Unit 2—Chapters 3 – 4Industrialization and Progressivism

CSS 11.1, 11.2, 11.3. 11.5, 11.6

1877 - 1917

Part TwoImmigration and Urbanization

EQ: Why did immigrants come to the US, and how did they impact society?

So what “I” word is in America’s future?

Immigration

• New Immigration• Immigrants in the first half of the 1800s

came from Northern Europe• German, English, French, Dutch, Irish

• In the late 1800s/early 1900s immigrants mostly came from Southern and Eastern Europe• Jewish, Polish, Italian, Greek, Russian

Push/Pull Factors

• Push Factors• Political & Religious Persecution• Poverty

• Pull Factors• Freedom• “Unlimited” Opportunity• Work

Nativism

• prejudicial reaction to the large wave of immigrants

• wanted to set quotas (limits) or stop the immigration of non-white, non-protestant people

• Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882• banned Chinese immigration and blocked

Chinese from becoming US citizens til 1943

• American Protective Association, 1887• tried to limit Catholic immigration into the US• also tried to ban Catholics from teaching in

public schools or holding office

Immigration

• Social Gospel Movement• applied Christian beliefs to solve social

problems• targeted poverty, inequality, liquor, crime,

racial tensions, slums, bad hygiene, poor schools, and the danger of war

• included groups like the YMCA and the Salvation Army• the YMCA (James Naismath) invented

basketball in 1891

Immigration

• Settlement Houses• Jane Addams set up Hull House

in Chicago to help immigrants adjust to America

• people donated time and money to help the poor

• she provided day care, public baths, job training, and language lessons

• about 2,000 a week were helped• Addams promoted reforms for

workers’, women’s, and immigrant rights

• by 1911, there were over 1400 settlement houses in the US

• she won the Nobel Prize in 1931

The Statue of Liberty

"Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries sheWith silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor,Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me,I lift my lamp beside the golden door!

“The New Colossus,” Emma Lazarus, 1883

Immigrant Experience

• Ellis and Angel Island• Overcrowded Ethnic neighborhoods• Dangerous working conditions• Poor pay

Part TwoCities and Cultural Trends

EQ: Why did immigrants come to the US, and how did they impact society?

Urbanization - Background

• the rapid growth of cities created new problems

• housing, transportation, water, and sanitation, firefighting and crime

• from 1820 to 1914 immigration exploded•30,000,000 Europeans•700,000 Asians•900,000 Latin Americans

Dawn of Mass Culture

• Americans began to share common culture more than ever before• newspaper circulation wars• rise of motion pictures (The Great Train

Robbery)• nickelodeon

• height of PT Barnum’s traveling circus

Activity

• America Video