Unit 3 Ch 4Objectives:1. Describe how ions combine to form neutral ionic compounds. 3.5 B SC 12.2.1.a2. Write formulas for binary compounds. 3.5 B3. Determine the type of compound: Acid, Base, Salt, or Molecule. 4.1, 4.2, PT4. Correctly name the 4 types of compounds: acid, base, salt, or molecule. 4.1 and 4.2, PT5. Write formulas for compounds containing polyatomic ions, determine the type of compound, and then correctly naming it. 4.2 SC 12.2.1.a6. Determine the unknown charge of an ion within a balanced compound. 4.1 A SC 12.2.1.a & SC 12.2.1.g7. Name compounds from their formulas. 4.2 C 8. Test for chemical properties of ions to identify them in solutions. Lab SC 12.2.1.g & SC 12.1.1.a & SC 12.1.1.b & SC 12.1.1.d

PDPS

DESCRIBE

Unit 2 Test Day lecture

Online test code: 2Read Pages: pg93-102When done, start on

Vocabulary, we’ll lecture and work some new stuff soon

Information given in a formula.

MgCl2

Subscript

How many of each atom are present?

coefficient

3

Mg +2 Cl-1

Cl-1

Mg +2 Cl-1

Cl-1

Mg +2 Cl-1

Cl-1

Information given in a formula.

Mg(NO3)2

Subscripts

How many of each atom are present?

Mg +2 NO3-1

NO3-1

coefficient

4

Mg +2 NO3-1

NO3-1

Mg +2 NO3-1

NO3-1

Mg +2 NO3-1

NO3-1

Can you count Atoms & ions

Na2O

Ca3PO4

Al2(SO3)4

(NH4)2Cr2O7

You tryAl(C2H302)3

Mo(ClO3)6

1. how many of each atom?

2. how many of the various

polyatomic ions groups?

See Handout

Notes to help identify substances

Notes to help identify substancesAtom just a symbol  

Diatomic element

one of the 7 that are found in nature combined with themselves (see back of PT by the paw.

Simple ion

a charged atom Cation or Anion

  

Polyatomic ion a charged molecule (two or more symbols that carry a charge)

See the list on the back of the PT. If you see more that 2 symbols in the formula look at this list. Be careful though of the acids.

Molecule

(will be two non metals) only see two symbols.

 Acid start with H. Basically a hydrogen acting as a cation bonded to an anion.

(a list is shown on the back of the PT.) should be able to name these right away.

 

Ionic (AKA Salts) will be a cation with an anion.

Metal to nonmetal, Metal to polyatomic ion, or polyatomic ion to nonmetal, or poly to poly

If it begins with a metal, it’s a salt

If it begins with NH4, it’s a salt

Base

(a special salt that is a cation bonded to and OH- group.)

Practice identifying (like a pre-test)What are these? (IMAB or ion)

CaCl2 NO Li+

Li SO2 HCl NH4Cl

Al2(SO4)3 Ca3N2 LiOH

NaF H2SO4 S2O5 I I -1

CH4 I2 C3H8

Try the identifying with other students

Bonding

Why do elements bond?Be able to do all objecives

Plan:Binary I, II & polyAcid & base* (*special ionic)Molecule (binary II)Common ions lab

THINKINGA metal bonded to a nonmetal form a

______ bondBonding involves only _____ electronsAll atoms want a ____ outer shell of e-sAn atom that has lost of gained e-s is

called ___Non metal tend to ____ outer shell e-s Metals tend to ____ outer shell e-s

DO

READ BOOK 93-102GREEN PACKET 1-3

Intro notes

Try this worksheet

Teach binary I, binary II and polyatomicsRoman numbers must be

used

Polyatomic ions

These are charged groups of atomsKey: treat like all others, but use parenthesis

Ionic board game

Assignment

Nomenclature packet pages 1-9 and my “cloud” worksheet

Today in Chemistry -outlineAs you come in: Read Lab,

Discuss pg 8-9 (walk by)Charge on metal in B group saltLab homework. Pg 3 & 12

Given a formula find the roman number and name

How do we find the charge on a metal in a compound? The simplest answer is to work backwards. We know that Oxygen has a charge of –2, so how would a –2 and Fe, come to become a 1 to 1 ratio?

FeO Fe (X) + O –2

If you said that Fe would have to have a +2 charge, then you are correct. The charge on this metal, was +2. therefore, the name would be Iron(II)Oxide.

Really I can teach you 3 waysBackwardsPicturesMath method

Let me show you each on the board with the first couple on the next slide

Let’s Try some

NiO Fe2(CO3)3

PbCl4 Hg3N2

MnPO4 Ru2(CrO4)5

Name TheseCu3(PO4)2 CuOWO2

Fe2O3

Ni3N2

Charge of the ion or atom in a compound or ion.

Cu3(PO4)2 (name this)

H2SO4 (charge of S)

C2H3O2-1 (charge of C)

What is the correct name for Sn3(PO4)2 (what is the charge of P in this beast?)

Green packet WS discussion

Goal of the lab

To run standard tests with common ions and compare these results to an unknown sample with the intent to discover what is in that unknown

Common ions LabDo each test one at a time

including the unknown.# unknown, use little and store

as directed!Wash everything (use special

soap that has NO ions. and rinse with distilled H2O

See Board for procedures and comments

What type of data will we be looking at?

sample data 1 I doItem to test Positive Negative Unknown A Unknown B

grape juice bubbles in Baking Soda

transparent or clear in BS clear in BS yellow gas in

bs

phlegm

clears up and becomes transparent in Acid

yellow gas bubbles in acid

bubbles in acid

black solid in acid

Slimeblack ppt. in CuCl2

clear in CuCl2darb brown ppt in CuCl2

light reg gas in CuCl2

sample data 2 We doItem to test Positive Negative Unknown C Unknown D

grape juice bubbles in Baking Soda

transparent or clear in BS

smoke comes off in BS clear in BS

phlegm

clears up and becomes transparent in Acid

yellow gas bubbles in acid

yellow gas in Acid

nothing happened

Slime black ppt. in KCl

clear ripple looking in KCl Clear in KCl Dark ppt. in

KCl

sample data 3 y’all do

Item to test Positive Negative

apple juicebubbles in Ca(OH)2

bubbles in Ca(OH)2

Blah

clears up and becomes transparent in Acid

yellow gas bubbles in acid

blood black ppt. in FeO brownish ppt. in FeO

What questions do you have?QuizGet unknown (one per group)Do LabCheck homework sometime

today or tomorrow

Assignment

Complete your lab & packet pages as posted in class

S2015 pg 3 & 12 in packet

After Ions Lab 1So far: salt naming, acid

naming, ion lab 1,DISCUSS PAGE 3 IN PACKET &

PG 12Now: background on some of

these & molecule namingIon lab part 2

Green packet WS discussion

Name TheseCu3(PO4)2 CuOWO2

Fe2O3

Ni3N2

TaP

Sample Probs: Charge of the ion or atom in a compound or ion.

Cu3(PO4)2 (name this)

H2SO4 (charge of S)

C2H3O2-1 (charge of C)

What is the correct name for Sn3(PO4)2 (what is the charge of P in this beast?)

Background information on all of these types of compounds

IMAB Lecture

Take notes.

Turn your notebook sideways for these.

Ionic Sometimes called salts Many times they are white powders, colored powders or

crystals Ions are charged particles and stick together to make

neutral compounds. (conduct in solution or molten) Picture on pg. 81. NaCl Show how Na & Cl stack

together in to a cube. NaCl is called a formula unit. That is the lowest whole number ratio of ions in the compound

Ionic (cont.)Look at charges or oxidation number on the

periodic table. Metals are + (cations), nonmetals are - (anions)What is listed on our P.T. is just the most common

charge.FYI: When they dissolve, the dissociate in to ions

floating around. (ask for a drawing)

Ionic (cont.)

Ionic compounds & Bonding (formula units)

What does the charge have to add up to in a compound (balanced formula)

Metal to nonmetal Be able to name these and write formulas given a name. Be able to find and use roman numbers when appropriate.

How do we find the roman number?3 methods

Backward, picture, or math.

Polyatomic ions

Metal w/ Polyatomic ion Polyatomic to polyatomic Poly to nonmetal. Discuss the charges. SO4 –2 (note: the charge on

the whole SO4 is –2

We treat these just like a single unit!

These are still ionic!

AcidSee PT & my packet What do acid formulas begin with? begin with H

It is a self contained molecule. HCl HC2H3O2 acetic acidH3PO4

H2SO4

I would suggest they memorize the ic acids and the ate salts they make up.

Many of the polyatomic ions come from these.

BaseBases are a cation with a hydroxide (which

is a polyatomic ion) These are special saltsSome examples

Sodium hydroxideBarium hydroxideAluminum Hydroxide

NOTE These are ionic and will form crystals like them.

Name to formula: parenthesis are needed.

Molecule Non metal & non metal Examples CO2 CH4 N2O5

what is the formula for carbon tetrachloride How do these differ from ionic? (they share electrons) Diagram (sharing) (PUT ON BOARD) They don’t have a charge & they become “happy” by

sharing and are a self-contained unit. (we don’t reduce the formula like we do for Formula units)

No crystal lattice structure like ionic H O N Cl Br I F (describe how these happen)

DIATOMICS: SEE YOUR P.T. These are the elements that are not found alone.

see this page in packet

Practice naming molecules

CO NH4

N2O5 SF6

SO2 P7F3

H20

Remind them of HONClBrF’s

Naming flowchartDo you see more

than 2 elemental symbols?

Does it begin with H? It’s binary. Does it start with a metal?

It’s an Acid. Use the back of your PT to name it

It’s a salt. Does it contain a metals from a B group?

Find the charge on the metal by using math, working backward or drawing a picture. Use this charge as a roman number in the name. Then follow this by the anion’s name.

Name the cation followed by the anion using the back of your PT for the polynomial

It’s a salt. Does it contain metals from the B group?

It’s a molecule. Use prefixes to name the number of each element. There is NO WORK involved and no swapping of charges. Just write them down.

Name the cation followed by the anion and it should end in IDE

Find the charge on the metal by using math, working backward or drawing a picture. Use this charge as a roman number in the name. Follow this with the name of the anion (it ends in IdE

Practice naming & identifying

What are these? (IMAB or ion) Don’t just name them

Ca(OH)2 NO Li+

SO2 HCl NH4Cl

Al2(SO4)3 (NH4) 3PO4 LiOH

H2SO4 H3PO4

S2O5 K9P NH4IO3

CH4 C3H8 CuC2H3O2

Acids

Ca(OH)2 NO Li+

SO2 HCl NH4Cl

Al2(SO4)3 (NH4) 3PO4 LiOH

H2SO4 H3PO4

S2O5 K9P NH4IO3

CH4 C3H8 CuC2H3O2

Bases

Ca(OH)2 NO Li+

SO2 HCl NH4Cl

Al2(SO4)3 (NH4) 3PO4 LiOH

H2SO4 H3PO4

S2O5 K9P NH4IO3

CH4 C3H8 CuC2H3O2

Ionic & molecule

LAB part 2

AFTER LAB AND REVIEW THUS FAROptions:

HUGE QUIZ (additional work for those who struggle)

POSSIBLE Book probs: pg 118-120 6, 8, 13, 19 NOT B, 21, 25, 26, 29 A E H I J K L, 32 Not C

REVIEW FOR TEST

What you should be able to do.Name to formula, formula to nameWhat will an atom look like (formula)

Diatomics? HONClBrIF’s

What will an ion look like? (symbol/formula/name)

What will a salt look like? (symbol/formula/name)

What will a molecule look like? (symbol/formula/name)

What will an acid look like? (symbol/formula/name)

What you should be able to do. How are salts namedHow are acids namedHow are simple molecules namedHow do you find the name of a

polyatomic ionWhich compounds include organic

substances Carbon is contained in organic substances. FYI

Cations, anions, # p, n, e etc.