Warm UP

1)  Create a political cartoon that argues for/against a foreign policy of imperialism

2)  You may research existing political cartoons but yours should be a unique work that is original

3)  Things to think about: A.  What is imperialism, who does imperialism benefit, who

does imperialism hurt, is imperialism fair, what are some everyday examples that we can compare imperialism to, what are some images that represent imperialism

Do Now

①  Read the Spanish-American War assignment and answer the questions that follow along with the reading

②  You may work with a partner on this to gather some background information on the Spanish-American War

THE SPANISH - AMERICAN WAR (1898)

VS.

Imperial America

I.  The United States has already used imperialism to expand into Alaska & Hawaii

II.  The US then focused on Cuba (an island nation only 90

miles south of Florida) III.  Cuba was a Spanish colony but the island fought multiple

unsuccessful attempts to gain their independence A.  Jose Marti (a Cuban) began another Cuban independence

movement in 1895

5

Background:

The PhilippinesCubaUSA

The Causes of the Spanish-American War

I.  U.S. Interest in Cuba & Imperialism

II.  Jose Marti – A Cuban Revolutionary in U.S.

III.  Yellow Journalism

IV.  De Lome Letter

V.  Explosion of the USS Maine

CAUSE #1 = U.S. Interest In Cuba

I.  The U.S. had wanted Cuba for a long time

II.  1854 – USA tried to buy Cuba from Spain

III.  Business interests: A.  Sugar Cane

B.  Coffee

C.  RUM

D.  Trading Partner

IV.  Many Americans supported Cuban efforts to free themselves from Spanish rule

CAUSE #2 = Jose Marti

I.  Cuban Revolutionary (fighting for independence) living in exile in NY

II.  Marti gained US support for Cuban independence

III.  American opinion was split A.  Rich Americans supported Spain to protect their investments

B.  Other Americans enthusiastic about rebel cause – Cuba Libre!

IV.  Marti was successful in convincing many Americans to support Cuba and go to war against Spain

CAUSE #3 = Yellow Journalism

I.  Yellow journalism is exaggerated news media stories designed to persuade readers into supporting war with Spain

A.  FAKE NEWS!

B.  Media leaders – William Randolph Hearst (NY Journal) and Joseph Pulitzer (NY World)

II.  Published opinionated articles to push for war with Spain

A.  Made American people hate the Spanish through news articles

III.  Yellow journalism convinced the American people to support the Cubans and want to go to war with Spain

CAUSE #4 = De Lome Letter

I.  President McKinley wanted to avoid a war with Spain using diplomacy (talking problems out)

A.  Initially diplomacy worked

B.  Spain offers Cuba limited self-government

II.  In Feb. of 1898: Spanish diplomat Enrique De Lome writes a letter to the Cuban government calling McKinley weak/coward

III.  The De Lome letter was leaked to the newspapers and greatly increased anti-Spain feelings in the U.S.A.

IV.  U.S.A. is mad that Spain insulted our President and wanted a war

Cause #5 = USS Maine Explodes

I.  In Feb. of 1898 the USS Maine was sent to Cuban to bring Americans home

II.  Feb. 15, 1898 the USS Maine mysteriously exploded in Havana harbor

A.  260 Americans were killed

III.  The American media blamed the explosion of the USS Maine on the Spanish government

IV.  The American public is angry with Spain and demanded WAR!

“REMEMBER THE MAINE AND TO HELL WITH SPAIN!!!!

USS MAINE

FUNERAL FOR USS MAINE CREW IN HAVANA

I.  ON APRIL 20, 1898 THE U.S.A. OFFICIALLY DECLARED WAR ON SPAIN

WAR IS DECLARED

BATTLES OF SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR (1898)

STEP #1 - Conquer the Philippines

I.  The Philippines were another Spanish colony II.  U.S.A. attacked Philippines one week after

declaring war on Spain I.  Spain -381 killed vs. US – 0 killed

II.  American navy attacked Spanish fleet in Manila Bay, Philippines

III.  Filipinos joined the U.S. in the fight against Spain

IV.  August 1898 Spanish troops in Philippines surrendered to U.S.A.

Philippines I.  Gave US possible ports and naval bases in Asia

STEP #2 Attack Cuba

I.  The U.S. navy surrounded the Spanish fleet stationed in Cuba and blockaded (kept) them from leaving Cuba

II.  American troops were then sent into Cuban to fight along Cuban rebel forces against the Spanish

A.  U.S.A. has small professional army à large volunteer fighting force is sent to Cuba

III.  American troops landed in Santiago led by the Rough Riders A.  Volunteer American cavalry unit led by Theodore Roosevelt B.  The Rough Riders won a major victory at the Battle of San Juan

Hill & Kettle Hill

STEP #3 End the War

I.  After victories at Kettle Hill & San Juan Hill in Cuba the U.S.A. invaded Spanish Puerto Rico

II.  U.S.A. then destroyed the Spanish army & navy

III.  August 12, 1898 Spain & U.S.A. agree to cease fire A.  The actual fighting had only lasted 15 weeks

IV.  December 10, 1898 the Spain and the U.S.A. agree to the Treaty of Paris officially ending the war

The Treaty of Paris

I.  Cuba gained independence from Spain A.  Became a U.S. protectorate (American controls much of

Cuban government)

II.  Spain gave the U.S.A.: A.  Guam B.  Puerto Rico

III.  Spain sold the U.S.A. the Philippines for $20 million IV.  The U.S.A. used imperialism to control these territories

and becomes a world power!

Are You With Me???

①  List and explain the five causes of the Spanish-American War: ①  ②  ③  ④  ⑤ 

②  What three islands did the U.S.A. invade during the Spanish-American War?

①  ②  ③ 

Are You With Me???

③  What treaty officially ended the Spanish-American War?

④  What territories did the U.S.A. acquire from the Spanish-American War?

⑤  What did the U.S.A. become as a result of the Spanish-American War?