understanding contemporary china professor wang guo-an (andrew) vice director, international...
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Understanding Contemporary ChinaUnderstanding Contemporary China
Professor WANG Guo-An (Andrew) Vice Director, International Affairs Office Zhejiang Gongshang University
No.149, Jiao Gong Rd. Hangzhou 310035 ChinaMobile:136-0051-6079 86-571-28877313 (office)Fax: 86-571-28877312 88846798 28008050E-mail: [email protected]
Alternative e-mail: [email protected] www.zjgsu.edu.cn/english/eindex.php
http://econet.zjgsu.edu.cn/andrew.wang/index2.htm
Some facts about China
Over 5000 history ( 4 great inventions: compass, printing, explosives and paper-making )
No. 3 trading power The third largest in area To hold the Olympic Games in 2008 The largest foreign exchange reserves Close economic ties with ASEAN, FTA in 2010 One of five members in the UN Security Council The largest population, accounting for more than one fifth of the world
population The most rapidly growing economy, annual growth rate of 9.3% since 1978 The biggest trading partner for most of the Asian countries and the major
trading partner for most of the economic powers in the world The largest FDI recipient among developing countries for the last 15 years The active member in Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Launched a spaceship in 2003 and 2005
Map of China
1. Location1. Location
China is situated in eastern Asia on the western shore of the Pacific Ocean, with an area of 9.6 million square kilometers. China's continental coastline extends for about 18,000 kilometers, and its vast sea surface is studded with more than 5,000 islands, of which Taiwan and Hainan are the largest.
2. Land Formation and Rivers2. Land Formation and Rivers
China's land drops off in escarpments eastward to the ocean, letting in humid air current and leading many rivers eastward. Among the rivers totaling 220,000 kilometers in length in China, the Changjiang (Yangtze) and the Huanghe (Yellow) are world known.
China has beautiful scenery, with mountains and ranges, highlands, plains, basins, and hills. The highlands and hill regions account for 65 percent of the country's total land mass, and there are more than 2,000 lakes. The highest mountain peak is Qomolangma (Everest), the highest in the world, 8,844.43 ( released on Oct.9,2005, formerly 8848) meters above sea level; the lowest point is the Turpan Basin, 154 meters below sea level.
3. Climate3. Climate
China is characterized by a continental climate. The latitude spans nearly 50 degrees. The greater part of the Chinese territory is situated in the Temperate Zone, its southern part in the tropical and subtropical zones, and its northern part near the Frigid Zone. Temperatures differ therefore rather strikingly across the country. The northern part of Heilongjiang Province has long winters but no summers; while the Hainan Island has long summers but no winters.
The Huaihe River valley is marked by distinctive seasonal changes, but it is spring all year round in the south of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. In the northwest hinterland, the temperature changes dramatically. China is high tundra zone is situated in the Qinghai-Tibet, where the temperature is low in all four seasons. Some desert areas are dry all year round.
4. Population4. Population
China, as the word's most populous country, has a population exceeding 1.3 billion, which makes up 22 percent of the world total. It is concentrated in the east and south of China. To bring population growth under control, the country has followed a family planning policy since the 1970s. We have adopted the one-child policy since late 1970s.
5. Ethnic Groups (Chinese Minorities)
China is a multiracial country with 56 ethnic groups,,The Han people account for 92 percent of the population. No matter how big or small the population is, all peoples share equal rights.
6. Religion6. Religion
China is a multi-religious country. Taoism, Buddhism, Islamism, Protestantism and Catholicism have all developed quite a lot in this country. Freedom of belief is a government policy, and normal religious activities are protected by the constitution.
7. Administrative Units7. Administrative Units
China is divided into 35 administrative regions. They are 23 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities under the direct jurisdiction of the Central Government, two special administrative regions and Taiwan. The four municipalities are Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, and Chongqing; Hong Kong and Macao are the special administrative regions. Taiwan is to be reunited with the mainland of China.
8. Capital8. Capital
Beijing is the capital of the People's Republic of China. A center for politics, economy and culture, Beijing has been developed into a world-class metropolis in which the modern world is blended harmoniously with the glory of an imperial past.
9. Tourist Attractions9. Tourist Attractions
Beijing Shanghai Guangzhou Xi’an Hangzhou Suzhou Guilin Yellow Mountain Zhangjiajie in Hunan......
10. History10. History
More than 5000 years. China’s ancient scientific
contributions to the world: four great inventions, namely, compass, printing, explosives and paper making.
1111 ．． CultureCulture
The Chinese culture is the dominating culture in East Asia and Confucianism has had great influence in East Asia and southeast Asian countries.
12. Language12. Language
Chinese language: official Spoken: Mandarin/putonghua, Cantonese and other
many dialects Written: Chinese characters are over 3000 years old,
Simplified, traditional) Foreign languages: English, Japanese and Russian
Education
Preschool Elementary school Junior high school (compulsory) Senior high school University (bachelor, master, Ph.D.)
13. Opening policies and Reform 13. Opening policies and Reform ( 1978-now)( 1978-now)
Chinese students who studied abroad during 1978-2005 reached 933400,but only 232900 (25%) returned to China.
International students studying in China: over 160,000 in 2006 Foreign direct investment in China: the biggest recipient of FDI
among the developing countries for the last 15 years. Foreign-invested enterprises: 508,941 Over 400 of 500 biggest transnational corporations invested in
China and about 30 of them have established or moved their head-quarters to China.
Contracted FDI: US$1096.608billion Actually utilized FDI: US$562.101billion 86% of FDI is in the east and southeast regions
9.3% annual economic growth during the last 28 years No. 3 trading power in the world, its trade volume amounted to
US$1422.12 billion in 2005 and maintained the trade surplus value reaching as much as US$177.5 billion
China WTO entry on December 11, 2001 Olympic Games to be held in Beijing in 2008 Manned spaceship in 2003 and 2005 Foreign exchange reserves amounted to US$875.1 by March 2006,
No. 1 in the world Women’s increase in their social status
13. The Trade Relations with its major trading partnersIn 2005 China exported its products mainly toUSAEUHong KongJapan ASEANSouth KoreaTaiwanRussiaCanadaAustralia
In 2005 China imported products mainly fromJapanSouth Korea ASEANTaiwanEUUSAAustraliaRussiaSaudi ArabHong Kong
14. The Trade Relations and Trade Frictions 14. The Trade Relations and Trade Frictions
between China and the USAbetween China and the USA
Since 1997, 12.5% growth every year More than one quarter of the Chinese exports are sold to the USA. China’s trade surplus value with the USA amounted to more than
US$140 billion : 60% of made-in-China products are made by US companies in China. Profits belong to the USA while the trade surplus value is in China.
Antidumping measures against Chinese products The exchange rate between the Chinese currency RMB Yuan and
the US dollar
15. China’s problems15. China’s problems
(1) The increasing contrast between the rich and the poor, the sharpening economic differences between the east and the west
(2) The worsening environment (3) The official corruption (4) The large population
16. Your questions are welcome16. Your questions are welcome
Thanks for your attention!