Unit 2:Unit 2:the Cities, the Progressivesthe Cities, the Progressives

Chapters 15-16Chapters 15-16

The Great ImmigrationThe Great Immigration

A huge increase in immigration after the Civil WarA huge increase in immigration after the Civil War””

IrishIrish GermansGermans Yiddish-Speaking JewsYiddish-Speaking Jews Scandinavians (Swedes, Norwegians, Danes, FinnsScandinavians (Swedes, Norwegians, Danes, Finns

and even a few Icelanders and Faeroese)and even a few Icelanders and Faeroese) HungariansHungarians RussiansRussians ItaliansItalians SlavsSlavs EnglishEnglish

Amerikavisan (Swedish Folk Song)

Bröder vi har långt att gåBröder vi har långt att gåÖver salta vatten Över salta vatten Å så finns Amerika Å så finns Amerika Invid andra strandenInvid andra stranden

Inte är det möjlikInte är det möjlikAch jo det är så frödelikAch jo det är så frödelikSkada att AmerikaSkada att AmerikaSkada att AmerikaSkada att AmerikaLigger skall så långt ifrånLigger skall så långt ifrån

Träden som på marken stå Träden som på marken stå Söter är som sockerSöter är som sockerLandet är av flickor fulltLandet är av flickor fulltDäjeliga docker!Däjeliga docker!

Let us go brothersLet us go brothersOver the salt water Over the salt water There’s AmerikaThere’s AmerikaOn the other shoreOn the other shore

Isn’t it wonderfulIsn’t it wonderfulYes it fabulousYes it fabulousToo bad that AmericaToo bad that AmericaToo bad that AmerikaToo bad that AmerikaIs so far awayIs so far away

Trees grow in the groundTrees grow in the groundSweet as sugarSweet as sugarThe place is full of girlsThe place is full of girlsMan, that’s great!Man, that’s great!

Inte är det möjlikInte är det möjlikAk jo det är så frödelikAk jo det är så frödelikSkada att AmerikaSkada att AmerikaSkada att AmerikaSkada att AmerikaLigger skall så långt ifrånLigger skall så långt ifrån

Solen den går aldrig nedSolen den går aldrig nedSläkt i var jag människaSläkt i var jag människaHär är munterhet och sångHär är munterhet och sångKällare full ChampangjeKällare full Champangje

Inte är det möjlikInte är det möjlikAk jo det är så frödelikAk jo det är så frödelikSkada att AmerikaSkada att AmerikaSkada att AmerikaSkada att AmerikaLigger skall så långt ifrånLigger skall så långt ifrån

Isn’t it wonderfulIsn’t it wonderfulYes it fabulousYes it fabulousToo bad that AmericaToo bad that AmericaToo bad that AmerikaToo bad that AmerikaIs so far awayIs so far away

The Sun never setsThe Sun never setsAll your friends are there All your friends are there All is joy and songAll is joy and songCellars full of ChampagneCellars full of Champagne

Isn’t it wonderfulIsn’t it wonderfulYes it fabulousYes it fabulousToo bad that AmericaToo bad that AmericaToo bad that AmerikaToo bad that AmerikaIs so far awayIs so far away

The American Workforce:The American Workforce: Immigrants ImpactImmigrants Impact

Workers came to alleviate labor shortageWorkers came to alleviate labor shortage Workers slowly became prosperousWorkers slowly became prosperous Self-Help SocietiesSelf-Help Societies AssimmilationAssimmilation No assistance from government, more or No assistance from government, more or

lessless

Part IIIPart III

Bright Lights – Big CityBright Lights – Big CityThe Growth of America’s Cities at The Growth of America’s Cities at

the turn of the Centurythe turn of the Century

The Growth of the CityThe Growth of the City

Physical Changes to the City LandscapePhysical Changes to the City Landscape Mass TransitMass Transit PavingPaving SewersSewers ParksParks City ServicesCity Services SkyscrapersSkyscrapers Electricity and gasElectricity and gas

Flatiron BuildingFlatiron Building

New York CityNew York City

Carson Pirie Scott Bldg.Carson Pirie Scott Bldg.

(1903)(1903)

1 South State St.1 South State St.

Chicago, ILChicago, IL

Hamm Building (1915)Hamm Building (1915)

408 St. Peter St. St. Paul, MN408 St. Peter St. St. Paul, MN

TenementsTenementsRow Houses Row Houses

3-Deckers3-Deckers

Minneapolis-St. Paul, 1880Minneapolis-St. Paul, 1880

Baseball in the 19Baseball in the 19thth and and early 20early 20thth Century Century

Adrian “Cap” AnsonAdrian “Cap” Anson Honus WagnerHonus Wagner

Baseball in the 19Baseball in the 19thth Century Century

Christopher Von der AheChristopher Von der Ahe““Old Hoss” RadbourneOld Hoss” Radbourne

Status Quo Politics in the Gilded AgeStatus Quo Politics in the Gilded Age

Five Presidents between 1877-1893Five Presidents between 1877-1893 Rutherford B. Hayes (1877-1881) - RepublicanRutherford B. Hayes (1877-1881) - Republican James Garfield (1881) – Republican -assassinatedJames Garfield (1881) – Republican -assassinated Chester A. Arthur (1881-1885) -RepublicanChester A. Arthur (1881-1885) -Republican Grover Cleveland (1885-1889) -DemocratGrover Cleveland (1885-1889) -Democrat Benjamin Harrison (1889-1893) -RepublicanBenjamin Harrison (1889-1893) -Republican

Little difference between the parties, or factions within the Little difference between the parties, or factions within the partiesparties

Biggest Issues of the TimeBiggest Issues of the Time

Patronage & Spoils System ReformPatronage & Spoils System Reform 1883 Pendleton Act1883 Pendleton Act

Regulation of RailroadsRegulation of Railroads The TariffThe Tariff

The PopulistsThe Populists

Economics of the 1890’s

(Depression of 1893)– Farm foreclosures– Railroad bankruptcies– Stock market drop– Unemployment up– Farmers suffering in profits

Farmers needed organization & representation:

The Grange Movement & Farmer’s Alliances:

The Populist Platform in 1892The Populist Platform in 1892Omaha, NebraskaOmaha, Nebraska

Labor UnionsLabor Unions, which give a voice to workers, be , which give a voice to workers, be allowed to exist.allowed to exist.

Transportation & Communication,Transportation & Communication, owned by the owned by the governmentgovernment

LandLand, should be cheap, should be cheap BanksBanks owned by the government owned by the government Australian BallotAustralian Ballot 16-116-1 ratio of Silver to Gold in currency ratio of Silver to Gold in currency Graduated Income TaxGraduated Income Tax Direct Election of SenatorsDirect Election of Senators

Election of 1896Election of 1896

William Jennings BryanWilliam Jennings Bryan (D)(D)

--supported bimetallismsupported bimetallism-Was supported by Populism-Was supported by Populism- Delivered “cross of gold Delivered “cross of gold

speech”speech”- Rep. called him radical, Rep. called him radical,

revolutionary, and revolutionary, and anarchisticanarchistic

William McKinleyWilliam McKinley (R) (R)- Gold bugGold bug- Front-porch campaign & Front-porch campaign &

Mark HannaMark Hanna- Called upon big business Called upon big business

and raised a lot of moneyand raised a lot of money- Wins election, but the door Wins election, but the door

is open for reform and is open for reform and eventual Progressivismeventual Progressivism

Dorothy-Dorothy- Everyman – Everyman Everyman – Everyman

Uncle Henry & Auntie Em – Uncle Henry & Auntie Em – Lonely independent HomesteadersLonely independent Homesteaders

Hard working, little reward, everything is greyHard working, little reward, everything is grey

Wicked Witch of the WestWicked Witch of the West- the Railroads- the Railroads

Wicked Witch of the EastWicked Witch of the East-the Banks-the Banks

MunchkinsMunchkins- Factory “slaves” to the big business- - Factory “slaves” to the big business- remember the Wicked Witch of the East had cast a spell on remember the Wicked Witch of the East had cast a spell on them making the Munchkins her subjects. Or the Indians?them making the Munchkins her subjects. Or the Indians?

Tin Woodman-Tin Woodman- Industrial worker who lost economic Industrial worker who lost economic independence because of factoriesindependence because of factories..

ScarecrowScarecrow-Farmers-Farmers

Lion-Lion- Bryan Bryan

Wizard of OzWizard of Oz – any POTUS from Grant to McKinley - – any POTUS from Grant to McKinley - comes in comes in

various forms but essentially does the various forms but essentially does the same thing- same thing- nothing but smoke. nothing but smoke.

Yellow Brick RoadYellow Brick Road-- the Gold standard the Gold standard

Silver slippersSilver slippers (in the book they were silver) bimetallism (in the book they were silver) bimetallism Flying MonkeysFlying Monkeys – Pinkertons – Pinkertons

Emerald CityEmerald City-- Big Cities specifically Washington D.C. Big Cities specifically Washington D.C.

Goals of the ProgressivesGoals of the Progressives Protecting Social WelfareProtecting Social Welfare

Address urban problemsAddress urban problems YMCA, Salvation Army, Illinois Factory ActYMCA, Salvation Army, Illinois Factory Act

Promoting Moral ImprovementPromoting Moral Improvement Reformers believed that morality was the key to improving the lives of workers & Reformers believed that morality was the key to improving the lives of workers &

immigrants.immigrants. Prohibition & WCTUProhibition & WCTU

Creating Economic ReformCreating Economic Reform Sought to change the economic system full of struggling immigrantsSought to change the economic system full of struggling immigrants Thoughts of Socialism & Eugene DebsThoughts of Socialism & Eugene Debs

Fostering EfficiencyFostering Efficiency

Progressive PresidentsProgressive Presidents

Roosevelt and his Square DealRoosevelt and his Square Deal Northern Securities CaseNorthern Securities Case Coal Strike of 1902Coal Strike of 1902 Pure Food and Drug ActPure Food and Drug Act Meat Inspection ActMeat Inspection Act Hepburn ActHepburn Act Newlands ActNewlands Act

Progressive PresidentsProgressive Presidents

TaftTaft Roosevelt’s giant shadowRoosevelt’s giant shadow Payne-Aldrich TariffPayne-Aldrich Tariff

Progressive PresidentsProgressive Presidents

Wilson’s New FreedomWilson’s New Freedom Election of 1912Election of 1912 Underwood TariffUnderwood Tariff 1616thth & 17 & 17thth Amendments Amendments Federal Reserve ActFederal Reserve Act Clayton Anti-Trust ActClayton Anti-Trust Act FTCFTC