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UNIT 2: THE SOUNDS OF ENGLISH

ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/2015

Teacher: María del Valle

Conservatorio Superior de Música de Murcia

Manuel Massotti Littel 

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Sounds ( phonemes) are not letters (graphemes)……

[he)lFx / aqm Di: )qCglqH )ti:tHF(r)   / aq laqk

)gFxqC tF DF )sqnFmF Fnd )kxkqC / Fnd

aq lyv )ti:tHqC Ft Dqs kFn)sE:vFtwà:(r)   /

aq wE:(r)k hqF(r)   s qns tu: )BaxzFnd Fnd

sqks / à:(r)   ju: )redq tF lE:(r)n )qCglqH

fF)netqks]

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… and letters are not sounds:

Hello, I’m the English teacher. I like going to the cinema

and cooking, and I love teaching at this Conservatoire.

I work here since 2006. Are you ready to learn English

Phonetics?

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3 parameters

1st VOICING:Does the sound vibrate or not? 

2nd PLACE OF ARTICULATION:Where is the sound produced?

3rd MANNER OF ARTICULATION:

How is the sound produced? 

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   1   s   t   V   o

   i   c   i   n   g   :

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VOICED UNVOICED = VOICELESS

ball   [bc:l] Paul [pc:l]do [du:] to [tu:]

gone   [gon] con [kon]van [vAn] fan [f n]

teethe [ti:D] teeth   [ti:B]

gin [dGqn] chin   [tHqn]

zoo   [zu:] Sue   [su:]

   1   s   t   V   o

   i   c   i   n   g   :

A sentence to keep in your brain the voiced consonants:

the very large ball is measured , good morning

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   2   n    d   P

    l   a   c   e   o    f   a   r   t   i   c   u    l   a   t

   i   o   n   : Lips: bilabial

Upper teeth & lower lips:

labiodental

Teeth: dental

Alveolar ridge: alveolar

Back of alveolar ridge:

post-alveolar

Hard palate: palatal

Velum/soft palate: velar

Uvula: uvular

Pharynx wall: pharyngeal

Vocal folds: glottal

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TOTAL CLOSURE

Plosive: Air is releasedexplosively [ p ] [ t ] [ k ] [ b ] [ d ] [ g ]

Nasal: Air escapes through the

nose [m] [n] [C]

Affricate: Air is released slowly

[tH] [dG]

   3   r    d   M

   a   n   n   e   r   o

    f   a   r   t   i   c   u    l   a   t   i   o   n

INTERMITTENT CLOSURE

Roll or trill: The

tongue tip against the

alveolar ridge [r]

PARTIAL CLOSURE

Lateral approximant:

Air escapes around the sides of a

closure [l]

NARROWING

Fricative: Air escapesbetween 2 vocal organs

which are very close

[f] [B] [s] [H] [h] [v][D] [z] [G] [j]

(English consonants)

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[w] and   [j]are sounds in English which have

properties of both vowels and consonants. That is

why they are called “Vowel-like consonants”,

“Semi-consonants” or “Semi-vowels”

[w]

we

whytwins

question

one

yet

beautiful

university

[j]

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3 parameters

1st

TONGUE:Does it move forwards or 

backwards? 

2nd JAW:Is it closed or opened?

3rd LIPS:

 Are they rounded or spread? 

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The vowel symbols are located at

the approximate position for the

tongue when producing them. All

vowels are voiced and the back

vowels are produced with lip-

rounding while the front vowels

are not.

THE VOWEL

TRAPIZIUM

.

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