bone

d. Red bone marrow

e. Epiphyseal plate

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[UNIT 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

f. Diaphysis

g. Medullary Cavity

i. Yellow Marrow

h. Periosteum

i. Endosteum

i. Osteoclasts

ii. Osteoblasts

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[UNIT 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

III. Microscopic Anatomy of Bone

a. Osteons

b. Lamella

c. Lacuna

d. Osteocyte

e. Central Canal

f. Canaliculi

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[UNIT 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

IV. Bone Growth (Ossification)

a. Composition of embryonic bone

b. Direction of bony tissue growth

c. Epiphyseal (growth) plate

d. Epiphyseal line

V. Divisions of the Skeleton

a. Axial Skeleton

b. Appendicular Skeleton

VI. Skull

a. Sutures

b. Fontanels

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[UNIT 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

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[UNIT 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

VII. Sinuses

VIII.Hyoid Bone

IX. Ossicles

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[UNIT 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

X. Vertebral Column

a. Cervical

i. Atlas –

ii. Axis –

b. Thoracic

c. Lumbar

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[UNIT 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

XI. Ribs and Sternum

a. True Ribs

b. False Ribs

i. Floating Ribs

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[UNIT 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

XII. Appendicular Skeleton

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[UNIT 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

XIII.Appendicular

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[UNIT 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

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[UNIT 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

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[UNIT 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

XIV. Classification of Bones

a. Long Bones

b. Short Bones

c. Flat Bones

d. Sesamoid Bones

e. Irregular Bones

XV. Articulations

a. Fibrous

i. Example

b. Cartilaginous

i. Example

c. Synovial

i. Example

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[UNIT 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

XVI. Synovial Joint Structure

a. Fibrous Capsule

b. Synovial Fluid

c. Synovial Membrane

d. Bursa

e. Aspiration

f. Joint “cracking”

g. Ligaments

h. Menisci

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[UNIT 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

XVII. Types of Synovial Joints

a. Ball and Socket

i. Movement:

ii. Example:

b. Hinge

i. Movement:

ii. Example:

c. Condylar

i. Movement:

ii. Example:

d. Saddle

i. Movement:

ii. Example:

e. Gliding

i. Movement:

ii. Example:

f. Pivot

i. Movement:

ii. Example:

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[UNIT 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline

XVIII. Injuries

a. Sprain

b. Dislocation

c. Simple/Closed Fracture

d. Compound/Open Fracture

e. Greenstick Fracture

f. Comminuted Fracture

XIX. Bone Disorders

a. Brittle Bone Disease

b. Osteoporosis

c. Scoliosis

d. Osteoarthritis

e. Hypermobility

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