unit 4 cells. 1. what is the term that only some things come in and out and what cell part has this...
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1. What is the term that only some things come in and out and what
cell part has this function?
• Selectively or Semi permeable
• Cell membrane
3. Does the inside and outside of the cell love or dislike water?
Why?• Loves water/hydrophilic because their
polar heads are facing inside and outside of the cell
4. How does the inside of the cell membrane feel about water?
Why?• Does not like water/hydrophobic because
the non-polar tails facing the inside the cell membrane
6. What is the membrane sometimes referred as because of the free
floating protein molecules? • Fluid Mosaic Model
9. What are the 3 main parts of the nucleus and what are their
functions?– Nuclear membrane-controls what goes in and
out of the cell– Nucleolus-makes ribosomes– DNA/chromatin-hereditary/genetic information
12. The ribosomes make the proteins, but who tells them how?
• The nucleus gives the directions for making the proteins
14. Golgi apparatus is flattened sacs, what are their 3 jobs?
• Modify proteins
• Package proteins
• Secrete proteins out in vesicles to where they are needed
17. Vacuoles are in both plant and animal cells for storage, what is the main difference between those two
types of cell’s vacuoles?• Plants have one large one that provides
turgor, while animals are small
22. Write the 4 step process for making proteins:
• Production of ribosomes in the nucleolus of the nucleus
• Ribosomes delivered to the rough ER where they make the proteins
• Proteins delivered to Golgi apparatus or Golgi bodies
• Golgi bodies modify, package and deliver the proteins to where they are needed
23. What is the organelle that is only in animal cells and what is its
function?• Centrioles to make spindle fibers for
mitosis
24. What are the two main form of cell movement and briefly describe.• Cilia-short hair-like projections
• Flagella-long whip-like tail
31. Why are cells performing cellular transport? (What are they
trying to achieve?)• Homeostasis/equilibrium
32. What are the 2 main types of cellular transport, their main
differences and which direction do their particles flow ?
• Active transport requires energy because particles flow low concentration to high concentration
#32. cont.
• Passive transport does NOT require energy because particles flow from high concentration to low concentration
35. What are the 2 types of Active transport are there and do the substances end up inside or
outside the cell?• Endocytosis-
substance ends up inside the cell
• Exocytosis-substances exit the cell
36. What are the 3 steps of Endocytosis?
• Membrane makes a pocket (a mouth)
• Pocket closes around substance to form a vesicle
• Vesicle fuses with organelles to release contents
37. What is the difference between phagocytosis and pinocytosis?
• Phagocytosis takes in large particles or bacteria cells
• pinocytosis takes in fluids and solutes
• 39. Diffusion is ______ transport, where molecules move from ____ to low concentration and do NOT require _____.
passive
high
energy
• 40. In the diagram below, draw an arrow for the flow of molecules in diffusion to reach homeostasis.
• Membrane Membrane • X X X X X X X X X X• X X X X• X X X X X X
X• X X X X X X X
X (BEFORE DIFFUSION) (AFTER DIFFUSION)
• 41. Facilitated diffusion uses ________ proteins to move large & polar molecules from high to low concentration. The main difference in facilitated diffusion is that is much ______ (speed) than regular diffusion.
faster
carrier
• 42. Osmosis is another type of diffusion but it involves the movement of water molecules from ____ to ____ percentage of water molecules to solute.
• This is the opposite of the percentage of solute/concentration of the solution ie. 75% solute is 25% water etc.
lowhigh
• 44. Hypotonic solution means there is ____ solutes in the solution than there is in the cell.
less
• 45. When a cell is in a_____________, the water will flow ____ the cell and the cell’s size will_______.
HYPOTONIC SOLUTION
into
increase
• 46. Isotonic solution means there is __________of solutes in the solution as there is in the cell.
the same amount
• 47. When a cell is in an_____________,
the water will flow _______of the cell and the cell’s size will________.
ISOTONIC SOLUTION
in and out
stay the same
• 48. Hypertonic solution means there is ______ solutes in the solution than there is in the cell.
more
• 49. When a cell is in a____________, the water will flow out of the cell and the cell’s size will______.
HYPERTONIC SOLUTION
shrink
• 51. When the vacuole is full and pushes the organelles against the cell membrane/wall, it has ____turgor pressure.
high