ukupa wud09 debra lilley: reducing household energy use

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Reducing Household Energy Use Considerations for developing design interventions to encourage more sustainable behaviour [ World Usability Day – 12 th November 2009 ] Dr Debra Lilley [ Department of Design and Technology & ESRI Loughborough University ]

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Carbon, Control and Comfort is a three-year collaborative research project aiming to engage users in the design of control systems that they like, that allow them to create the comfort conditions they want and which, through using the technology and fabric of their homes more effectively, reduces their energy use. This presentation will discuss how occupants' comfort practices impact upon energy use and the socio-technical, usability, design and ethical factors which could inform the development of new devices or systems that enhance and promote energy reducing comfort practices.

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Page 1: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

Reducing Household Energy Use  ‐Considerations for developing design interventions to encourage more sustainable behaviour

[ World Usability Day – 12th November 2009 ]

Dr Debra Lilley[ Department of Design and Technology & ESRI

Loughborough University ]

Page 2: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

Carbon, Control and Comfort:User‐centred control systems for carbon reduction and load distribution (2009‐2011)

[ Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council & E.On UK ]

Page 3: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

Aim

[ to engage users in the design of control systems that they like, that allow them to create the comfort conditions they want and which, through using the technology and fabric of their homes more effectively,reduces their energy use] 

Context

[ social housing tenants ] [ Merthyr Tydfil  ‐Wales / Harrogate ‐ Leeds ] [ families / elderly ‐ individuals & couples ] 

Page 4: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

Talk

[ Context  occupants' comfort practices & energy use ] 

[ Existing interventions; socio‐technical, usability, design & ethical factors in relation to social housing ]

[ Next Steps ‐ capturing user behaviour, identifying impacts, applying theory, new design interventions ]

Page 5: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

Variability in energy consumption in the home can be affected byoccupants’ comfort practices…

Page 6: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

… by how they interact with technologies, fabric & furnishings in their homes …

Page 7: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

… their level of activity and the clothes they choose to wear

Page 8: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

… the appliances and devices they own and use

Page 9: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

… and the way in which products are used in the home 

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Rise in single‐occupancy households and disposable income

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… increasing mobility of women, home‐working and a ‘24/7’ culture

Page 12: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

…. increased use of energy‐intensive appliances….

Page 13: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

… energy consumption from lighting and appliances has increased, despite efficiency gains in other areas (e.g. energy efficient boilers)

Page 14: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

…although  energy labelling schemes on domestic appliances have increased in recent years they are misleading as do not consider real use behaviours such as opening, adding food at room temperature

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80% of UK public are convinced about climate change and express strong concern about the environmental impacts but their actionsdo not reflect their concerns

Page 16: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

Few people make the link between environmental problems and the energy and materials used at home

Page 17: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

Feedback on energy usage is limited…

Page 18: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

Householders wishing to monitor energy consumption in more detail can choose from a vast array of ‘off‐the‐shelf’ feedback devices……

… from the utilitarian  “kill‐a‐watt”

… to the more desirable “wattson”

Page 19: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

e.g. Watts Up Pro ‐ user connects all data outputs from individual monitors to a central system.

e.g. Kill A Watt ‐ requires user to observe screen which, if plugged into the wall under a desk or table, can be difficult to access.

Page 20: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

…. pictorial or abstract formats…e.g. Tiffany Holmes Eco visualization

..ambient (e.g. light, colour, sound) e.g. Energy Aware Cord / Consumption Feedback Switch

… displayed in numeric…

Page 21: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

connects to PC to upload data to a web portal for more detailed information and energy reduction advice.

Onzo smart energy kitin‐home display, sensor and web portal 

Page 22: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

Energy data can be delivered via dedicated devices or by ‘piggy‐backing’ on existing products such as iPods and iPhones, digital televisions…

e.g. “Current State” ‐ a conceptual mobile application used to monitor and control energy usage in the home. 

Page 23: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

...or internet applications

e.g. Google PowerMeter• free electricity usage monitoring tool • receives data from utility smart meters and in‐home energy management 

devices and visualizes information on iGoogle• now in‐partnership with TED – The Energy Detective.

Page 24: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

Some energy monitoring devices use social networking and blogging services which utilize instant messaging or a web interface

Yello Sparzähler smart meters‘tweet’ about energy use

Page 25: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

user

product

power in dec

ision‐mak

ing

guidechange

Eco‐Information

Eco‐Choice 

Eco‐Feedback

• onus on user to learn from feedback and change behaviour

• less control – more room for non‐compliance• greater acceptance by users?

maintainchange

Eco‐ Spur

Eco‐Steer 

• choice with some persuasion • feedback mechanism ensures cause‐effect 

relationship maintained

ensurechange

Eco‐Technology

Clever Design

• eradicates need for human intervention• minimises unpredictability • ensures compliance• users less likely to learn from & adapt behaviour 

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• Take into account target users needs / expectations / context 

• Facilitate continued use – self‐generating not non‐rechargeable

• Embodied and in‐use energy vs. energy savings

• Sustained interaction

• Choice vs control ‐ tolerance / preference

Page 29: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

Next steps

[ user centred research – intensive monitoring / ethnography  ] 

[ design intervention development ]

[ testing and evaluation ]

Page 30: UKUPA WUD09  Debra Lilley: Reducing Household Energy Use

Thank you for listening

Dr Debra [email protected]://www.design‐behaviour.co.ukhttp://www.designandbehaviour.com