PROPERTIES OF MATTER (PART 1) (UNIT TWO, LESSON 2.1)

BY MARGIELENE D. JUDAN

LESSON OUTLINEProperties of MatterExtensive PropertiesIntensive PropertiesMassVolume DensityProblem Solving

MATTER IS ANYTHING THAT OCCUPIES SPACE AND HAS MASS. MATTER IS EVERYTHING AROUND YOU.

LIKE OTHER THINGS, MATTER HAS PROPERTIES.

PROPERTIES OF MATTER (TYPE I)Intensive PropertiesExtensive Properties

INTENSIVE VS. EXTENSIVE PROPERTYExtensive properties depend on the amount of matter that is present.Intensive properties do not depend on the amount of matter that is present.

INTENSIVE

EXTENSIVE

Color Mass

Taste Volume

Melting Point

Length

Boiling Point

Shape

Density

Luster

Hardness

EXAMPLE:Two beakers A and B are filled with water.Q.) What is the volume of A and B? Is the volume different?A.) A is 250 mL; B is 750 mL. Yes, the volumes are different.

250 mL 750 mL

A B

EXAMPLE:Volume is an extensive property. It depends on the amount. Basically, beaker A has 250 mL of volume while beaker B has 750 mL.

250 mL 750 mL

A B

EXAMPLE:What about density?Q.) What is the density of water?A.) 1.0 g/mLWater has always a density of 1.0g/mL. Even though the amount B is greater than A, still both have the same density.

250 mL 750 mL

A B

EXAMPLE:Also, color is an intensive property. It does not depend on the amount. Even though you have different amounts of water, the color is still the same. 250 mL 750 mL

A B

EXAMPLES OF INTENSIVE AND EXTENSIVEThis table shows which are intensive and extensive.

INTENSIVE

EXTENSIVE

Color Mass

Taste Volume

Melting Point

Length

Boiling Point

Shape

Density

Luster

Hardness

AMONG THE PROPERTIES, WE WILL FOCUS OUR STUDY TODAY ON THE MOST FREQUENTLY USED: MASS, DENSITY AND VOLUME.

MASS

-the measure of how much matter is in an object

-usually in grams (g), kilograms (kg) or pounds (lbs)

VOLUME

-the amount of space that a substance occupies

-usually in mL, liter (L) or ounce (oz)

DENSITY

-the amount of mass in a specified place (D=m/V)

-usually in g/mL, g/cm3 or kg/m3

PROBLEM SOLVING

FORMULAS FOR MASS, DENSITY, AND VOLUME

VOLUME COMMON FORMULAS

BOOK EXAMPLES (P. 44-46)WE WILL ONLY ANSWER #S 1, 2, 5, 6

1. HOW MUCH SPACE WILL A 5.0 CM METAL CUBE OCCUPY?

Given:

s= 5cmSolution

V=s3

V=(5 cm)(5 cm)(5 cm)

V=125 cm3

5 cm 5 cm

5 cm

2. HOW MUCH SPACE WILL A METAL BALL OCCUPY IF IT HAS A DIAMETER OF 6 CM?

Given:

Diameter is 6, so radius is the half; r= 3cmSolution

V=4/3(pi)r3

V=(4/3)(3.14)(3 cm)(3 cm)

V=113.0 cm3

6 cm

5. HOW MANY CM3 OF WATER ARE NEEDED TO HALF-FILL THE TANK WITH HEIGHT 100CM AND DIAMETER 30CM?

30 cm 100 cm

Given: Diameter is 30, so r= 15cm

h=100cm

Also, half-fill means half the volume.Solution

V=(pi)r2h

V=(3.14)(15 cm)(15 cm)(100 cm)

V=70,650 cm3 (We need to get the half)

V=70,650 cm3/2

V=35,325 cm3 (Final Answer)

30 cm 100 cm

6. A PIECE OF METAL WITH A DENSITY OF 2.7G/CM3 IS COMPLETELY SUBMERGED INTO A GRADUATED CYLINDER INITIALLY CONTAINING 45.0 CM3 WATER. THE WATER LEVEL ROSE TO 62 CM3. WHAT IS THE MASS OF THE METAL?

Before After

45cm3 62cm3

Amount of displaced volume 62 – 45 = 17 cm3

That’s according to Archimedes’ principle.

Amount of displaced volume 62 – 45 = 17 cm3 (volume of metal)

Given: Density = 2.7 g/cm3

Solution: To find mass, we use the formula Mass = density / volume Mass = (2.7g/cm3) / (17cm3)

Mass = 45.9 grams

ASSIGNMENT: (NOTEBOOK)

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING: (#S 1-5)1. Differentiate intensive and extensive

properties. Give examples (5pts)

2. What is the density of steel with mass of 24.15 grams with 3cm3 volume? (3pts)

3. What is the volume of the earth if its diameter is 2,742 km? You can use a calculator. (4pts)

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING: (#S 1-5)4. A fish bowl contains 500mL of water. Upon

putting a small goldfish in it, it rises up to 580mL. If the fish is 70g, what is its density? (5pts)

5. What is the mass of the metal cube if it has a density of 6g/cm3 with each side 2cm long? (5pts)

SOURCES:Science Links 7