UAVUF 118 Night

FalconONE OF THE ULTIMATE

DEFENSE SYSTEMSFROM SURVAILLANCE TO

TAKING OUT ANYTHING THAT MOVES

DESIGNED AND CREATED BY RANDY PARRILLA

ROBERT BROWN

EMANUEL TOWNS II

THE PURPOSE AND GOAL• Design a plane that can be used for both scientific purposes and for the military

• The plane must be– Flexible– Adaptable– Capable of performing reconnaissance work– Geo-Mapping ready– Able to collect samples of various pollutants– Ready to conduct “Search and Destroy” missions– Prepared to research in general

UAV CONCEPTUAL DESIGNS

The Three Original Designs

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN #1

THE FIRST CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

• Able to reach high speeds

• Very Maneuverable• Flight ceiling - 20000 ft

• Ability to carry a medium sized payload

• Nose Cone is detachable so that Equipment can be added for different missions

Single Fuselage Monoplane

THE FIRST CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

• Uses one propeller• Uses an:

– FX 60-100 Airfoil or– Eppler 423 Airfoil

• Monoplane with a 5 foot wingspan• Uses either a gas engine or electric motor– Electric -> if we choose this, we will use either batteries or fuel cells

THE SECOND CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

Front

Front

THE SECOND CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

• Able to reach relatively high speeds

• Slightly maneuverable

• Flight ceiling between 25000 ft and 30000 ft

• Carries heavy loads

• Consists of multiple booms that can carry various forms of equipment

Multi-Fuselage Monoplane

THE SECOND CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

• Uses two propellers• Uses an:

– FX 60-100 Airfoil or– Eppler 423 Airfoil

• Monoplane with an eight-foot wingspan

• Uses either a gas engine or electric motor– Electric -> if we choose this, we will use either batteries or fuel cells

THE THIRD CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

THE THIRD CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

• Can only travel at low speeds

• High maneuverability

• Flight ceiling between 10000 ft and 15000 ft

• Carries heavy loads

Single-Fuselage Biplane

THE THIRD CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

• Uses one propeller• Uses an:

– Eppler 423 Airfoil

• Biplane– Top wing has a span of 5 feet– Bottom wing has a span of 4.5 feet

• Uses either a gas engine or electric motor– Electric -> if we choose this, we will use either batteries or fuel cells

Electric Engine

• S28-400• 4.5 Horsepower or More (depending on voltage)

• 6.9 Lbs• 4900 max RPM• 24 Volts• 83% Optimum Efficiency

DESIGNING THE AIRFOILS

Eppler 423• This wing design allows for a great amount of lift

• Because of the foil’s ability to gain a great amount of lift the foils have a greater ratio of weight for every cubic inch of the wing

• However, this airfoil creates a great deal of drag, therefore it is used for slow moving aircrafts

• Uses a sharply curve top edge but a very shallow edge on the bottom to gain this effect needed for its great amount of lift

• However this means that the plane cannot achieve the same maneuverability as faster moving fighters or planes that surpass supersonic speeds

Clark Y• This wing design is similar to that of the Eppler

• The Clark Y provides a high lift coefficient, but not as high as the Eppler 423

• It has a shallower top curve than the Eppler’s airfoil design, and the bottom curve is at a lower angle of attack to provide less drag.

Wortmann FX 60-100• The airfoil design is specifically used for certain fighter planes (F14,

F16, F17, etc.)

• It provides a relatively high amount of lift, as well as being aerodynamic enough to reach high speeds.

• The camber is slightly greater than the Clark Y, but 3 times smaller than that of the Eppler 423.

CHOOSING A FUEL SOURCE

Gasoline• Gas powered engines have the capability of having high power and

torque.• Gas powered engines are relatively small and efficient.• However, gas powered engines are not as efficient as electrical or

fuel cell engines and therefore require a higher amount of fuel to last longer.

• Too much fuel would weigh down the plane making the engine work harder to provide thrust.

GAS IS EXPENSIVE!

Battery/Electricity• Batteries allow for the ability to change the horsepower which

can make the engine efficient• The engine that we want to use optimally uses neodyne

magnets making the resistance decrease and the electric engine more effective

• The neodyne magnets allow for a great deal of horsepower to be produced even at a low voltage

Neodyne Magnets

Fuel Cell• Fuel Cells use hydrogen which has a much smaller density than

gasoline

• Density of H2 = 0.07 grams per cc

• Density of Gas = 0.75 grams per cc

• The energy output of 9.5 kg of H2 is the same as the energy output of 25kg of gasoline.

• The difficulty lies in the storage.

• Liquid H2 is achieved at -259.2 C @ 1 atm

FINALIZING THE DESIGN

  Multi-FuselageSingle

Monoplane Single Biplane

Cost 4 5 3

Drag 3 4 2

Lift 4 2 5

Size 4 5 3

Weight 4 3 2

Total 19 19 15

Ranking the Conceptual Designs

Ranking The Wing Design

  Eppler 423 Clark Y FX 60-100

Cost 5 3 4

Lift Coeff. 5 2 3

Drag 3 4 2

Total 13 9 9

Ranking The Engine Designs

  Fuel Cell Gasoline Battery Powered

Cost 3 5 4

Power 5 4 3

Efficiency 5 3 4

Weight 5 4 4

Ratings 4 4 4

Total 22 20 19

HOW THE DESIGN WAS CREATED

• This design was adapted from Dick Rutan’s Voyager, which made the first nonstop round-the-world flight

• This design, however, is meant to be used for military or scientific use

Works Cited / Links

http://www.robotcombat.com/marketplace_magmotors.htmlhttp://www.nasg.com/afdb/show-airfoil-e.phtml?id=291http://www.euweb.de/fuel-cell-bus/storage.htm

http://www.e-sources.com/fuelcell/fcexpln.htmlhttp://www.robotcombat.com/marketplace_magmotors.htmlhttp://www.hyweb.de/Knowledge/w-i-energiew-eng2.htmlhttp://www.ae.su.oz.au/aero/propeller/prop1.htmlhttp://www.euweb.de/fuel-cell-bus/storage.htmhttp://www.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/storage/

hydrogen_storage.html