uderstanding business
TRANSCRIPT
UNDERSTANDINGBUSINESS
MANAJEMEN BISNIS PARIWISATAMatakuliah : PPW1 semester 3Dosen : Beta B (Beb)
DEFINING BUSINESS
A commercial activity engaged in as a means of livelihood or profit, or an entity which engages in such activities (investorwords.com)
2 Dimensi- Product and Market Product Market Grid (Ansoff Matrix)
3 Dimensi- Served Customer Groups Catagories of customer (Who)- Served Customer Functions Customer needs (What)- Technologies Utilized
The way that the needs are being satisfied (How)
General Business Definition
A business (also called a company, firm and enterprise)
is a legally recognized organization designed to provide goods and/or services to consumers. Businesses are predominant in capitalist economies, most being privately owned and formed to earn profit that will increase the wealth of its owners and grow the business itself
Business Classification by Ownership Usaha Perseorangan (Sole Proprietorship)
Persekutuan (General Partnership)
- CV (Persekutuan Commanditer)
- Firma
- Koperasi
Business Classification by Ownership
Perusahaan (Limited Partnership / PT)- Perseroan Terbatas Tertutup (Private Corporation)- Perseroan Terbatas Terbuka (Public Corporation)- S Corporation (Campuran perseroan tertutup dan persekutuan)- Bentuk Campuran (Limited Liability Corporation / LLC)
Perusahaan Profesional (dokter, pengacara, akuntan, sekelompok profesional yang memiliki keahlian yg sama)
Perusahaan Multinational / Transnational(Bursa Efek, manager umumnya berasal dari beberapa negara
Business Type
Agriculture and mining businesses are concerned with the production of raw material, such as plants or minerals.
Financial businesses include banks and other companies that generate profit through investment and management of capital.
Information businesses generate profits primarily from the resale of intellectual property and include movie studios, publishers and packaged software companies.
Business Type
Manufacturers produce products, from raw materials or component parts, which they then sell at a profit. Companies that make physical goods, such as cars or pipes, are considered manufacturers.
Real estate businesses generate profit from the selling, renting, and development of properties, homes, and buildings.
Retailers and Distributors act as middle-men in getting goods produced by manufacturers to the intended consumer, generating a profit as a result of providing sales or distribution services. Most consumer-oriented stores and catalogue companies are distributors or retailers. See also: Franchising
Business Type
Service businesses offer intangible goods or services and typically generate a profit by charging for labor or other services provided to government, other businesses or consumers. Organizations ranging from house decorators to consulting firms to restaurants and even to entertainers are types of service businesses.
Transportation businesses deliver goods and individuals from location to location, generating a profit on the transportation costs
Utilities produce public services, such as heat, electricity, or sewage treatment, and are usually government chartered.
Business Definition FrameworkBUSINESS SCOPE
Corporate Level Business Unit Sub Business Unit Lower organizational level
Describes or communicate change in business definition Describes of communicate the business of the competition Systematically analyze the growth opportunities for
business Describe or communicate (the evolution of) markets
Business Scope Corporate Level
Creating value by managing businesses portfolio over the long term success
Developing business units, and ensuring that each business is compatible with others in its portfolio
- Reach (defining vision, mision, goals)- Competitive Contact (competition localized)- Managing Activities and Business Interrelationship (develop
synergies)- Management Practice (centralized or decentralized)
Business Scope
Business Unit LevelDivision / Product Line / Other Profit Center
Practical coordination of operating units and about developing and sustaining a competitive advantage for the products and services that are produced. (porter generic strategies – market vs attractiveness)
- Positioning the business against rivals- Anticipating change in demand and technologies and
adjusting the strategy to accommodate them- Influencing the nature of competition thru strategic
actions (such as vertical integration n political action)
Business Scope
Lower organisational Level (functional / departmental level)
Is the level of the operating divisions and departments.
The strategic issues at the functional level are related to functional business processes and value chain.
. Functional level strategies in R&D, operations, manufacturing, marketing, finance, and human resources involve the development and coordination of resources through which business unit level strategies can be executed effectively and efficiently.
The Tree of Business
Functional
Business Unit
Corporate
Portfolio
Portfolio (Finance Perspective) : is an appropriate mix or collection of investments held by institutions or a private individual
Portfolio (management) : describe profile of your bisnis- Vision, Mission, goals - Resource Capabilities. - Performance measurement, most typically expected
return on the portfolio, and the risk associated with this return (i.e. the standard deviation of the return)..
Value Chain
Value chain is a high-level model of how businesses receive raw materials as input, add value to the raw materials through various processes, and sell finished products to customers
Business Process
"A process is a specific ordering of work activities across time and place, with a beginning, and end, and clearly identified inputs and outputs: a structure for action."
"A business process is the complete and dynamically coordinated set of collaborative and transactional activities that deliver value to customers."
Comparative Advantage
Comparative Advantage concerns differences in the endowment of the factors of production
Comparative Advantage = Resource Endowment / Having an abundance of resources
ComparativeAdvantages
(resource endowments)
The competitive strengths which are primarily due to the resource endowments which have been accorded by nature as well as the historical and economic evolution/ development of the destination
Competitive Advantage
A competitive advantage can be attained if the current strategy is value-creating, and not currently being implemented by present or possible future competitors (Barney, 1991)
Competitive Advantage = Resource Deployment (entrepreneur’s ability to add value to the available resource)
CompetitiveAdvantages
(resource deployment)
The competitive advantages which are primarily due to the skill, efficiency, and effectiveness with which existing resources are being utilized by those responsible for destination policy, strategy,and management
Sustainable competitive advantage
is the focal point of your corporate strategy. It allows the maintenance and improvement of your enterprise's competitive position in the market.
It is an advantage that enables business to survive against its competition over a long period of time.
Sustainable Value Creation
For Customers, Suppliers, Shareholders, Employees, Society, and Environment
Unique, Difficult to replicate, superior to competition, sustainable, applicable to multi situation
Distinctive Capabilities (Resource Based View)
Resource and Capabilities
Resources are inputs into a firm’s production process; can be classified : Physical, Human, Organisational, Knowledge, Infrastructure and Superstructure, Capital, Historical and Cultural, size of economy, etc
A capability is a capacity of an integrated set of resources to integratively perform a task or activity
Resources
are inputs into a firm's production process, such as capital, equipment, the skills of individual employees, patents, finance, and talented managers.
Resources are either tangible or intangible in nature.
Individual resources may not yield to a competitive advantage. It is through the synergistic combination and integration of sets of resources that competitive advantages are formed.
To be continued……
After UTS….Tourism BusinessBusiness Planning ApproachResource Based View