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UNDERSTANDING URBAN FORESTSAND THEIR ROLE IN
COMMUNITY VIABILITYEric Wiseman, PhDAssociate Professor of Urban ForestryDept. of Forest Resources & Environmental ConservationVirginia [email protected]
APA Virginia 2016 Annual ConferenceJuly 18, 2016
Wintergreen Resort, Nelson County, VA
“Benefits of Urban Forests”American Forests
http://tinyurl.com/AFtreeben
o What is an urban forest?
o How do urban forests contribute to community viability?
o How are urban forests planned?
o What specialized knowledge and skills do urban foresters contribute to planning?
o Discussion of intersection between urban forestry and urban planning
PRESENTATION OVERVIEW
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“The sum of all woody and associated vegetation in and around dense human settlements, ranging from small communities in
rural settings to metropolitan regions.”
WHAT IS AN URBAN FOREST?
~ Miller, Hauer, & Werner (2015). Urban Forestry: Planning and Managing Greenspaces
GreenInfrastructure
Bioswales
RainGardens
UrbanForests
GreenRoofs
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“The sum of all woody and associated vegetation in and around dense human settlements, ranging from small communities in
rural settings to metropolitan regions.”
WHAT IS AN URBAN FOREST?
~ Miller, Hauer, & Werner (2015). Urban Forestry: Planning and Managing Greenspaces
The Urban Forest
StreetTrees
ParkTrees
PlazaTrees
LawnTrees
RiparianTrees
RemnantTrees
Public PropertyPrivate Property
WHAT IS AN URBAN FOREST?
35.1% urban tree cover (2007)
3.8 billion trees (2001)
Urban Tree Canopy Cover (2007)
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WHAT IS AN URBAN FOREST?
34.7% urban tree cover (2000)
85.3 million trees (2000)
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Urban Tree Canopy Cover (2000)
WHAT IS AN URBAN FOREST?
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WHAT IS AN URBAN FOREST?
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URBAN FORESTS & COMMUNITY VIABILITY“Urban forests contribute to the livability and sustainability of communities.”
STORMWATER MITIGATION
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The urban forest can reduce annual runoff by 2 – 7 percent.
A single tree may store 100 gallons or more of rainfall.
URBAN FORESTS & COMMUNITY VIABILITY“Urban forests contribute to the livability and sustainability of communities.”
URBAN HEAT ISLAND MITIGATION
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Just three trees, properly placed around a house, can save up to 30% of energy use. (U.S. Forest Service Center for Urban Forest Research)
URBAN FORESTS & COMMUNITY VIABILITY“Urban forests contribute to the livability and sustainability of communities.”
PUBLIC HEALTH
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URBAN FORESTS & COMMUNITY VIABILITY“Urban forests contribute to the livability and sustainability of communities.”
REAL ESTATE VALUE
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“On average, street trees add $8,870 to sales price and reduce time-on-market (TOM) by 1.7 days.”
URBAN FORESTS & COMMUNITY VIABILITY“Urban forests contribute to the livability and sustainability of communities.”
COMMERCE
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URBAN FORESTS & COMMUNITY VIABILITY“Sustainable, high-value urban forests requires understanding of costs.”
o Planting and maintenance costs
o Infrastructure conflicts and damage
o Loss of functional space
o Safety and security issues
“The average annual net benefit of a mature large tree is $85 in a yard and $113 on public land.”
o Unwanted shade and wildlife
o Allergies and debris
o Removal and disposal costs
o Liability settlements
~ McPherson et al. (2007). Northeast Community Tree Guide: Benefits, Costs, and Strategic Planting. US
Forest Service PSW-GTR-202.
“Whether urban forests are an asset or a liability depends largely on their planning and management.”
PLANNING URBAN FORESTS“Urban forests are the result of a community vision and thoughtful planning.”
ResourceAssessment
ResourceObjectives
ResourcePlanning
Monitoring &Evaluation
What DoWe Have?
What DoWe Want?
How Do WeGet There?
Are WeThere Yet?
Sustainable,High-Value
Urban Forest
PLANNING URBAN FORESTS“Assessment tells us the quantity, quality, and distribution of the resource.”
Bottom-Up Approach Top-Down Approach
FIELD INVENTORY REMOTE SENSING
PLANNING URBAN FORESTS“Assessment tells us the quantity, quality, and distribution of the resource.”
Bottom-Up Approach Top-Down Approach
PLANNING URBAN FORESTS“The plan addresses the forest, the community, & the management approach.”
o The forest• Canopy cover
• Age and species diversity
• Geographic distribution
o The community• Municipal leadership
• Commercial buy-in
• Neighborhood action
o The management approach• Funding
• Staffing
• Policies
• Practices
PLANNING URBAN FORESTS“Urban foresters contribute unique expertise to urban forest planning.”
o Forest Assessment• Composition & condition
• Conservation priority
o Site Evaluation• Growing conditions
• Use compatibility
o Tree Protection• Low impact development
o Tree Selection• Ecosystem services
o Disaster Preparedness• Canopy restoration
• Debris utilization
URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN PLANNING“Urban forests are critical to community viability and rely on thoughtful planning and implementation by a team of professionals.”
o A positive achievement you have experienced with urban forest/green infrastructure planning.
o Where do you go for information and technical assistance with urban forest/green infrastructure planning?
o A key opportunity to improve urban forest/green infrastructure planning in Virginia.
QUESTIONS & COMMENTS
Eric Wiseman, PhDAssociate Professor of Urban ForestryDept. of Forest Resources & Environmental ConservationVirginia [email protected]
APA Virginia 2016 Annual ConferenceJuly 18, 2016
Wintergreen Resort, Nelson County, VA