Unit 12Conclusion+ NL - cont.

+ student presentation

18th May 2005, Laura Laubeova

laubeova@fsv.cuni.cz

www.tolerance.cz

The Netherlands

16 mil.

Immigrants of Western descent: 1, 4 mil. (8%)

Immigrants of non-Western descent: 1, 6 mil. (incl. 2nd generation) – 10%

Total immigrants 18 %

Classic groups

Turkey 331 000 2%

Suriname 315 000

Morocco 284 000

Antilles/Aruba 125 000

New Groups

Iraq 41 000

Afghanistan 31 000

Somalia 29 000

Iran 27 000

 

Cf Rotterdam figures!

Integration policy:

Coordination:

Ministry of Justice

(Minister for Immigration and Integration) + other ministries

Implementation

municipalities

Integration system:

Obligatory programmes for „newcomers“

20 000 newcomers every year

Voluntary programmes for „oldcomers“

Stock of about 464 000 oldcomers

Newcomers Integration Act (30 Sept. 1998)

Policy document on oldcomers (June 2001)

Dual paths

 

Funding:

Newcomers: 177 million Euro (2001)

Oldcomers: 100 million Euro (2002)

Antidiscrimination:

Equal treatment legislation since 1994

The Equal Treatment Act (ETA)/ The Equal Treatment Commission (semi-judicial)

Race+ ethnic origin, religion, belief, political opinion, nationality, sexual orientation and civil status (not handicap and age- cf. EC Framework Directive)

ETA

Allows positive action as an exception to the general prohibition of unequal treatment: „prohibition shall not apply if the discrimination is aimed at putting members of ethnic and cultural minorities in a privileged position, in order to eliminate or reduce de facto inequalities. This preferential treatment has to be reasonably proportionate to that aim, and it should be abolished when equality is reached.

Wet SAMEN

Act on the stimulation of labour participation of ethnic minorities (Wet SAMEN):

Required organisations to reach proportionate participation of ethnic minorities in their staff. Wet SAMEN implemented Section 2.2 of ICERD-

The objectives of various laws include reaching de facto equality of minority groups on the labour market.

Rotterdam

600.000 inhabitants

second half of the 19th century, thousands of labourers mostly from the rural provinces

harbour related activities, Ruhr-area

WWI refugees.

20`s immigration diversified, eg Chinese

also East and Central Europe, who originally came

to catch the boat to America, but decided to stay.

Table 1 Population Rotterdam 1-1-2001 (Based on ethnicity, not nationality) Total population 595.389 100%Total immigrants 266.814 45%

Immigrants:

Ethnic minorities* 174.131 29% Other poor countries 41.380 7%Other rich countries 51.303 9%

*Ethnic minorities

Surinamese 51.100 9%Turks 41.467 7%

Moroccans 31.646 5%Antilleans 17.847 3%Cape-Verdians 14.650 2%Other South-Europe 17.421 3%

Table 2. Population Netherlands 1-1-2002(Based on ethnicity, not nationality) Total population 16.105.000 100%Total immigrants 2.965.000 18% Western immigrants 1.407.000 8%Non-western immigrants 1.558.000 10%  Turks 331.000 2%Surinamese 315.000Moroccans 284.000Antilleans 125.000

Policy change?