unit #1: birth of a nation american civil war 1861-1865
TRANSCRIPT
Unit #1:Birth of a Nation
American Civil War
1861-1865
Snapshot of the North Industrialized with twice population of the South Effective tax collection & 90% of U.S. industry Social reforms (abolition, women’s suffrage, education) Supported tariffs (taxes on foreign goods) Favored federal power over states’ power
Advantages of the South Agricultural; depending on slave labor (1/3 total pop.) Against tariffs (taxes on foreign goods) Supported states’ rights over federal powers
Battles fought on “home land” Stronger sense of tradition & morale
NorthNorth SouthSouth
Reasons for Reasons for fightingfighting
To preserve the To preserve the UnionUnion
To defend the To defend the homelandhomeland
DisadvantagDisadvantageses
Hard to carry Hard to carry their battle into their battle into enemy territoryenemy territory
Had fewer Had fewer soldiers & soldiers & resourcesresources
AdvantagesAdvantages Greater Greater manpower & manpower &
resourcesresources
Familiarity with Familiarity with the landthe land
Military Military StrategiesStrategies
Surround & Surround & dominate the dominate the
SouthSouth
Hold out until the Hold out until the North grew North grew
wearyweary
Events of the Civil War 1863: Battle of Gettysburg (3 days; Northern victory)
Gettysburg Address (dedicated a cemetery for casualties) Emancipation Proclamation (all slaves under rebel control were
free as of Jan. 1, 1863)
1865: Surrender at Appomattox (VA) Gen. Robert E. Lee (South) & Gen. Ulysses S. Grant (North)
met at the Appomattox Court House; General Lee surrenders resulting in Northern victory of the war
Black Soldiers Resolutions Union enlisted black
soldiers in conquered areas of the South
They made up 1/10 of Union Army by end of war
Unequal treatment in Army
Secession illegal 4 million “free” blacks Over 620,000 men died Lincoln assassinated
(April 1985)
Lincoln’s Assassination Assassinated by John Wilkes Booth on April 14, 1865 Ford’s Theater, Washington DC Lincoln was taken to house across the street where
he died the next day, Good Friday, April 15, 1865