understanding conflict” - bpnetwork · understanding conflict is a process that helps us to...

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Rethinking the Truly Unsupervised Image-to-Image Translation Kyungjune Baek 1* Yunjey Choi 2 Youngjung Uh 2 Jaejun Yoo 3 Hyunjung Shim 1 1 Yonsei University 2 Clova AI Research, NAVER Corp. 3 EPFL Source Domain Figure 1. Our model is able to conduct image-to-image translation without any supervision. The output images are generated with the source image and the the average style code of each estimated domain. The breed of the output cat changes according to the domain while preserving the pose of the source image. Abstract Every recent image-to-image translation model uses ei- ther image-level (i.e. input-output pairs) or set-level (i.e. domain labels) supervision at minimum. However, even the set-level supervision can be a serious bottleneck for data collection in practice. In this paper, we tackle image- to-image translation in a fully unsupervised setting, i.e., neither paired images nor domain labels. To this end, we propose the truly unsupervised image-to-image trans- lation method (TUNIT) that simultaneously learns to sepa- rate image domains via an information-theoretic approach and generate corresponding images using the estimated do- main labels. Experimental results on various datasets show that the proposed method successfully separates domains and translates images across those domains. In addition, our model outperforms existing set-level supervised meth- ods under a semi-supervised setting, where a subset of do- main labels is provided. The source code is available at https://github.com/clovaai/tunit. * Work done during his internship at Clova AI Research. 1. Introduction Given an image of one domain, image-to-image trans- lation is a task to generate the plausible images of the other domains. Based on the success of conditional gen- erative models [33, 41], many image translation methods have been proposed either by using image-level supervision (e.g. paired data) [17, 43, 35] or by using set-level supervi- sion (e.g. domain labels) [48, 28, 25, 29]. Though the latter approach is generally called ‘unsupervised’ as a counterpart of the former, it actually assumes that the domain labels are given a priori, which can be a serious bottleneck in prac- tical applications as the number of domains and samples becomes large. For example, labeling individual samples of a large dataset, such as FFHQ [20], is very costly, and the distinction across domains can often be ambiguous. In this work, we first clarify that unsupervised image-to- image translation should strictly denote the task without any supervision neither paired images nor domain labels. Under this definition, our goal is to develop an unsupervised trans- lation model given a mixed set of images of many domains (Figure 2c). We tackle this problem by formulating three sub-problems: 1) distinguishing the set-level characteristics 1 arXiv:2006.06500v1 [cs.CV] 11 Jun 2020

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Page 1: Understanding Conflict” - BPNetwork · Understanding conflict is a process that helps us to finding the middle ground, and clearing up misunderstandings. Conflict can quickly become

Bangladeshi Professionals Network(BPNetwork) www.bpnetwork.ca Mozammel Khan

Issue : 18 White Paper Series P a g e | 1 “Understanding Conflict”

“Understanding Conflict”

Mozammel Khan; M.Sc. Eng., CITP Chief Executive Officer (CEO)

MDI-Canada Toronto, M2J 1B3, Canada Email: [email protected] Phone: 1-416-916-1558

“Conflict arises when we put our feelings and autocratic views first instead of

respecting other’s needs and rights.”

1. Objective: Conflicts are generally defined as relational disputes or clashes between two or more parties. Conflict is an inevitable fact of teamwork. No two people can work together and avoid ever having disagreement. We all know - The way a team play as a whole determine its success. You may have many greatest individuals in your team, but if they don’t act/work together, engage in conflict, it would not worth a dollar.

2. Introduction: Conflict can be a miscommunication, clashing of ideas and desires, or an error. It is something like- I want/believe/need this way, and other party say-I want/believe/need that way. Understanding conflict is a process that helps us to finding the middle ground, and clearing up misunderstandings. Conflict can quickly become counter-productive, and destructive if not properly managed. A good leader/manager knows how to listen and mediate for positive solution.

3. Causes to create conflict: Conflict can arise from a variety of sources due to differences among team members. Take full responsibility for problem rather than considering who is at fault. Taking responsibility shows individual strength; an individual being held ‘at fault’ shows team weakness. Conflict may be arise due to following reasons:

Personality Clashes Technical Difficulties Blame Games Competition in the Ranks Gender Bias Generation Clashes

Page 2: Understanding Conflict” - BPNetwork · Understanding conflict is a process that helps us to finding the middle ground, and clearing up misunderstandings. Conflict can quickly become

Bangladeshi Professionals Network(BPNetwork) www.bpnetwork.ca Mozammel Khan

Issue : 18 White Paper Series P a g e | 2 “Understanding Conflict”

4. Ways to manage Conflict: To reduce and resolve conflict over personality clashes, blame games, and competitiveness, you have to establish a guideline. When problems arise, use mediation without prejudices and bias. No one on your team should receive unfair treatment.

Conflict management helps us to deal with over-reactions, personal relationships, broken business, even problem solving. It is wise to think before you talk; especially about issues that may have an emotional touch. Preparation techniques:

Personality Clashes: Conflict creates from different work styles, habits, speaking styles, types of humor, beliefs. Make every effort to resolve interpersonal issues before they poison the working team. Focus on what we need to do or focus what need to be done, not personalities. Think about to whom you are talking; people hear things in different ways. Some peoples are visual and some others are auditory. Use some writing with visual and tell something straight to auditory people. Be prepared for painful conversation so you will feel better after it’s over. Be polite and physically and emotionally balanced in order to behave appropriately. That allows managing your feeling. As an example - Ami works quickly and Mouri is more methodical. If they can respect each other styles and concede a little here and there, Ami will have the benefit of being slowed down to reduce errors made in haste and Mouri will have the advantage of being more aware of pace.

Technical Difficulties: Stress level is getting high because some of us hesitate to change. New equipment/software is not working well, but to operate more smoothly and effectively, we all need to work together to set short and achievable goals.

Blame Games: Blame games have no winner. While you find the source of problem or error it is essential to make correction and ensure future success, blaming is never helpful. Encourage your team members to assist one another. People make mistake. Acknowledge early that it is okay. Otherwise you will create a climate of blame where everyone is so afraid and no one is learning from mistakes. Be sure that the issue is real and you are not just complaining. Look at the real issue to avoid blaming and instead taking responsibility.

Page 3: Understanding Conflict” - BPNetwork · Understanding conflict is a process that helps us to finding the middle ground, and clearing up misunderstandings. Conflict can quickly become

Bangladeshi Professionals Network(BPNetwork) www.bpnetwork.ca Mozammel Khan

Issue : 18 White Paper Series P a g e | 3 “Understanding Conflict”

Reacting in an aggressive manner instantly can end up in the person loosing authority and living in fear with suppressed anger. This can lead to taking careless actions and regret. If you are having conflict with spouse, family, friends, clients, team members you should correct it by talking rather than suppressing.

Competition in the Ranks: Friendly competitions are fine, but encouraging cut-throat behavior among team members will cause defeat. A team member who puts another down hurts the team. Establishing goals and working towards them together will strengthen the sense of team. Work together, not against each other. Please share your knowledge with the team. Repair Relationship - If we want to work together, we should learn to consider others needs and compromise instead of using our ego. If an apology is required, give it or ask for it. If forgiveness from your end is needed, give it; Remember, no one is perfect in this world and in most cases, we hurt or offend people surrounding us without knowing it.

Gender Bias: Promote a climate of equality. Understand everyone’s roles and responsibilities and assign them accordingly in order to work together. Everyone on this team deserves respect and equal treatment. All rules of conduct apply to both men and women. A team is only as strong as the level of respect team members show one another.

Generation Clashes: Some people are still believe to the idea that promotions should be based on seniority and feel uncomfortable when younger team members advance quickly or come-in at higher levels. Make clear that a younger team member who has received a promotion has the requisite skills like – attitude about work, communicating, and technology using. This way, people can be open and creative instead of constricted.

5. Conclusion: People are naturally most interested in anything that has to do with them. Once we understand this, we can tailor our communications to reduce conflict. Don’t contribute to it…improve it, to enhance the quality of our community and live more peacefully. No doubt, this is really an important issue. I believe; there are many experts in our community, who can help us by providing more detailed valuable information on this issue. BPNetwork needs your help and active participation in addressing this issue. Please email your suggestion to: [email protected]