INTRODUCTION

Seberang Perai Tengah is one of the five districts in the state of Penang. There are 86

schools in Seberang Perai Tengah from 398 of school in Penang (See Diagram 2).

There are 6 types of primary schools include sekolah kebangsaan, sekolah rendah

kebangsaan, sekolah jenis kebangsaan cina, sekolah jenis kebangsaan tamil, sekolah

kebangsaan khas dan sekolah rendah agama (SABK). The total number of primary

schools is 56 schools. Meanwhile, the number of secondary school is 30 include

sekolah menengah kebangsaan, sekolah menengah vokasional, sekolah menengah

berasrama penuh dan sekolah menengah agama (SABK). School means the place

where ten people or commonly be taught either in one or more classes, but does not

include any place that limited his teaching to the teaching of any religion solely under

the Education Act 1996.

Inspection of the school environment is one of the health services provided by

the Ministry of Health to students in the school to ensure optimum health care. School

environmental services carried out by the Ministry of Health and Ministry of

Education are integrated. Inspection of the school environment includes school

infrastructure inspection, sanitation, vector-borne disease control, hygiene monitoring,

control canteen and others. Priority is given to school children across Malaysia

government assistance. Health services have been initiated in the country in 1967 and

in 1975, the school health team was established to enable the visits for inspection

made to primary and secondary schools in Malaysia.

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Inspection of school environment is subject to the various laws such as the

Food Act 1983, Food Hygiene Regulations 2007, Uniform Building By-Laws 1984,

Education Act 1996, Destruction of Disease Bearing Insects Act 1975, Tobaccos

Control Act that led to the penalty if the school management failed to comply with

those acts. Assistant Environmental Health Officer will carry out inspections at the

school every year to ensure that the school is clean and safe. Unit of Occupational and

Environmental Health is a one of the unit under the Inspectorate and Enforcement

Unit of the Seberang Perai Tengah District Health Office, which is responsible for

carrying out inspection of schools in the district of Seberang Perai Tengah. The

inspection of school is one of the duties of Assistant Environmental Health Officer

under the Occupational and Environmental Health Unit of the Seberang Perai Tengah

District Health Office.

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OBJECTIVES

General Objective

The inspection of school is intended to monitor compliance by the school

management on aspect of safety, health and comfort of school residents, especially

school children.

Specific Objectives

1. To identify the hazards that exists in school.

2. To identify the conditions that potentially threatens the safety of students at

school.

3. To deliver health education to the school with respect to the importance of

environmental health in schools.

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METHODOLOGY

On Monday, 10th August 2015, the inspection of environment school has been carried

out for the health inspection of the school environment from 10.00 am until 10:30 am.

These inspections were carried out at SJK (C) Sin Kay where located at

Perkampungan Machang Bubok, 14020 Bukit Mertajam, Penang (See Diagram 1).

This activity was carried out by members of the Occupational and Environmental

Health Unit from Seberang Perai Tengah District Health Office including AEHO U32

Vincent Mark Cornelius, AEHO U29 Muhammad Syafiq Bin Tajuddin dan PKA U17

Fazrul Izman Bin Che Om. All of the trainees of Assistant Environmental Health

Officer from Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) including Nur Nadiah Nabilah

Binti Jainuddin, Nurul Atikah Binti Mohamed Sulaiman, Nor Shafirah Binti Mat

Salleh, Azieraini Binti Anuar dan Farah Nurawalin Binti Othman also joined the

inspection of school that have been conducted.

Before we went to school, we were briefed by PPKP U29 Muhammad Shafiq

bin Tajuddin about inspections of school environmental health and learn about the

procedure of school inspection (See Appendix 3). Then, we have provided the forms

and equipment required for school inspection activities in accordance with a checklist

of equipment (See Appendix 4). Once all the equipment for inspection has been

provided, we went to SRK (C) Kay Sin with office van that has been provided.

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After arriving at school, AEHO Muhammad Shafiq bin Tajuddin and PKA

Fazrul Che Azman Bin Om went to see the headmaster of the school, Mrs. Chin Keng

Kooh to introduce ourselves and explain the purpose of coming is to conduct the

inspections of school environmental health. The administrative data of school such as

number of teachers, number of student and others also obtained. Then, we carried out

an examination of the school using the form KKM/SEKOLAH/1/2005, which is form

of Inspection and Enforcement of Environmental Health of School. Inspection

accompanied by the teacher student affairs (HEM), Mrs Khew Yee Chet (See Figure

1). After inspection, AEHO Muhammad Shafiq bin Tajuddin has explained the

problems and recommendations for improvement to Mrs Khew Yee Chet as a

representative of the school.

After completion of the inspection, we are return to the office. In the office,

we have learned how to make a report on the inspection of school that have been

carried out from AEHO Muhammad Shafiq bin Tajuddin. After that, the report was

submitted to the AEHO U32 Vincent Mark Cornelius for review and further action.

Finally, the revised report would be sent to the school for attention and remedial

action (See Appendix 6).

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RESULTS OR OUTCOME

The school inspection carried out by using the form KKM/SEKOLAH/1/2005, which

are a Form of Inspection and Enforcement of Environmental Health of School. Based

on the form, the assessment carried out covers an area outside the school environment

and the internal area the school. The area surrounding the schools assessed involves

the location of schools and health problem areas. Meanwhile, evaluation of an internal

area of the school include basic facilities of building, state of facilities provided, the

state of canteen, sanitary facilities condition, vector and animal control activity, the

safety aspect of student as well as state of equipment and facilities of sport and

recreational.

Based on an inspection that was carried out, the schools are free of outbreaks

of infectious diseases such as dengue and malaria. In addition, there is no interference

from pests or wild animals that occur in the school because the school is gated. In

addition, the structure of the building (floors, roofs, ceilings and floors) in good

condition and the paint is still neat. Ventilation and lighting for the entire building are

adequate and comply under UBBL 1984. Mechanical ventilation such as fans and air

conditioners that are used well maintained. Furthermore, the conditions of classrooms

are in good condition and not a potential causing of accidents (See Figure 3). Next,

canteen facilities were clean and neat (See Figure 5). Sources of water supply from

Water Supply Corporation Penang (PBA) are treated. Next, the state of drainage

around the school is in good condition (See Figure 4). Toilet facilities are cleaned on

schedule but there are toilets that were damaged (See Figure 6 & 7). In addition, the

schools have an emergency action plan and displayed in every classroom. Lastly, all

buildings have a fire extinguisher that is placed in a conspicuous and strategic place.

Environmental conditions in schools are in good and satisfactory condition however

there are some problems that have been identified during the inspection.

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The problems that existed in the schools are as follows:

NO. PROBLEMS SCORE

A THE ENVIRONMENT AREA OUTSIDE THE SCHOOL

1 Location

1.2 Lowland areas / Flood 0

1.5 Residential Area 0

2 Problematic areas of health

2.4 The noise disturbance 0

2.5 The odor nuisance 0

2.8 Black/Crimes area 0

B THE CONDITION OF AREA INSIDE THE SCHOOL

4 Condition of facilities provided

4.11 Clinic/Treatment room 0

4.14 Prayer room 0

6 Sanitary Facilities

6.2 Toilet 0

7 Vector and Animal Control

7.2 Flies control 0

Indicator:

Section A (0) - In the area / border

Section B (0) - None / not provided

There are some problems that have been identified, involving various aspects.

Firstly, in the area outside the school environment, school location is in a residential

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area of Taman Machang Bubok and is in the lowland areas / flood. Second, the health

problems were detected where this school is located in the noise disturbance and odor

as well as the black / crime area. The school is in a noise disturbance as it is located

close to the main road. Meanwhile, the school is also located near poultry farming

which causes disturbance odor. The school is also located in the area of crime because

this school had been broken before.

In addition, this school is not providing basic facilities such as treatment room

and prayer room. In addition, in terms of sanitary facilities, condition of the toilets in

the school is unsatisfactory situation because a lid of flushing cistern in the toilet girls

is in the open and not covered (See Figure 7). In the aspect of vector and animal

control, the school does not conduct effective flies control activities because there are

breeding of flies in the school canteen (See Figure 8). Based on the results of

inspections carried out on this school, the total assessment scores that were given are

86,375% @ 86.4%.

The calculation of the evaluation of the school based on the form as follow (See

Appendix 5):

Total mark for Section A = 12 + 6.25 = 18.25 / 25

Total mark for Section B = 5 + 13.125 + 15+ 12.5 + 12.5 + 8+ 2

= 68.125 / 75

Total mark = 18.25 + 68.125

= 86.375 % @ 86.4%

DISCUSSION

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The school environment can affect school residents, especially school students in

various aspects such as physical, emotional, intellectual and social. Physical safety of

students would be affected if the school is in an unsafe environment. Unwanted

incidents may happen if the school management does not emphasizing the health and

safety of school children. The achievement of school children also will deteriorate in

terms of intellectual if schools do not provide a conducive environmental for learning.

Based on that inspection was carried out on SJK Kay Sin, various problems

have been identified. Generally, location of the school is in suitable area and not

risky. However school is exposed to flood events in case of heavy rain. Hence, noise

disturbance due to the location of the school near the road can cause learning of

school pupils disturbed. Disturbance smell from poultry farming may also interfere

with learning in the social and emotional aspects. The safety of school children will

also be intimidated due to the school is in a black / crime area.

Basic facilities such as room and prayer room treatment that is not provided

causing inconvenience for the use of students and teachers who need it. In addition,

lid of flushing cistern that is open and uncovered can be a breeding ground for

mosquitoes. Lastly, control flies were not carried out can result in breeding of flies,

which indirectly led to cases of food poisoning and other foodborne diseases.

Therefore, improvement measures should be carried out by the school management to

ensure that environment of schools are healthy and safe for school residents especially

school children.

RECOMMENDATIONS

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Based on the results of inspections carried out, the school management has been given

some suggestions for improvement to solve several problems that have been

identified. Suggestions for improvements that have been recommended to the school

management is to ensure that the lid of flushing cistern at toilet always tightly closed

and unused toilet should be monitored to prevent become a breeding ground for

Aedes mosquitoes. In addition, any defective toilet and water pipe should be repaired

immediately for the convenience of students and teachers. The school has been urged

to provide a suitable room or space in the school to separate any school residents who

suffer from infectious diseases.

CONCLUSIONS

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In conclusion, the school inspection is carried out to ensure that schools comply with

health and safety standards as outlined by the Ministry of Health. The schools

inspection procedures need to be emphasized to ensure the safety and comfort of

occupants of the school, especially school children. This inspection also aims to

ensure that schools comply with the Education Act 1996. The law involved in

activities of schools inspection is the Food Act 1983, Food Hygiene Regulations

2007, Uniform Building By-Laws 1984, Education Act 1996, Destruction of Disease

Bearing Insects Act 1975, Tobaccos Control Act and the school canteen guidelines.

The inspection of school implemented was intended to evaluate the safety and

hygiene in schools. School inspection was carried out to identify the hazards that exist

in school to ensure the health and safety of school student. Furthermore, the

inspection was conducted to identify the conditions that potentially threaten the safety

of students at school so that school management can take remedial action

immediately. Other than that, environmental health education can be delivered to the

school management with respect to the importance of the school environment mainly

to the school children to protect the health of school children.

REFERENCES

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Bilangan sekolah ikut PPD. (2014, April 2). Retrieved August 2015, 15, from Portal

Rasmi Jabatan Pendidikan Pulau Pinang:

http://www.jpnpenang.edu.my/main/viewpage.php?page_id=121 .

Kesihatan Pekerjaan dan Alam Sekeliling. (n.d.). Retrieved August 15, 2015, from

Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah Baling:

http://members.tripod.com/kesihatan_baling/pkd.baling/id6.html .

Perkhidmatan Kesihatan Sekolah. (n.d.). Retrieved August 14, 2015, from My Health:

http://www.myhealth.gov.my/index.php/my/bayikanak-kanak/umum/perkhidm

atan-kesihatan-sekolah?format=pdf .

Fail Meja Unit Kesihatan Pekerja dan Alam Sekeliling. (n.d.). Bukit Mertajam:

Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah Seberang Perai Tengah.

Uniform Building By-Laws 1984. (2013). Petaling Jaya: International Law Book

Services.

Akta Pendidikan 1996. (n.d.). Retrieved August 15, 2015, from Laman Sesawang

Rasmi Jabatan Pendidikan Tinggi:

http://jpt.mohe.gov.my/RUJUKAN/akta/akta%20pendidikan%201996.pdf

Education Ordinance 1952. (n.d.). Retrieved August 14, 2015, from Australian

Capital Territory Numbered Ordinances:

http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/act/num_ord/eo1952157/

APPENDICES

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APPENDIX

Figure 1: The inspection was accompanied by Mrs Khew Yee Chet.

Figure 2: The inspection has been carried out at SJK (C) Kay Sin.

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Figure 3: The classrooms at SJK Kay Sin are in good condition.

Figure 4: The drainage facility at SJK (C) Kay Sin is in good condition.

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Figure 5: The canteen at SJK (C) Kay Sin is in good condition.

Figure 6: The boy’s toilets at SJK (C) Kay Sin are in good condition.

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Figure 7: The lid of Flushing cistern is open and not cover.

Figure 8: The breeding of flies have been found at SJK (C) Kay Sin.

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APPENDIX 2

Diagram 1: The SJK (C) Kay Sin was located at Machang Bubok.

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BIL JENIS SEKOLAH P010 TIMUR LAUT

P020 TENGAH

P030 SELATAN

P040 BARAT DAYA

P050 UTARA

JUMLAH

1 SK 13 28 20 21 38 1202 SRK 17 4 1 2 5 293 SJK (C) 37 16 7 14 16 904 SJK (T) 5 6 11 2 4 285 SK (Khas) 2 1 0 0 0 36 SR Agama

(SABK)0 1 0 0 0 1

JUMLAH SEKOLAH RENDAH

74 56 39 39 63 271

7 SMK 31 24 14 11 22 1028 SM Vokasional 0 1 0 0 0 1

9 SM Teknik 1 0 0 0 0 110 SMK Agama 2 0 1 0 1 4

11 SM Khas 1 0 0 0 0 112 SM Berasrama

Penuh0 1 0 0 1 2

13 SM+SR (Model Khas)

0 0 0 0 1 1

14 SM Agama (SABK)

1 4 1 1 4 11

15 Kolej Vokasional

1 0 1 1 1 4

JUMLAH SEKOLAH MENENGAH

37 30 17 13 30 127

JUMLAH KESELURUHAN

111 86 56 52 93 398

Sumber: http://www.jpnpenang.edu.my/main/viewpage.php?page_id=121

Diagram 2: The number of schools in Penang.

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APPENDIX 3

CARTA ALIR PROSES KERJA PEMERIKSAAN KESIHATAN PERSEKITARAN SEKOLAH.

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Kenalpasti sekolah yang hendak diperiksa

Menyediakan peralatan dan borang

Melawat sekolah yang telah dikenalpasti

Jumpa dengan guru besar/pengetua

Memperkenalkan diri dan menerangkan tujuan

kedatangan dan meminta data pentadbiran sekolah.

Menjalankan pemeriksaan sambil ditemani wakil pihak sekolah

Mengambil gambar sekitar sekolah

Memberi nasihat-nasihat dan pendidikan kesihatan kepada pihak sekolah

Buat laporan

Serahkan laporan kepada PPKP Kanan

Hantar laporan kepada pihak sekolah

APPENDIX 4

SENARAI SEMAK PEMERIKSAAN KESIHATAN PERSEKITARAN SEKOLAH

1. Senarai Semak Sebelum Ke Lapangan

Bil Senarai Semak Pegawai Pemeriksa Ada Tiada Catatan

1. Pakaian Seragam Lengkap

2. Kad Pengenalan Diri JKN3. Borang OHU / AUDIT H&S - 1.4. Kad diberi Kuasa5. Kenderaan / Logistik

2. Senarai Semak Peralatan (Inspection Kits)

Bil Senarai Semak Kit Pemeriksaan Ada Tiada Catatan

1. Beg Sampling2. Papan Klip (Clip Board )3. Pita Pengukur (Measuring Tape)4. Lux Meter5. Lampu suluh / Lampu Ultra Violet6. Probe Thermometer / Laser Thermometer7. Kamera / Bateri Kamera8. Pen Mata Bulat / Pensel9. Stapler & Stapless10. Cop / Rubber Stamp11. Alat GPS12. Pemadam15. Kalkulator

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APPENDIX 5

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APPENDIX 6

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