u4l11 - water balance - blood osmotic pressure copy · blood osmotic pressure (e.g. sweating,...
TRANSCRIPT
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Part 1: Blood Osmotic Pressure
Water Balance
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UrineDrinkDrink
FoodEvaporation
Water Input Water Output
Feces
Urine
Sweat
Blood Osmotic PressureTo maintain proper water balance, body must regulate urine outputWater intake high - more urine produced
“Balance” achieved through interaction of nervous and endocrine systems
Water intake low - less urine produced
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Review of Osmosis
cytoplasm
Osmosis - movement of water through a semi-permeable membrane,
from area of low solute concentration to area of
high solute concentration
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Homeostasis:Increase inblood osmotic pressure(e.g. sweating, dehydration)
Osmoreceptors locatedin hypothalamus detectchanges in osmotic pressure Nerve message sent to
pituitary glandAllows increased water absorption
Release of ADHPituitary gland stores and releases ADH into blood
Water reabsorption prevents osmotic pressure of body fluids from increasing any further
High
Cells of hypothalamus shrink:Behavioral response:
Drinking lowers osmotic pressure of blood
Blood Osmotic Pressure and Blood Volume
Sensation of thirst
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As osmoreceptors return to normal size, ADH production stops, and thirst subsidesNegative feedback system
Shrinking of osmoreceptors also leads to sensation of thirstDrinking water reduces osmotic pressure of blood
Osmoreceptors in hypothalamus can detect changes in osmotic pressure (“saltiness”) of bloodHigh blood osmotic pressure makes osmoreceptors shrink, causing them to send a nerve impulse to pituitary glandPituitary gland responds by secreting antidiuretic hormone (ADH)ADH travels through bloodstream to kidneys where it causes proximal tubule to reabsorb more waterCauses body to retain water by making urine more concentrated
Blood Osmotic Pressure