unfccc workshop on reducing emissions from deforestation in developing countries definitional issues...
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UNFCCC Workshop on Reducing Emissions from
Deforestation in Developing Countries
UNFCCC Workshop on Reducing Emissions from
Deforestation in Developing Countries
Definitional Issues
Wulf Killmann, FAO
Definitional Issues
Wulf Killmann, FAO
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General AspectsGeneral Aspects
•Core Terms
– Forest
– Deforestation
– Forest Degradation
•Supporting Terms
•Core Terms
– Forest
– Deforestation
– Forest Degradation
•Supporting Terms
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GHG emissions from forests
GHG emissions from forests
• Natural processes & calamities
• Conversion to cropland, grasslands, wetlands, settlements
• Conversion to planted forest
• Sustainable Management and use of forests
• Unsustainable use of forests
• Natural processes & calamities
• Conversion to cropland, grasslands, wetlands, settlements
• Conversion to planted forest
• Sustainable Management and use of forests
• Unsustainable use of forests
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Forest Change ProcessesForest Change Processes
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ForestForest
• MA and FRA compared
• Land use or land cover
• Different thresholds
• Choice of thresholds up to countries
• Criteria: historical reporting
• Importance of national definitions
• MA and FRA compared
• Land use or land cover
• Different thresholds
• Choice of thresholds up to countries
• Criteria: historical reporting
• Importance of national definitions
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ForestForest
Issues & Choices
• Single definition
• Fragmented forests, forest fallow
• Strip width
Issues & Choices
• Single definition
• Fragmented forests, forest fallow
• Strip width
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DeforestationDeforestation
• Forest losses/gains can have human and natural causes
• Conversion forest to non-forest
• Temporarily unstocked areas do not count as deforested
• Forest losses/gains can have human and natural causes
• Conversion forest to non-forest
• Temporarily unstocked areas do not count as deforested
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DeforestationDeforestation
Issues & Choices
• MA includes agro -& urban forestry
• Deforestation or net loss of forest ?
• Avoided deforestation
Issues & Choices
• MA includes agro -& urban forestry
• Deforestation or net loss of forest ?
• Avoided deforestation
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Forest DegradationForest Degradation
• Decreases forest’s capacity to fulfill its functions
• Happens within forest
• Human and/or natural causes
• Short-term assessment difficult
• Not every carbon stock reduction =
forest degradation
• Canopy cover no good proxy
• Decreases forest’s capacity to fulfill its functions
• Happens within forest
• Human and/or natural causes
• Short-term assessment difficult
• Not every carbon stock reduction =
forest degradation
• Canopy cover no good proxy
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Forest degradation and supporting terms
Forest degradation and supporting terms
T3
FRA Improvement
Restoration
Rehabilitation
Fragmentation: possible component of structural
degradation
FRA Degradation
T3
FRA Improvement
Restoration
Rehabilitation
Fragmentation: possible component of structural
degradation
FRA Degradation
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Forest DegradationForest Degradation
Issues & Choices
• How address fragmentation
• Spatial scale
• Quantitative thresholds
• Direct and/or indirect human impact
• Carbon stock reduction or forest degradation
Issues & Choices
• How address fragmentation
• Spatial scale
• Quantitative thresholds
• Direct and/or indirect human impact
• Carbon stock reduction or forest degradation
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ConclusionsConclusions• Definitions should be clear &
unambiguous
• Existing definitions preferable
• Parameters should be measurable during assessments
• Distinction needed between – deforestation & net loss of forests – deforestation & forest degradation– carbon stock reduction & forest degradation
• Definitions should be clear & unambiguous
• Existing definitions preferable
• Parameters should be measurable during assessments
• Distinction needed between – deforestation & net loss of forests – deforestation & forest degradation– carbon stock reduction & forest degradation
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Parties to decide• which processes to cover
• on terms & definitions
• which forest definition to apply
Parties to decide• which processes to cover
• on terms & definitions
• which forest definition to apply
ConclusionsConclusions
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Thank You Thank You