u3e-l8 1.what does the following schematic symbol represent? 2.what does the following schematic...

U3e- L8 1. What does the following schematic symbol represent? 2. What does the following schematic symbol represent? 3. How many volts are typical in a residential electrical outlet? 4. What do graphs of DC and AC power sources look like? Why? March 04, 2010 DRILL DC Power Supply AC Power Supply 120 volts

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U3e-L8

1. What does the following schematic symbol represent?

2. What does the following schematic symbol represent?

3. How many volts are typical in a residential electrical outlet?

4. What do graphs of DC and AC power sources look like? Why?

March 04, 2010

DRILL

DC Power Supply

AC Power Supply

120 volts

Page 2: U3e-L8 1.What does the following schematic symbol represent? 2.What does the following schematic symbol represent? 3.How many volts are typical in a residential

• If voltage is constantly 1.5 V, what does its graph over time look like?

Direct Current

Time (seconds)

Volt

e (

volt

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

1.5 V

U3e-L8

• If voltage is alternating 120 V to -120 V, what does its graph over time look like?

Alternating Current

Time (seconds)

Volt

e (

volt

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

-1

+/-120 V

U3e-L8

• Michael Faraday (1791-1867)

– London, England.

– Physicist and Chemist

• First person to successfully create an electric motor.

• Discovered that electric currents create a magnetic field, and vice versa.

Electric Motors

Page 5: U3e-L8 1.What does the following schematic symbol represent? 2.What does the following schematic symbol represent? 3.How many volts are typical in a residential

• To demonstrate the principle of electromagnetism.

• To use principles of electromagnetism to produce a mechanical result.

Purpose of Lesson

U3e-L8

• Electric motors are used everyday in many ways.• A motor’s purpose is to turn electrical energy into

mechanical energy.

Motors work on simple principles of magnetism:• Opposite poles _____________• Like poles _____________

ELECTRIC MOTORS

N SN S

ATTRACT

REPEL

Page 7: U3e-L8 1.What does the following schematic symbol represent? 2.What does the following schematic symbol represent? 3.How many volts are typical in a residential

• An electric current produces a magnetic field.• Electric current through a coil of wire creates an

electromagnet.• What is the benefit of creating a magnet with

electricity?– It can be turned on and off.– The strength and direction of the magnetic

poles can be controlled by altering the strength and direction of the electric current.

ELECTRIC MOTORS

U3e-L8

N S

NSELECTRIC MOTORS

Back to our magnet:• Suppose we create an electromagnet like below.• What will happen?

– The electromagnet and the permanent magnet will REPEL each other.

• What will happen now?– The electromagnet and the permanent magnet will

ATTRACT each other.

Page 9: U3e-L8 1.What does the following schematic symbol represent? 2.What does the following schematic symbol represent? 3.How many volts are typical in a residential

N S

• What would happen if we put an axle through the middle of the permanent magnet, then turned on the electromagnet?

• This is how a motor rotates.• The electromagnet is turned on and off so that the

permanent magnet is attracted, then repelled, then attracted, then repelled….and so on.

ELECTRIC MOTORS

U3e-L8

What is a schematic?

How would a schematic which includes an electric

motor look?

ELECTRIC MOTORS

A schematic is a diagram that represents the elements of a system without using realistic pictures.

V = 9V

Motor

Switch = Commutator

U3e-L8

• Now that you know what switches look like in electrical schematics, draw an electrical schematic for a lamp plugged into a wall outlet.

• Remember that AC power supplies look like in electrical schematics.

ELECTRIC MOTORS

U3e-L8

ELECTRIC MOTORS

120 VLamp

U3e-L8

HOMEWORK

• Finish reading the article about magnetism and motors (Maglev Trains) and answering the questions.

• Due tomorrow.

U3e-L8

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u3e-l8 1.what does the following schematic symbol represent? 2.what does the following schematic...

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