Unit 2 Maheegun My BrotherUnit 2 Maheegun My Brother

I.   WOLF WISDOMI.   WOLF WISDOM Many of the prevailing stories depict wMany of the prevailing stories depict w

olves in a negative way--such as in Aeolves in a negative way--such as in Aesop's Fables. sop's Fables. 《伊索寓言》《伊索寓言》

伊索伊索 (( 约六世纪古希腊寓言作家约六世纪古希腊寓言作家 ,, 相传原相传原为奴隶为奴隶 ,, 善讲故事善讲故事 ,, 讽刺权贵讽刺权贵 ,, 有传世有传世 ))

通过讨论的方式，帮助学生了解通过讨论的方式，帮助学生了解

1. 1. 狼的智慧狼的智慧

In fiction, the wolf is sometimes represented as an evil, conniving carnivore In fiction, the wolf is sometimes represented as an evil, conniving carnivore which preys on small children and livestock. While wolves do sometimes prewhich preys on small children and livestock. While wolves do sometimes prey on livestock, they are responsible for a very small percentage of the livestoy on livestock, they are responsible for a very small percentage of the livestock deaths in North America. Attacks by healthy wild wolves on humans are alck deaths in North America. Attacks by healthy wild wolves on humans are almost unheard of, and there has never been a fatal attack on a human by a heamost unheard of, and there has never been a fatal attack on a human by a healthy wild wolf in North America. Those attacks that do take place might involvlthy wild wolf in North America. Those attacks that do take place might involve an unhealthy wolf, or a human who is somehow inciting the wolf to action oe an unhealthy wolf, or a human who is somehow inciting the wolf to action or impinging upon the wolf's territory. r impinging upon the wolf's territory.

Other cultures have better views of the wolf. In Roman mythology, the god MOther cultures have better views of the wolf. In Roman mythology, the god Mars considered the wolf a sacred animal, and the founders of Rome were raisars considered the wolf a sacred animal, and the founders of Rome were raised by a wolf. Native Americans also hold the wolf in high regard and believe ted by a wolf. Native Americans also hold the wolf in high regard and believe that wolves carry characteristics that humans should also find important, suchat wolves carry characteristics that humans should also find important, such as strong family structure and teaching the young.  Eastern Europeans ofteh as strong family structure and teaching the young.  Eastern Europeans often viewed wolves as protectors of the harvest.   n viewed wolves as protectors of the harvest.  

There seems to be very little in the way of a 'middle ground' about wolves.  TThere seems to be very little in the way of a 'middle ground' about wolves.  They will probably always be both revered and hated.  However, as time passehey will probably always be both revered and hated.  However, as time passes and education efforts continue, these perceptions seem to be changing to a s and education efforts continue, these perceptions seem to be changing to a more realistic view of the wolf as a vital part of a balanced ecosystem.more realistic view of the wolf as a vital part of a balanced ecosystem.

1. 1. 狼的智慧狼的智慧

Other cultures have better views of the wolf. In Roman mytholOther cultures have better views of the wolf. In Roman mythology, the god Mars considered the wolf a sacred animal, and togy, the god Mars considered the wolf a sacred animal, and the founders of Rome were raised by a wolf. Native Americans he founders of Rome were raised by a wolf. Native Americans also hold the wolf in high regard and believe that wolves carralso hold the wolf in high regard and believe that wolves carry characteristics that humans should also find important, sucy characteristics that humans should also find important, such as strong family structure and teaching the young.  Eastern h as strong family structure and teaching the young.  Eastern Europeans often viewed wolves as protectors of the harvest.   Europeans often viewed wolves as protectors of the harvest.  

There seems to be very little in the way of a 'middle ground' aThere seems to be very little in the way of a 'middle ground' about wolves.  They will probably always be both revered and bout wolves.  They will probably always be both revered and hated.  However, as time passes and education efforts continhated.  However, as time passes and education efforts continue, these perceptions seem to be changing to a more realistic ue, these perceptions seem to be changing to a more realistic view of the wolf as a vital part of a balanced ecosystem.view of the wolf as a vital part of a balanced ecosystem.

II. II.

                        喊叫“狼来了”，发假警报独居单干的人喊叫“狼来了”，发假警报独居单干的人

披着羊皮的狼骑虎难下，进退两难饿到极披着羊皮的狼骑虎难下，进退两难饿到极点免于饥饿，勉强度日说不出话来，目瞪点免于饥饿，勉强度日说不出话来，目瞪口呆丑陋已极，不中用到极点自找麻烦引口呆丑陋已极，不中用到极点自找麻烦引狼入室狼入室

Wolf PhrasesWolf Phrases cry wolfcry wolf a lone wolf a lone wolf wolf in sheep's clothingwolf in sheep's clothing have/hold a wolf by the earshave/hold a wolf by the ears have a wolf in the stomachhave a wolf in the stomach keep the wolf from the doorkeep the wolf from the door see a wolfsee a wolf ugly enough to tree a wolfugly enough to tree a wolf wake a sleeping wolfwake a sleeping wolf set the wolf to keep the sheepset the wolf to keep the sheep

IIIIII ．． EasterEaster

11 ．． The Date of EasterThe Date of Easter Prior to A.D. 325, Easter was variously celebrated on different Prior to A.D. 325, Easter was variously celebrated on different

days of the week, including Friday, Saturday, and Sunday. In tdays of the week, including Friday, Saturday, and Sunday. In that year, Emperor Constantine issued the Easter Rule which hat year, Emperor Constantine issued the Easter Rule which states that Easter shall be celebrated on the first Sunday that states that Easter shall be celebrated on the first Sunday that occurs after the first full moon on or after the vernal equinox. occurs after the first full moon on or after the vernal equinox. The "full moon" in the rule is the ecclesiastical full moon. It dThe "full moon" in the rule is the ecclesiastical full moon. It does not always occur on the same date as the astronomical foes not always occur on the same date as the astronomical full moon. The ecclesiastical "vernal equinox" is always on Maull moon. The ecclesiastical "vernal equinox" is always on March 21. Therefore, Easter must be celebrated on a Sunday betrch 21. Therefore, Easter must be celebrated on a Sunday between the dates of March 22 and April 25.ween the dates of March 22 and April 25.

2. The Easter Bunny2. The Easter Bunny       The bountiful Easter bunnies have become the most favorite The bountiful Easter bunnies have become the most favorite

Easter symbol. It's universal and secular in its appeal. And, mEaster symbol. It's universal and secular in its appeal. And, most important of all, it relates to Easter historically. ost important of all, it relates to Easter historically. 

The ancient Egyptians related hares to the moon. Egyptian >The ancient Egyptians related hares to the moon. Egyptian >Also the hare and eggs have to the Anglo-Saxon spring goddAlso the hare and eggs have to the Anglo-Saxon spring goddess Eostre. Possibly, this is because both of them were regaress Eostre. Possibly, this is because both of them were regarded to be emblems of fertility.ded to be emblems of fertility.The German immigrants, who brought in most of the Teutonic The German immigrants, who brought in most of the Teutonic Easter traditions here, made rabbits so popular among the noEaster traditions here, made rabbits so popular among the non-German kids. The German children used to have rabbit's nen-German kids. The German children used to have rabbit's nests filled with decorated eggs. They also used to build nests. sts filled with decorated eggs. They also used to build nests. They looked so attractive that even the non-German kids demThey looked so attractive that even the non-German kids demanded such gifts on the Easter.anded such gifts on the Easter.

3. The Easter Egg3. The Easter Egg As with the Easter Bunny and the holiday itself, the Easter EgAs with the Easter Bunny and the holiday itself, the Easter Eg

g predates the Christian holiday of Easter. The exchange of eg predates the Christian holiday of Easter. The exchange of eggs in the springtime is a custom that was centuries old wheggs in the springtime is a custom that was centuries old when Easter was first celebrated by Christians. n Easter was first celebrated by Christians.

From the earliest times, the egg was a symbol of rebirth in mFrom the earliest times, the egg was a symbol of rebirth in most cultures. Eggs were often wrapped in gold leaf or, if you ost cultures. Eggs were often wrapped in gold leaf or, if you were a peasant, colored brightly by boiling them with the leavwere a peasant, colored brightly by boiling them with the leaves or petals of certain flowers. es or petals of certain flowers.

Today, children hunt colored eggs and place them in Easter bToday, children hunt colored eggs and place them in Easter baskets along with the modern version of real Easter eggs -- thaskets along with the modern version of real Easter eggs -- those made of plastic or chocolate candy.ose made of plastic or chocolate candy.

  The Armenians would decorate hollow eggs with pictures of The Armenians would decorate hollow eggs with pictures of Christ, the Virgin Mary, and other religious designsChrist, the Virgin Mary, and other religious designs

4. Easter Egg Games4. Easter Egg Games   On Easter morning the children of the house join On Easter morning the children of the house join

in a search to locate the eggs that the Easter in a search to locate the eggs that the Easter Bunny had hidden while they where asleep. The Bunny had hidden while they where asleep. The searching might continue though out the house searching might continue though out the house with the older children helping the youngest. with the older children helping the youngest. Sometimes prizes of candy are awaiting the child Sometimes prizes of candy are awaiting the child finding the most eggs finding the most eggs  Easter egg hunts can are also part of a  Easter egg hunts can are also part of a community's celebration of holiday. The eggs are community's celebration of holiday. The eggs are hidden in public places and children of the hidden in public places and children of the community are invited to find the eggs community are invited to find the eggs

Easter Egg GamesEaster Egg Games

The rules of an Easter Egg Roll are to see wThe rules of an Easter Egg Roll are to see who can roll an egg the greatest distance or cho can roll an egg the greatest distance or can make the roll without breaking it, usually an make the roll without breaking it, usually down a grassy hillside or slope down a grassy hillside or slope  Maybe the most famous egg rolling takes p Maybe the most famous egg rolling takes place on the White House Lawn. Hundreds of lace on the White House Lawn. Hundreds of children come with baskets filled with brighchildren come with baskets filled with brightly decorated eggs and roll them down the ftly decorated eggs and roll them down the famous lawn, hoping the President of the Unamous lawn, hoping the President of the United States is watching the fun.ited States is watching the fun.

6. Easter Island6. Easter Island Easter Island is over 2,000 miles from the nearest pEaster Island is over 2,000 miles from the nearest p

opulation center, (Tahiti and Chile), making it one oopulation center, (Tahiti and Chile), making it one of the most isolated places on Earth. A triangle of vof the most isolated places on Earth. A triangle of volcanic rock in the  South Pacific - it is best known flcanic rock in the  South Pacific - it is best known for the giant stone monoliths, known as Moai, that dor the giant stone monoliths, known as Moai, that dot the coastline. The early settlers called the islandot the coastline. The early settlers called the island "Te Pito O Te Henua" (Navel of The World). Admira "Te Pito O Te Henua" (Navel of The World). Admiral Roggeveen, who came upon the island on Easter l Roggeveen, who came upon the island on Easter Day in 1722, named it Easter Island.Day in 1722, named it Easter Island.

  

Text Appreciation Text Appreciation I. Structure of the text (10 minutes)I. Structure of the text (10 minutes) The story can be roughly divided into four parts: the fThe story can be roughly divided into four parts: the f

irst three paragraphs serve as the introduction. The sirst three paragraphs serve as the introduction. The second part describes the happy days the boy and Maecond part describes the happy days the boy and Maheegun had together in the short period of less than heegun had together in the short period of less than a year, and how Maheegun returned to the wild where a year, and how Maheegun returned to the wild where he belonged. Next is the reunion of the two when the he belonged. Next is the reunion of the two when the boy’s life was endangered by two hungry wolves. In tboy’s life was endangered by two hungry wolves. In the concluding part, the brothers returned to the plache concluding part, the brothers returned to the place where they each belonged – the boy to his warm hoe where they each belonged – the boy to his warm home and his loved ones, the world to his kind in the wime and his loved ones, the world to his kind in the wild. The story beings in spring and ends in early sprinld. The story beings in spring and ends in early spring, in the normal sequence of Nature.g, in the normal sequence of Nature.

  

Language and style Language and style ⅠⅠ. Inversion          . Inversion          Gone was the puppy-wool coat.Gone was the puppy-wool coat. In its place was a handsome black mantle.In its place was a handsome black mantle. In sailed Mrs. Yesno, wild anger, who demaIn sailed Mrs. Yesno, wild anger, who dema

nded…nded… On the top was the clear outline of a great wOn the top was the clear outline of a great w

olf sitting still.olf sitting still. There, about 50 feet away, crouched my two There, about 50 feet away, crouched my two

attackers…attackers… There stood a giant black wolf.There stood a giant black wolf.

ⅡⅡ. Simile & phor. Simile & phor We hunted the grasshoppers that leapWe hunted the grasshoppers that leap

ed about like little rockets.ed about like little rockets. For the next two years I was as busy aFor the next two years I was as busy a

s a squirrel storing nuts for the winter.s a squirrel storing nuts for the winter. Gone was the puppy-wool coat. In its Gone was the puppy-wool coat. In its

place was a handsome black mantle.place was a handsome black mantle.

ⅢⅢ. Action expressions. Action expressions

The writer is successful in his deion of natuThe writer is successful in his deion of natural scenes, the snowstorm, for example, anral scenes, the snowstorm, for example, and the wolf – his appearance, action and mood the wolf – his appearance, action and mood. The text is rich in verbs, phrases and idiod. The text is rich in verbs, phrases and idioms denoting action. Here are some describims denoting action. Here are some describing Maheegun’s actions: upset, scatter, pokng Maheegun’s actions: upset, scatter, poke his head around the corner, lay his head be his head around the corner, lay his head between his front paws, turning his head this etween his front paws, turning his head this way and that, lick at the dried blood.way and that, lick at the dried blood.

Language Understanding Language Understanding I. Sentence Paraphrase (20 minutes)I. Sentence Paraphrase (20 minutes) 1. …Meheegun would poke his head around 1. …Meheegun would poke his head around

the corner, waiting for things to quiet down.the corner, waiting for things to quiet down.(5)(5)

––(At such times) he would moved to and sta(At such times) he would moved to and stay somewhere out of Grandma’s sight, and wy somewhere out of Grandma’s sight, and wait until her anger died down.ait until her anger died down.

The film crew waited for three hours for the The film crew waited for three hours for the sun to come up.sun to come up.

  

22 ．． Gone was the puppy-wool coat. In Gone was the puppy-wool coat. In its place was a handsome black mantlits place was a handsome black mantle. (6)e. (6)

His skin changed. It used to be covereHis skin changed. It used to be covered with soft thick hair, and now it had td with soft thick hair, and now it had turned into a beautiful black and was nurned into a beautiful black and was no longer woolly.o longer woolly.

  

33 ．． It all served to fog my mind with pleasuIt all served to fog my mind with pleasure so that I forgot my Grandpa’s repeated wre so that I forgot my Grandpa’s repeated warnings, and one night left Maheegun unchaarnings, and one night left Maheegun unchained. (8)ined. (8)

Although my Grandpa had told me to chain Although my Grandpa had told me to chain Maheegun at night, I forgot to do so one nigMaheegun at night, I forgot to do so one night – I was so happy with him that my alertneht – I was so happy with him that my alertness slackened.ss slackened.

Serve to do sth: to have a particular effect oServe to do sth: to have a particular effect or result. Fog: to confuse or hider result. Fog: to confuse or hide

  

44 ．． Then after a while, from the distance caThen after a while, from the distance came a softer call in reply. Maheegun stirred, me a softer call in reply. Maheegun stirred, with the deep rumble of pleasure in his throwith the deep rumble of pleasure in his throat. He slipped down the rock and headed ouat. He slipped down the rock and headed out across the ice. (14)t across the ice. (14)

After a while, a less passionate cry came froAfter a while, a less passionate cry came from the distance answering Maheegun’s call. m the distance answering Maheegun’s call. Maheegun moved, he seemed pleased, for I Maheegun moved, he seemed pleased, for I heard a deep rolling sound of pleasure in hiheard a deep rolling sound of pleasure in his throat. Then he got down from the rock ans throat. Then he got down from the rock and moved away across the ice.d moved away across the ice.

  55 ．． A mile down the road I slipped intA mile down the road I slipped into my snowshoes and turned into the bo my snowshoes and turned into the bush. (22)ush. (22)

After walking a mile along the road, I dAfter walking a mile along the road, I decided to cut through/take a shortcut tecided to cut through/take a shortcut through the bush. So I quickly put on hrough the bush. So I quickly put on my snowshoes, left eh road and movemy snowshoes, left eh road and moved into the bush.d into the bush.

66 ．． A great white stillness had taken A great white stillness had taken over and with it, biting cold. (27)over and with it, biting cold. (27)

The storm had blown itself out. Now nThe storm had blown itself out. Now nothing in this white world moved. It waothing in this white world moved. It was quiet and terribly cold.s quiet and terribly cold.

  

77 ．． Suddenly the world exploded in sSuddenly the world exploded in snarls. I was thrown against the branchnarls. I was thrown against the branches of the shelter. (33)es of the shelter. (33)

Suddenly with terrible snarls, the wolf Suddenly with terrible snarls, the wolf began to attack. I was sent flying and lbegan to attack. I was sent flying and landed against the shelter. anded against the shelter.

  

ⅡⅡ. Word study . Word study

1. howl rumble snarl whimper1. howl rumble snarl whimper 狼、狗、狼、狗、狐狸的嚎叫，常指夜间嗥叫狐狸的嚎叫，常指夜间嗥叫

隆隆的响声隆隆的响声 露齿而吠，嗥叫露齿而吠，嗥叫 动物的悲嗥声，唔咽动物的悲嗥声，唔咽

Word studyWord study 22 ．． take sb./sth. to : to make sb./sth. go from one level, or situation ttake sb./sth. to : to make sb./sth. go from one level, or situation t

o anothero another His job as a UN official took him to over sixty countries.His job as a UN official took him to over sixty countries. Her excellent performance soon took her to the top management of tHer excellent performance soon took her to the top management of t

he firm.he firm. take over: to gain controltake over: to gain control Who do you think will take over now that the governor has been disWho do you think will take over now that the governor has been dis

missed?missed? I’m feeling to tired to drive any more; will you take over?I’m feeling to tired to drive any more; will you take over? take its/their/a heavy toll on sb./sth.: to have a bad effect on sb./sth.take its/their/a heavy toll on sb./sth.: to have a bad effect on sb./sth. His liver trouble has taken a heavy toll on him.His liver trouble has taken a heavy toll on him. The destruction of the World Trade Center in New York is taking its tThe destruction of the World Trade Center in New York is taking its t

oll on US airlines.oll on US airlines.   

Word studyWord study

33 ．． compound adjectives: n.+ -edcompound adjectives: n.+ -ed moon-flooded cabin snow-filled cremoon-flooded cabin snow-filled cre

ek bed blood-soaked bandageek bed blood-soaked bandage thunder-struck crowd       sun-tanned thunder-struck crowd       sun-tanned

arms wind-driven generatorarms wind-driven generator cloud-capped towercloud-capped tower   

Word studyWord study 44 ．． only too: veryonly too: very ……but I knew only too well there should have been no creek thbut I knew only too well there should have been no creek th

ere.ere. I shall be only too pleased to do my best in that line of work.I shall be only too pleased to do my best in that line of work. You know but too well to hold your tongue. You know but too well to hold your tongue. only to do sth: used to mention sth. that happens immediatelonly to do sth: used to mention sth. that happens immediatel

y afterwards, esp. sth. that causes surprise, disappointment, y afterwards, esp. sth. that causes surprise, disappointment, etc.etc.

I tried to travel west but only to hit the creek again.I tried to travel west but only to hit the creek again. He went to see her only to find the door was locked.He went to see her only to find the door was locked. He returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left He returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left

him.him. Cf. They belonged only to Maheegun and myself.Cf. They belonged only to Maheegun and myself.   

Word studyWord study

55 ．． on one’s own: without help, aloneon one’s own: without help, alone独自地，独立地，主动地独自地，独立地，主动地

So I decided to come back home on mSo I decided to come back home on my own.y own.

We should learn to tackle problems on We should learn to tackle problems on our own. our own.

They helped fetch water on their own.They helped fetch water on their own.

Word studyWord study

Cf. of one’s own  Cf. of one’s own  属于自己的属于自己的 I have nothing of my own. She has a I have nothing of my own. She has a

mind of her own.mind of her own. For reasons of his own, he refused to jFor reasons of his own, he refused to j

oin the club.oin the club.

Word studyWord study 66 ．． thrill to sth.: (formal) to feel excited at sth.thrill to sth.: (formal) to feel excited at sth. The whole white world thrilled to that wild cry.The whole white world thrilled to that wild cry. We thrilled to his tales of South Sea adventure.We thrilled to his tales of South Sea adventure. What a thrilling game; the winner was in doubt until What a thrilling game; the winner was in doubt until

the last minute.the last minute. We were thrilled to hear about your new job.We were thrilled to hear about your new job. Meeting the famous footballer was a great thrill for Meeting the famous footballer was a great thrill for

the children.the children. I felt a thrill of terror as the door began to creak opI felt a thrill of terror as the door began to creak op

en.en. This is one of the best of American thrillers.This is one of the best of American thrillers.   

Word studyWord study 77 ．． (all) for the best: best for the long run although (all) for the best: best for the long run although

sth. appears bad or unpleasantsth. appears bad or unpleasant I tried to tell myself it was all for the best, but it was I tried to tell myself it was all for the best, but it was

hard to lose my brother.hard to lose my brother. His parents didn’t want him to work in London, but His parents didn’t want him to work in London, but

they knew it was perhaps for the best. Cfthey knew it was perhaps for the best. Cf Most athletes are at their best during their early maMost athletes are at their best during their early ma

nhood.nhood. I was in the best of health and spirits.I was in the best of health and spirits.   

Word studyWord study

88 ．． see: to be the time when/ the placsee: to be the time when/ the place where an event happens; to witnesse where an event happens; to witness

The light of another day still saw no eThe light of another day still saw no end to the storm.nd to the storm.

September 11, 2001 saw a coordinated September 11, 2001 saw a coordinated terrorist strike on the United States.terrorist strike on the United States.

The house saw many important meetiThe house saw many important meetings in the country’s history.ngs in the country’s history.

Word studyWord study 99 ．． in(to) focus in(to) focus 焦点对准焦点对准 ;; 清楚的清楚的 ,, 明白的明白的 It was quite some time before my eyes came into foIt was quite some time before my eyes came into fo

cus enough to see my grandfather sitting by my becus enough to see my grandfather sitting by my bed.d.

The image is in focus.The image is in focus. His explanation brought the meaning of the event iHis explanation brought the meaning of the event i

nto focus for.nto focus for. She always wants to be the focus of attention.She always wants to be the focus of attention. The eyes of the world are focused on him.The eyes of the world are focused on him. Many firms are focusing on increasing their marketMany firms are focusing on increasing their market

s overseas.s overseas.

Word studyWord study

1.  What roles do you think wild animals pla1.  What roles do you think wild animals play in nature?y in nature?

2.  It is reported that several local people ha2.  It is reported that several local people have been seriously hurt by wild tigers in a fave been seriously hurt by wild tigers in a far-reaching village in China. What measures r-reaching village in China. What measures do you suggest taking to solve the dilemma?do you suggest taking to solve the dilemma?

3.  Can you tell us a touching story between 3.  Can you tell us a touching story between man and wild animals?man and wild animals?

HomeworkHomework

Textbook exercisesTextbook exercises