Scott Bearder , Er ic Bulthuis , Kathryn Davis, Er ic Launer, Phi l ip Lawson, Dest in ie Mart inez, Raz Sanchez, Wi l l iam Turner , Chandra York

UNDERSTANDING GLOBAL CULTURES

CHAPTERS 14-16

Population 32 million

2nd Largest-nation in size

CANADA

1670: Hudson Bay Company 1763: Treaty of Paris 1867: Dominion of Canada WWI & WWII 1965: Maple Leaf Flag Officially instated

CANADA’S HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Egalitarianism: the doctrine of the equality of mankind and the desirability of political and economic and social equality.

EGALITARIANISM & OUTLOOK

BackpacksBeaversCanadians are more

DiplomaticWrong Dish

Good manners/conflict avoidance

Universal Health Care & Social Safety Net

OUTLOOKS OF CANADIANS

Canadians have a strong appreciation of foreign cultures and actively encourage immigration

Canada is known as a “global village” Influx of immigrants has improved the Canadian

economyhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BRI-A3vakVg

THE CANADIAN MOSAIC

Despite a history of cooperation with the United States , many Canadians dislike being mistaken for Americans

Canadians agree that little national pride is a good thing

Non-U.S. American bias, but not anti-American

CANADIANS AS NON-U.S. AMERICANS

It is difficult to be the less prosperous neighbor of the U.S.

Since 1993 U.S. Hockey teams have consistently won the Stanley Cup, hockey’s highest honor, with Canadian players

CANADIANS AS NON-U.S. AMERICANS

Most well-known grape varieties

More than 5,000 varieties

France is still the leader in wine production

Five principal elements of wine

FRENCH WINE

A wine’s characteristics are a summation of its past

Vital components Soil Climate Vine type Viniculturists

Vendage (Harvest period): preoccupation with time. Has to be accurate to get the exact pureness.

Historical difficulties

FRENCH WINE: PURENESS

FranceView their country

as special and unique

Perfectionists Symmetry, balance,

and harmony

JapanHarmony

Business Home

Non-confrontational

A PERFECT LAND

Celts/Gauls Earliest traceable ancestry of the French

Romans took over in 52 BCE (Caesar) 500 years invasions continued from Germanic tribes

Renaissance and Louis XIV “L’état, c’est moi”… “I am the state” Navy and emergence of culture all over Europe Widening gap=French Revolution 1789

Napoleon III Code Napoleon (still felt today)

World War I Victory yet tremendous loss

World War II Hopelessness and disgrace under German occupation

HISTORICAL ROOTS

Phylloxera Vastatrix 1865-1895, all vineyards in France destroyed

Much like this re-routing, the people of France have been replanted over the years.

Louis XIV has been credited with instilling gradeur into French culture and minds. Cherished universal values Beacons to the world

Favored, possessors of ideas and values coveted and treasured by the rest of mankind. “God loves the French the best”

Don’t judge the French immediately without taking into consideration past trial and tribulations they’ve been through.

TROUBLED YEARS

Through fermentation, wine develops its final personality, blend, and balance.

Four major classes of wine: Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée Vins Délimités de Qualité

Supérieur Vins de Pays Vins de Table

Four major social classes: Haute bourgeoisie Petite bourgeoisie Classes moyennes Classes populaires

FRENCH WINE: CLASSIFICATION

Savoir-vivreGood and bad

“codified”French vs. U.S.

advertisingFrench Subway

systemIntroduction

order and business status

http://youtu.be/M-npsx9Msu8

http://youtu.be/K8yJ1XZe5LU

CREATING ORDER

Control and refine life due to Descartes “I think, therefore I am”

Leave nothing unexplainedPresentations given from the heart

Agendas, time factors, and conclusions are not of imortance.

Business importance demonstrated physically Room layout

Top-down importance

CARTESIAN LEGACY

Top management is tight knit and of higher education Difficult to move up the corporate ladder

Best wines are equivalent to best presentationsUncertainty makes business lunches long and implies

lack of control in French cultureThings are changing though:

Avg. lunch time 90mins-> 40 mins Business cafes 200,000 -> 50,000 (despite population

growth) Individual wine consumption 26.5 gallons/year -> 14.5

gallons

MANAGERIAL STYLE

FranceHigh and low context

behavior High: they do not need explicit

and/or written communication to understand one another

Low: excessive bureaucratic rules and regulations

Need to know each other adequately enough to engage in business relations

The French smile Waiters and clerks

JapanHigh-context culture

Simple communication One word has elaborate

meaning Group forming culture

CLASSIFYING BEHAVIOR

The composition of wine is said to reflect the French

Work and play

Conversational style

COMPOSITION

Wine is extraordinary, intricate, and inconstant complex of different ingredients

The same is considered to be said of the FrenchThe French tend to be monochronic

COMPOSITION

By law the French must devote 5 weeks to vacation Typically includes all of August 40% of vacationers migrate to vacation spots such as Cote

d’ AzurHolidays, like food and wine, are taken very seriously

The French tend to prepare carefully and meticulously for them

Weekends tend to be devoted to family matters

WORK & PLAY

They can be quick to criticize, but this is often only to stimulate discussion

If a conversation is worth beginning, it is worth cultivating into a meaningful discussion

Small mispronunciations have an unnerving effect Conversation is considered a highly developed art In conversational circles, there are two very different

forms of addressing a person Tu/Toi is reserved for only the closest friends and family

members of the same age or younger Vous, which is the second-person plural as well as singular, is

used on a more formal level. The wrong usage can spoil a conversation or jeopardize

a relationship at an early stage

CONVERSATIONAL STYLE

Don’t rush the process and allow quality to improve over time.

Whereas the Americans tend to have many small conversations with a number of people, the French prefer fewer conversations on much deeper levels

Smiling at someone you don’t know and saying hello is frequently considered provocative, not friendly

Family bonds are strengthened by eating weekend meals and taking extended holidays together

Although the French can be very romantic about love, the concept of marriage and children tends to be approached in a businesslike manner

MAKING FRIENDS

French women see themselves, and are regarded as the equals of men – equal but different

Presented with opportunities to play the same roles as men, women have shied away from doing so

Until 1964, wives had to obtain her husband’s permission to open a bank account, run a shop, or get a passport

The women’s liberation movement has been relatively slow in France. Like superior wines of France, its growth will be patient and organized

WOMEN’S ROLE

Strictly controlled by governmentGrade advancement is based on what skills they

attain30 days of school year are exam days35 hours of school a week – shortest school yearGrowth is directed towards certain diplomaTeachers make decisions that guide paths

FRENCH EDUCATION

Social status determines children’s opportunitiesEducational opportunities are constrainedPeople pursue education in the United States

FRENCH EDUCATION

Grade advancement is automaticUpper Secondary education is voluntary

98% of students advanceSchool year begins in April

Some schools hold classes on Saturdays

JAPAN EDUCATION

French take very seriouslyGrowth is very slow and carefully chosenCritical of how the U.S. values friendshipsFrench are cautious when dealing with foreign

business colleagues Careful not to overexpose themselves

FRIENDSHIPS

Jumped on health craze that is sweeping across America and Europe

Jogging is on the riseTobacco is now seen as unchicWine consumption has decreased

HEALTH & FITNESS

75% of Frances energy is provided by nuclear powerProvides 98% of citizens with medical care and

benefits Income is guaranteed to citizens over 65Pension is equal to average wageMothers and babies get free care to boost birth rates

ECONOMY

1 out of 12 people are foreigners1 out of 20 is a MuslimGrants citizenship to those born on French soilPrejudice to foreigners

EVOLVING CULTURE

Football is a cultural metaphor for understanding US Americans and US business behavior-Football has now passed baseball as Americas real pastime- Football viewing should be

mandatory- Super Bowl Sunday has

replaced Christmas- http

://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z-sXaPcjBKs

AMERICAN FOOTBALL

Outdoor party involving barbecue grills, beer, food, and soda.

Complete strangers unified at tailgates.Tailgates happen no matter time or conditions.http://www.youtube.com/watch

?v=8ENZQzavQfY&feature=related

THE TAILGATE PARTY

Non stop entertainment during football games even when the game has not started or is in a time out

Bands in college football

Musical stars involved in the NFL halftime

PRE-GAME & HALFTIME ENTERTAINMENT

All the aspects of football typify the American culture.Strategy is fundamental in football, war, and

American business. Owners, coaches, players, even fans are compared to

some aspect of war.Business plans linked to football strategies.

STRATEGY & WAR

Selection and training are the keys to success in business as in football.

Specialized teams in football and business

SELECTION, THE TRAINING CAMP, AND COMPLEX PLAYS/THE PLAYBOOK

Americans are group oriented. Emphasis on group does not mean that everyone

receives the same rewards or compensationSalary's of CEO’s and QBsAmericans believe in equality of opportunity but not

equality of outcomesU.S. citizens far less likely to agree that it is

important for government to guarantee that no one is in need.

More likely to agree that governments role is to provide freedom to pursue goals.

INDIVIDUALIZED SPECIALIZED ACHIEVEMENT WITHIN THE TEAM STRUCTURE

Football is team sport but the individual is glorified and celebrated.

All football major trophies are named after individuals who have contributed to the sport.

Individualism in football seems to be unsurpassed then in any other team sport. (similar to U.S. being the most individualist nation)

CONT’D

Professional football teams are multimillion-dollar corporations subdivided into departments and divisions Coaches, medics, statisticians, marketing consultants,

etc….Even though football’s rules and regulations are

changing their basic values and ideals stay the same Much like U.S. society

Esteemed innovators Bill Walsh (west coast offense) Bill Gates (Microsoft)

EXTREME SPECIALIZATION

U.S. Football has many rules protecting the game, so does America in protecting businesses in anti-trust laws

Each geographical region specialized in one area Northeast: manufacturing Midwest: agriculture West: raising cattle

Each region battled for competitive advantages within each other ex. English and Irish

Checks and balances

COMPETITION AS A GOAL

NFL: weight machines, cameras, and specialized equipment

America historically short on labor and long on raw materials

Fads in society and in football

TECHNOLOGY AND TOOLS/OPENNESS TO CHANGE

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (most widely used personality scale) 75% of males and females are extroverted and aggressive in personal relations

Speed dating in America And why women watch The Bachelor according to

Washington Post columnist Paul Fahri

AGGRESSION, HIGH RISKS, AND UNPREDICTABLE OUTCOMES

Social Darwinism Survival of the fittest

The unpredictable nature of football relates to many people’s daily lives and professional careers

Huddling No other sport in the world has something like this

The melting pot Ex in business world: Wal-Mark morning meetings

SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST/HUDDLING

ASM- American system of manufacturingSimplicity of designStandardization of partsLarge-scale output

MANUFACTURING SYSTEM

Numbers have huge impact on decision makingStandardized testsAptitude tests

ACADEMIC COMPETITIVENESS

The reason we have standardized testsWe are generally in a rushSuch as a football huddle

SAVING TIME

“We are going to relentlessly chase perfection, knowing full well we will not catch it, because nothing is perfect.”Vince Lombardi

This is what immigrants think of America

FOOTBALL & PERFECTION

Super bowl- World ChampionshipU.S. Americans believe that their country is the safestFacts do not support such a conclusion

NATIONALIST BELIEFS

400,000 churches in U.S.

68% of U.S. members of a church

RELIGION