unit 3: day 8mrsichakpchs.weebly.com/uploads/1/1/2/3/11239671/...unit 3: day 8 the diffusion of...
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Unit 3: Day 8
The Diffusion of Language
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How do languages diffuse?
•Human interaction
•Print distribution
•Migration
•Trade
•Rise of nation-states
•Colonialism
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Origins of Proto-Indo European LanguageRenfrew Hypothesis: Began in the Fertile
Crescent, and then
•Europe’s languages from Anatolia
•North Africa and Arabia’s languages from the
Western Arc of Fertile Crescent
•Southwest Asia and South Asia’s languages from
the Eastern Arc of Fertile Crescent
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Agricultural Theory
With increased food
supply and population,
migration of speakers
from the hearth of
Indo-European
languages into Europe
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Dispersal Theory
•From the hearth
eastward into
present-day Iran
•Around the
Caspian
•Into Europe
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ISOLATED LANGUAGE - a language that is not related to
any other languages and thus not connected to any
language families. Examples include Basque and Korean.
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Pre Indo European Survivor•The best example of an
isolated language in Europe
is Basque.
•Basque is spoken by 1
million people in the
Pyrenees Mountains.
Spoken by the Basque
and in no way related to
any other language family
in Europe
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An unchanging Language: Icelandic
•Unlike Basque, Icelandic is related to other languages.
•Icelandic’s significance is that over the past thousand years it has changed less than any other in the Germanic branch.
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Diffusion of English in 10 Minutes
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English as a Lingua Franca
•English as lingua franca for
–Commerce
–Science
–Travel
–Business
–Popular culture
•Continued use of native
languages for day-to-day
activities
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Some facts about English
•English is spoken as a first language by 427 million
•English is spoken as a second language by another 350 million
•English is the most widely taught language in over 100
countries
•In 70 countries English has official status:
–more than any other language