unete
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Inflation: A sustained rise in the general price level, or a fall in the purchasing value of the money.
Sustained= at least 3 months General= market basket.
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Creeping Inflation: One digit inflation. Stable prices.
Galloping Inflation: Two or three digits inflation. Since 20% and can go as high as 100 to 300%. (Argentina & Brazil in the 80s).
Hyperinflation: Levels around 500%. It is totally out of control, and it is generally related to wars or revolutions. It becomes a Stagflation.
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Subyacente: Elimina la volatilidad de precios.
No Subyacente: Incluye productos que presentan alta volatilidad en sus precios: productos agropecuarios, (marcada
estacionalidad o alta volatilidad). educación privada,
decisiones de carácter administrativo,
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1. Demand-pull theory: all sectors in the economy try to buy more than the economy can produce.
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2. Supply-Push (or cost-push) theory: when costs of production increases.
For example: If oil prices increase, all products that use oil will increase.3. Excessive Monetary Growth.
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1. Money lose value (reduced purchasing power).
2. People change spending habits: no cars or houses.
3. Encouraged speculation: some people try to take advantage of rising prices.
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Borrowers. When you have a fixed interest debt. (because inflation means more expensive money, but your debt was with a less expensive money).
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Lenders (banks) that gave money at fixed rates.
Savers. Because interest rates are smaller than inflation.
Workers, because their wages don’t change at the same pace than inflation.
Retired people.
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To stop the inflation, Central Banks tend to increase credits interest rates. In this way, credit cards and mortgages become more expensive.
As a result, people having these kind of loans decrease their demand on products and services.
High inflation High interest rates Less demand
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The negative aspect of doing this is that as it (higher interest rates) generates less demand, industries produce less and the result is a higher unemployment rate. This situation can lead to an economic stagnation.
Managed Inflation could mean= economic stagnation
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De acuerdo al FMI (Fondo Monetario Internacional) y al Banco Mundial, el incremento de precios se viene intensificando, en particular en los productos básicos.
Según advirtió el FMI los valores de los alimentos aumentaron 48% desde finales del 2006.
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El Fondo informó que dicho aumento de precios mundial, llevará el indicador de 4 a 4,8 por ciento.
El informe publicado por el FMI precisa que los países que tuvieron los mayores aumentos de precios en el 2008 son: Venezuela (25%), Myanmar (25%), Etiopia (20%), Zimbabwe (sin datos precisos) e
Irán (20 por ciento).
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En el otro extremo, figuran las naciones con menos inflación anual del mundo donde se destacan las más desarrolladas como: Japón (0,6%) y Canadá (1,5 por ciento).
Según los datos del Panorama Económico Mundial, la inflación pega más fuerte en los países emergentes que en los países desarrollados.
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http://economia.infobaeprofesional.com/notas/64713-Como-es-el-ranking-de-inflacion-mundial-y-su-impacto-en-los-principales-paises.html?cookie
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o Consumer Price Index (IPC in Spanish)-products of the market basket.
o Producer Price Index (IPP in Spanish)
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El INPC (Indice Nacional de Precios al Consumidor) es el indicador económico de la Inflación.
Mide a través del tiempo la variación de los precios de una canasta básica representativa del consumo de los hogares mexicanos.
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El INPC (Indice Nacional de Precios al Consumidor) es el indicador económico de la Inflación.
Mide a través del tiempo la variación de los precios de una canasta de bienes y servicios representativa del consumo de los hogares mexicanos.
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Los bienes y servicios que se consumen se ofrecen a todo lo largo y ancho del territorio nacional;
Los precios no cambian simultáneamente, ni avanzan todo el tiempo a la misma velocidad.
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La tasa de crecimiento promedio de los precios de la canasta de bienes y servicios de un período a otro.
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Si el valor de la canasta en el periodo 1 es igual a $100.00 y en el periodo 2 es igual a $105.00; significa que los precios de los bienes y servicios que consumimos incrementaron en 5 pesos o en un 5%.
TASA DE INFLACION= INPC Periodo 2 – INPC Periodo 1
INPC Periodo 1
* 100
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Las fuentes de información para consultar los datos más recientes del INPC son las siguientes: Diario Oficial de la Federación
www. banxico. org. mx Base de datos que calcula el Banco de México.