Unit 2: The American Unit 2: The American Revolution Revolution

SS8H3: Students will analyze the role of Georgia SS8H3: Students will analyze the role of Georgia

in the American Revolutionin the American Revolution

1. French and Indian War1. French and Indian War French and Native French and Native

Americans vs. the Americans vs. the English (1754-1763)English (1754-1763)

Fought over landFought over land English won: gained English won: gained

Canada and all land Canada and all land west of the Mississippi west of the Mississippi RiverRiver

HUGELY expensive for HUGELY expensive for English English

Colonists fought, Colonists fought, hoping to be paid in hoping to be paid in land land

2. Result of the War for colonists2. Result of the War for colonists

Colonists unhappy: Parliament Colonists unhappy: Parliament wanted colonists to pay off England’s wanted colonists to pay off England’s war debtwar debt

King George III issued the King George III issued the Proclamation of 1763Proclamation of 1763::– Stopped colonists from settling West of Stopped colonists from settling West of

Mississippi RiverMississippi RiverReasons- England wanted to avoid another Reasons- England wanted to avoid another

costly war with Native Americans (England costly war with Native Americans (England was broke) was broke)

3.Taxes… 3.Taxes…

Colonial governments were previously in Colonial governments were previously in charge of taxescharge of taxes

Parliament stepped in- issued taxes to help Parliament stepped in- issued taxes to help pay war debtpay war debt

Colonists very upsetColonists very upset

4. Stamp Act4. Stamp Act

Parliament taxed items used by everyone: Parliament taxed items used by everyone: newspapers, licenses, legal documentsnewspapers, licenses, legal documents

Colonists not upset about taxes—they Colonists not upset about taxes—they were upset because they were being taxed were upset because they were being taxed without being represented in Parliamentwithout being represented in Parliament

““NO TAXATION WITHOUT NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!!” REPRESENTATION!!”

5. Violence ensues…5. Violence ensues…

Colonists (especially up North) often:Colonists (especially up North) often:

– attacked or tar-and-feathered British tax attacked or tar-and-feathered British tax collectorscollectors

– Attacked homes of British officialsAttacked homes of British officials

– Formed the Sons of Liberty, an Formed the Sons of Liberty, an organized rebellious grouporganized rebellious group

Reactions of colonists to Stamp ActReactions of colonists to Stamp Act

6. Boston Tea Party6. Boston Tea Party

Sons of Liberty- Patriot rebels who wanted Sons of Liberty- Patriot rebels who wanted to disrupt British ruleto disrupt British rule– 1773: Destroyed British tea supplies in protest 1773: Destroyed British tea supplies in protest

of taxesof taxes– $1.7 million in tea losses for British$1.7 million in tea losses for British– British response: British response:

Passed the Intolerable Acts to punish colonistsPassed the Intolerable Acts to punish colonists Shut down Boston Harbor until tea was paid forShut down Boston Harbor until tea was paid for

First official act of defiance from colonists First official act of defiance from colonists

7. Intolerable Acts7. Intolerable Acts

Punishment for Punishment for colonistscolonists– Quartering Act: Required Quartering Act: Required

colonists to provide food colonists to provide food and shelter to British and shelter to British troops, at colonist’s troops, at colonist’s expenseexpense

– All political meetings All political meetings amongst colonists were amongst colonists were bannedbanned

8. Results of Intolerable Acts8. Results of Intolerable Acts

Unified colonial leadersUnified colonial leaders– Most now believed something radical must be Most now believed something radical must be

done done – Believed the British had now officially violated Believed the British had now officially violated

their rights as British coloniststheir rights as British colonists

9. First Continental Congress9. First Continental Congress

12 colony’s sent representatives to 12 colony’s sent representatives to Philadelphia in 1774 because of their Philadelphia in 1774 because of their outrageoutrage– Agreed to boycott all British goodsAgreed to boycott all British goods– All pledged military aid to All pledged military aid to

Massachusetts if British attacked themMassachusetts if British attacked them GA only colony not to send GA only colony not to send

representative (relied heavily on representative (relied heavily on trade with England) trade with England)

DiscussionDiscussion

What options do you believe the What options do you believe the colonial leaders had when discussing colonial leaders had when discussing what to do about Britain? what to do about Britain?

Why do you think they finally decided Why do you think they finally decided to separate from England? What to separate from England? What would be the pros and cons of would be the pros and cons of becoming their own country?becoming their own country?

10. Declaration of Independence10. Declaration of Independence

Drafted by Thomas Jefferson- adopted on Drafted by Thomas Jefferson- adopted on July 4July 4thth, 1776, 1776

A document that tells Britain that the A document that tells Britain that the colonies are now their own country and colonies are now their own country and are no longer under British controlare no longer under British control

3 GA signees:3 GA signees:– Button Gwinnett Button Gwinnett – Lyman HallLyman Hall– George WaltonGeorge Walton

11. Preamble11. Preamble

First part of DeclarationFirst part of Declaration Declares that all men are created Declares that all men are created

equal (debatable) and that there are equal (debatable) and that there are certain rights that cannot be deniedcertain rights that cannot be denied– LifeLife– LibertyLiberty– Pursuit of happinessPursuit of happiness

12. 212. 2ndnd and 3 and 3rdrd Parts Parts 22ndnd part: list of part: list of

grievances grievances (complaints) about (complaints) about British ruleBritish rule

33rdrd part: official part: official declaration that declaration that the colonies (now the colonies (now U.S.A.) are no U.S.A.) are no longer a part of longer a part of British Empire British Empire (severed ties with (severed ties with mother country)mother country)

Quick ResponseQuick Response

Obviously, the Americans eventually Obviously, the Americans eventually won the Revolutionary War and won the Revolutionary War and formed their own, self-governed formed their own, self-governed country. What do you think might country. What do you think might have happened had Britain won the have happened had Britain won the war instead?war instead?

13. Loyalist vs. Patriot13. Loyalist vs. Patriot

Loyalist- loyal to Britain; opposes the Loyalist- loyal to Britain; opposes the American Revolution and Declaration of American Revolution and Declaration of IndependenceIndependence

Patriot- supporter of Declaration of Patriot- supporter of Declaration of Independence; wants to self-governIndependence; wants to self-govern

14. Skirmishes lead to War14. Skirmishes lead to War

1775- Fights are breaking out 1775- Fights are breaking out constantly between British troops constantly between British troops and colonial militiasand colonial militias

Finally, these skirmishes lead to a Finally, these skirmishes lead to a full-on warfull-on war

Colonies (now states) are waging war Colonies (now states) are waging war on the most powerful country of the on the most powerful country of the time period (Britain)time period (Britain)

15. Fighting15. Fighting

Fighting is mostly Fighting is mostly done in the done in the northern colonies northern colonies (now states)(now states)

Only occasionally Only occasionally do the battles do the battles venture into the venture into the southsouth

Class DiscussionClass Discussion

Why do you think most battles are Why do you think most battles are fought in the north, and not the fought in the north, and not the south? Think of what’s in the north south? Think of what’s in the north (and who) and what’s in the south. (and who) and what’s in the south.

16. Battle of Kettle Creek16. Battle of Kettle Creek

February 14February 14thth, 1779, 1779 GA militia, led by Elijah Clarke, GA militia, led by Elijah Clarke,

attacked a British camp of 600 attacked a British camp of 600 soldierssoldiers

Victory for patriots:Victory for patriots:– raised morale of GA militiaraised morale of GA militia– Gave them needed suppliesGave them needed supplies

Battle of Kettle CreekBattle of Kettle Creek

17. Elijah Clarke17. Elijah Clarke

Led the GA militia Led the GA militia during the Battle of during the Battle of Kettle CreekKettle Creek

Became a war hero Became a war hero for his attack on for his attack on British LoyalistsBritish Loyalists

18. Austin Dabney 18. Austin Dabney

Slave who fought in the Battle of Slave who fought in the Battle of Kettle CreekKettle Creek

Fought in place of his master/ownerFought in place of his master/owner Very unusual for the South:Very unusual for the South:

– For his bravery:For his bravery:State of GA bought his freedom State of GA bought his freedom Got over 160 acres of land from GAGot over 160 acres of land from GAPaid every month for wounds he received Paid every month for wounds he received

while fighting while fighting

19. Nancy Hart19. Nancy Hart

Very sketchy stories about what she Very sketchy stories about what she diddid

Most common story:Most common story:– She’s famous for killing several loyalist She’s famous for killing several loyalist

soldiers who tried to Quarter in her soldiers who tried to Quarter in her homehome

– Became a spy for the PatriotsBecame a spy for the Patriots– Rumored to have fought in the Battle of Rumored to have fought in the Battle of

Kettle CreekKettle Creek

Dabney and HartDabney and Hart

20. Siege of Savannah20. Siege of Savannah Massive failure for the PatriotsMassive failure for the Patriots Savannah (a major port city) had been Savannah (a major port city) had been

held by the British when the revolution held by the British when the revolution beganbegan

Patriots and French tried to take it back in Patriots and French tried to take it back in 17791779

Failed miserably: after 5 days, 800 Patriots Failed miserably: after 5 days, 800 Patriots soldiers dead, 18 British soldiers deadsoldiers dead, 18 British soldiers dead

Made GA the only colony to be re-taken by Made GA the only colony to be re-taken by the British during the War the British during the War

Siege of SavannahSiege of Savannah

American Revolution Project American Revolution Project ChoicesChoices

– All choices include a presentation piece, All choices include a presentation piece, beyond the project choice itselfbeyond the project choice itself

American Revolution- Assassin’s CreedAmerican Revolution- Assassin’s Creed NewspaperNewspaper American Revolution Trading Cards GameAmerican Revolution Trading Cards Game American Revolution Model BattlefieldAmerican Revolution Model Battlefield Research PaperResearch Paper