UNIT 3 RULES WERE MADE TO BE BROKEN… OR AT LEAST INTERPRETED” GPS STANDARD

•1 What does the legislative branch do?

•The Legislative Branch are the law makers

UNIT 3 RULES WERE MADE TO BE BROKEN… OR AT LEAST INTERPRETED” GPS STANDARD

•2 What does the executive branch do?

•The executive branch enforces the law

UNIT 3 RULES WERE MADE TO BE BROKEN… OR AT LEAST INTERPRETED” GPS STANDARD

•3 What does the judicial branch do?

•The Judicial branch interprets (judges) whether the laws are constitutional and whether the law was broken.

4 Name one way the legislative branch checks the executive branch

5 Name one way the legislative branch checks the judicial branch

6 Name one way the executive branch checks the legislative branch

7 Name one way the executive branch checks the judicial branch

8 Name one way the judicial branch checks the legislative branch

9 Name one way the judicial branch checks the executive branch

10. NAME THREE POWERS EXCLUSIVE TO THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

• Initiate revenue (tax) bills

•Choose the President when the electoral college is deadlocked (Election of 1800)

•Choose whether to Impeach someone (choose whether to take it to trial or not

11. NAME THREE POWERS EXCLUSIVE TO THE SENATE

•Treaty ratification

•Confirmation or Denial of judicial and executive appointments

•Impeachment Trials

•12 When the constitution was created what type of representation did the small states want?

• The small states wanted equal representation

• They wanted this so that they had an equal say in the new government

•12 What type of representation did the large states want? The large states wanted proportional

representation

• They wanted this so that the states with the larger population would have more representatives in the new government

CONSTITUTIONAL CREATION

13. How did the great compromise meet both needs?

13. The great compromise gave them both

•The senate= equal representation= small states wants

•The house of representatives= proportional representation=large state wants

14. HOW OLD YOU HAVE TO BE IN THE HOUSE, SENATE, PRESIDENT?

•HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES=25 years old

•SENATE= 30 years old

•PRESIDENT= 35 years old

TERM PERIODS/LIMITS

16. Term Periods

• The House of Reps= 2 years

• The Senate= 6 years

• The President= 4 years

17. Term Limits

• The House of Reps= no term limit

• The Senate= no term limit

• The President= 2 term limit or 10 years total

• Incumbent: the current officeholder

• 19. SO WHY ARE INCUMBENTS RE-ELECTED SO OFTEN??????

• Because people are familiar and comfortable with the incumbent.

18. WHAT IS AN INCUMBENT?

•Agenda: the schedule of all the issues the Congress is considering

20. WHAT IS A CONGRESSIONAL AGENDA?

• A highly visible event (like 9/11) draws our attention to a problem

• Presidential support

• Congressional party leaders and committee chairs

• Interest group efforts

21. HOW DO ISSUES GET ONTHE CONGRESSIONAL AGENDA?

22. HOW A BILL BECOMES A LAW

• ON THE BOARD

• A Presidential Veto is where the president votes no on a law which was passed through the House of Reps and the Senate

• 24. How can a presidential veto by overridden by Congress?

• A Presidential Veto can be overridden by a 2/3 vote in the House of Reps and the Senate

23. WHAT IS A PRESIDENTIAL VETO

• 25. What is a standing committee?

• Standing: permanent committee that oversees bills dealing with certain kinds of issues

26. What is a joint committee?

• Joint: committee of the House and Senate that usually acts as a study group and reports findings back to each

27. What is a select committee?

• Select (or Special): temporary committee formed to study one specific issue and report its findings to the Senate or House

28. What is a conference Committee?

• Conference: temporary joint committee set up when the House and the Senate have passed different versions of the same bill

• 29. How does senority influence the legislative ?

•Because of more experience and expertise, people tend to listen to senior congress persons.

COMMITTEES: THE WORKHORSES OF CONGRESS

• 30. What is a committee hearing?

Committees hold hearings: sessions in which committee members listen to testimony on issues related to a bill

31. What is a markup session?

Markup Sessions: the meetings at which committees debate and amend legislation

COMMITTEES: THE WORKHORSES OF CONGRESS

• 32 What is congressional oversight?

•Oversight: the process of reviewing the operations of an

agency to determine whether it is carrying out policies as Congress intended

COMMITTEES: THE WORKHORSES OF CONGRESS

•33A Pressure on the legislative community- President:

•The President- due to the president’s popularity, he or she puts a lot of pressure on the legislature.

THE LEGISLATIVE ENVIRONMENT

• 33B Pressure on the legislative community Constituents:

• Constituents- put pressure on the legislature because the legislature lives in their district with these people.

34. What is a constituent?

• Constituents: people who live and work in a government official’s district

THE LEGISLATIVE ENVIRONMENT

• 35. What is a trustee?

• Trustee: representative who is obligated to consider the views of constituents but is not obligated to vote according to those views if he or she believes they are misguided

35. What is a delegate?

• Delegate: a legislator whose primary responsibility is to represent the majority view of his or her constituents, regardless of his or her own view

THE DILEMMA OF REPRESENTATION

INTEREST GROUPS IN AMERICA

• 36. What is a interest group?

• Interest Group: a group of people with common goals who organize to influence government

• 37. List 5 interest group roles:

1. Representation

2. Participation

3. Education

4. Agenda Building

5. Program Monitoring

INTEREST GROUP RESOURCES

• 38. What is a political action committee?

• Political Action Committees (PACs): an organization that pools contributions from group members and donates those funds to candidates for office

INTEREST GROUPS AND BIAS

• 39. What is a citizen group?

• Citizen Groups: lobbying organizations built around policy concerns unrelated to members’ vocational interests

•40. Name 3 citizen groups:

•citizen groups: poverty, environmental

protection, consumer protection, family values, good government, equality for various groups

INTEREST GROUP RESOURCES

• 41. Define Lobbyists?

• Lobbyists- people who interact with policymakers/legislators with the goal of informing and pushing their organizations agenda into congress.

42. LIST AND EXPLAIN 3 LOBBYING TACTICS

• Direct Lobbying: attempts to influence a legislator’s vote through personal contact

• Grassroots Lobbying: lobbying activities performed by rank-and-file interest group members and would-be members

• Information Campaign: are organized efforts to gain public backing by bringing the group’s views to public attention

• High-Tech Lobbying: using e-mail, polling and the World Wide Web to expand an organization’s reach

• Coalition Building: the banding together of several interest groups for the purpose of lobbying

GOVERNMENT CORPORATIONS/INDEPENDENT REGULATORY AGENCIES

• 43. What is a government corporation?

• A GOVERNMENT CORPORATION IS A CORPORATION FULLY OR PARTIALLY

OWNED BY THE GOVERNMENT.

• 43. Also provide 1 example

• GOVERNMENT CORPORTATIONS EXAMPLES:-USPS,FDIC

GOVERNMENT CORPORATIONS/INDEPENDENT REGULATORY AGENCIES

• 44. What is an independent regulatory agency?

• INDEPENDENT REGULATORY AGENCIES: Independent agencies of the United States federal government are those agencies that exist outside of the federal executive departments

• More specifically, the term may be used to describe agencies that, while constitutionally part of the executive branch, are independent of presidential control, usually because the president's power to dismiss the agency head or a member is limited.

• 44. Also provide 1 example

• IRA EXAMPLES: CIA, FBI, DEA

THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH ESTABLISHMENT

•45. Define the Presidential Cabinet

•Cabinet: a group of presidential advisers; the heads of the executive departments and a small number of other key officials

THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH ESTABLISHMENT

• 46. List 5 President Cabinet Positions:

• The Cabinet includes the Vice President and the heads of 15 executive departments — the Secretaries of Agriculture, Commerce, Defense, Education, Energy, Health and Human Services, Homeland Security, Housing and Urban Development, Interior, Labor, State, Transportation, Treasury, and Veterans Affairs, as well as the Attorney General.