typical structures in english 1

8/11/2019 Typical Structures in English 1

1/12

For as often as we hear about murders, the suicide rate is actually much higher than the homicide rate.

Nearly a third more people die at their own hands than at other peoples

So for every two murders you hear about, three other people kill themselves

The national suicide rate has climbed by 12 percent since 2003, and suicide is the third-leading cause ofdeath for teenagers

Why do murders seem so much more common than suicides? Part of the reason lies in whatpsychologists call the availability heuris tic.

the collision reduced the car to a useless wreck.

That explains, in part, why many people fear flying though they know that statistically its one of thesafest modes of transport.

Though crashes are very rare, the vividness and emotion of seeing dramatic footage of crashed planesdrowns out the rational knowledge of statistical safety.

The study included data on more than 130,000 people who took an annual survey on drug use andhealth. Nearly 22,000 of the respondents had taken a psychedelic drug .

he was admitted to hospital with minor burns( nh p vin )

New York City's "stop-and-frisk" policy was recently struck down by a judge who alleged it targets blackand Hispanic residents unfairly ( allege: cho r ng ,vin c )

Racial profiling by police can fit one of several categories, according to Jack Glaser, associate dean of theSchool of Public Policy at the University of California, Berkeley, and an expert in racial profiling anddiscrimination(racial profiling: k th mu da ).

Its not that people gravitate toward social media when theyre feeling blue( gravitate: h ng v , v)

Given ( b i v,given that+ clause) the public nature of these sites, people end up reporting a lot of thepositive things going on in their lives.

I have the impression ( ngha l c m gic ,ch ko phi ln tng)that we have met once before.

Positive social interactions can boost happiness and intelligence and lead to better decision-making

People who are more socially integrated( ha nh p x hi) live longer, healthier lives.


2/12

To log in (also: to log on , sign in , or sign on ) is to identify oneself to the system in order to obtain access.

To log out (also: to log off , sign out , or sign off ) is to close off one's access to a computer system afterpreviously logging in/.

To sweep in ( to some place): the wind sweeps in ( to the house).

White matter brain lesions were 68 percent more likely in those with aura, and 34 percent more likely inthose who experience migraines alone.

We also want to find out how these lesions(th ng tn) may influence brain function.

A salary is part of a compensation package ( gi th a thun)that employers provide to employees in

exchange for performing specified services.

he comes back to see us at regular intervals ( u n ) ( interval: khong thi gian/ khong khnggian gia hai ci g )

the trees were planted at five-metre intervals( cch nhau 5 mt ).

ten pounds' worth of petrol ( s lng ci g mua c bng mt kho n tin no : c gi)

a day's worth of fuel ( s lng ci g ko di c trong m t kho ng th i gian no : dung cho )

perk( ti n th lao them ,bng lc)

accrue from: sinh ra t .

accrue to : dn n .

Repel( y li,lm kh chu,khc t

to ward off blows , disease , danger , intruders ( trnh )

overwhelming joy ( ni m vui trn ngp )

overwhelming majority ( a s p o )

overwhelming exhaustion ( ht sc ,qu mc c th chu c

She has set her mind to do it and she's going to do it.

Tread water ( b i ng )

notch up(


3/12

Switzerlands economy defied the recession ( ch ng li ,ngoi ra defy cn c ngha: ko tun theo,bt chp)

to notch sth up ( t c )

uninterrupted (adj,lin t c)

underlining ( nh n mnh)the importance of the countrys currency ceiling as it marks its secondanniversary.

Contraction ( s co ,s st gim )

an abrupt turn ( t ngt )

abrupt answers ( c c lc )

/ kw n.t .te .t

v/quantitative ( thu c v lng )

That decision is due at noon in London ( c nh th i gian, c sp t, c ch i (theo k hoch, theo quy nh...)

a subdued conversation ( kh )

subdued lighting ( d u nh )

if I don't go to the party , I'll feel I'm missing out ( thi t thi )

unwitting (adj: ngu nhin ,v tnh )

While that`s the focus, other issues are standing on the sidelines ( ng bn l,ph )

It 's envisaged ( d tnh) tha t building will start at the end of this year .

He wasn't what I'd expected - I'd envisaged( hnh dung) someone much taller .

relentless criticism / pressure ( dn dp) Add a scant( g n nh) half litre (= almost half a litre ) of milk to the mixture and stir well.

He pays scant(t) at tent ion to the needs of his children

to hold to one's promise/to hold by one's principles( hold to/by sth: gi v ng ,gi ch c)

The escaped convicts hunkered down( tr n) in a cave in the mountains
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4/12

We hunkered down (ng i chm h m)round the campfire , toasting marshmallows .

Though all theevidence was against him, he hunkered down( m t m c ,bo th ) and refused toadmit his guilt.

Merciless (adj: tn nhn,nhn tm).

Lobby:to try to persuade a politician , the government , or an official group that a particular thing should orshould not happen , or that a law should be changed (vn ng hnh lang)

Small businesses have lobbied hard for /agains t changes in the tax laws .

[+ to infinitive] Local residents lobbied to have the factory shut down.

[+ obj + to infinitive ] They have been lobbying Congress to change the legislationconcerning guns .

its decision is UP IN THE AIR ( cha dt khot).

Directorate( ban gim c,c quan chuyn trch)

delve into sth ( lc li trong ci g ,o bi(k thut))

a sheet of ice/fire//water(mng ,khi)

subglacial lake ( h di mt bng)

adverse elements ( cc ph n t ch ng i)

adverse wind ( gi ng c)

adverse(bt li,c hi) environmental and public-health impacts."

measurement(s o lng,s o,kch thc)turbulence(s hn lon)

joint( khp xng ,ch ni,adj:chung)

topographic( thuc v php o v a hnh).

highest-resolution gravity maps ( s phn gii)

gravity field( trng tr ng lc)

subtle changes(tinh vi)he fared well in his business (lm n)

how well families fare( sinh sng)

hands-on care/experience( th c t,thc hnh)

nurture (chm sc ,nui nng).
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5/12

polygamy /p l..mi/(ch a th)

inversely(ngc)

basin(vng vnh,vng t trng,lu vc,ci chu)

remediation ( /r mi di e n/ : s sa cha ,s b sung)

outlet( ca hng phn ph i ,ch thot ra,ca song,dng nc thot ra t h ,ao;)

non-uniform settlement( ln khng ng u)

non uniform velocity(tc khng u)

PHN BIT ICE SHEET VS ICE SHELF

I tried to slink (l n i)out of the room so that nobody would see me go

The elephant trumpets(r ng ln), maraud,raid

The lawyers played back(chi li)the conversation to show that their client was innocent

Trigger(v:gy ra,n:c sung)

microscope / ma .kr .sk p/( knh hi n vi)

lens(KNH HIN VI)

he exerted(s dng) all his influence to make them accept this plan

microsphere( phn t hnh cu)

haptic( thuc v xc gic)
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6/12

He caught the ball with great dexterity. /dek ster. .ti/ s kho lo

to perceive (hi u)the point of an argument

I perceived (nh n th y)a change in his behavior

adhesion /d hi .n/ s dnh ,s trung thnh

inertia/ n . / tnh

multidisciplinary /ml.ti.ds.pln.r.i/ a ngnh ,a lnh vc

interdisciplinary lin ngnh

miscarriage(s tht bi ,s tht lc,s sy thai)

recurrent(ti din nhiu ln)

exacerbate /zs..be t/ lm tr m tr ng

uterine / ju:tr.a n/ thuc v t cung

reminisce about sth ( nh v ,h i tng)

prevalence / prev. l.nt/s ph bi n

point to :ch ra ,cho th y ,m ch ai /ci g

I often bump into(tnh c g p) him at the supermarket.

Evoke(gi ra) vivid memories

I don't know why she did it - I'm just speculating.(suy on)

Speculate in oil shares(u c)

Hinge on sth ( xoay quanh)

short on sth thi u

short with v l

secretion /s kri . n/ s c t gi u ,s bi ti t

cesspool=cesspit=sink h m c u

plummet / plm. t/ qu di,hn ch ,verb:ri nhanh xu ng ( objects,prices)

they enlisted( g i nh p ng) four hundred recruits for the navy
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7/12

have you enlisted yet ?(nh p ng) They enlisted our support(ginh c)

hypothesis /ha p..s s/ gi thuyt

consistent (kin nh)

More than 2.1 million U.S. troops( troops[plural]:qun) have been deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan sincecombat began in October of 2001

Hostile aircraft (thuc ch)

hostile remarks (hn hc), hostile / hs.ta l/ :to/toward sb hn hc

Quantum/ kwn.tm/ ph n,m c,nh lng ,lng t (vt l)

entanglement/ nt.l.mnt/ s mc b y

entanglements(plural) s dy da ,eg: entanglements with police

Quantum entanglement ( r i lng t = vng m c lng t :hin tng v t l)

entanglements (qun s ) hng ro (b ng dy thp gai, c c...)

In their paper(bo co khoa hc), published this week inNature Physics , Dr Fernando Brando (UCLComputer Science) and Dr Micha Horodecki..

Reduce/increase exponentially / ek.sp nen. l/ (theo hm s m)

The writer characterizes his hero as stingy and hypocritical (m t ..nh l)

the rolling downs that characterize this part of England(l c im c a ci g ..)

intuitive/n tju ..tv/ (thuc v tr c gic)

d r o p o f f 1. To fall asleep.2. To decrease: Sales dropped off in the fourth quarter Tempt sb into sth/doing sth xi gic

Tempt sb;cm d

In the region of = approximately

Counterexample( An example that refutes or disproves a hypothesis, proposition, or theorem) phn v d

cold medicine that is available over the counter. (khng c n k n)

arrested for selling prescription drugs under the counter.(ln lt)


8/12

confer (with somebody) (on/about something) to discuss something with somebody, in order toexchange opinions or get advice He wanted to confer with his colleagues before reaching a decision.

confer something (on/upon somebody) to give somebody an award, a university degree or a particularhonour or right An honorary degree was conferred on him by Oxford University in 2009.

Continuing strikes are beginning to play havoc with the national economy(tn ph)

These insects can wreak havoc on crops(tn ph)

an electromagnetic / lektro m netk/ wave/field(song/trng i n t )

geostationarydio ste neri a tnh h c

dismantle(hy b)the previous administration's clean energy policies.

I had to dismantle(tho d ) the engine in order to repair it.

to seek/apply for/be granted asylum (s t n n chnh tr )He was sworn in as president.(swear=th ,tuyn th )

Governor General Quentin Bryce ( Ton quyn), center-left Labor Party

premier ( most important, famous or successful)

consul-general/knsl / t ng lnh s , a contentious issue/topic/subject(gy tranh ci)

lieutenant/luten nt/ trung y

lieutenant (an officer just below the rank mentioned) a lieutenant colonel,a lieutenant generalprevent them falling into the hands of people smugglers

vigilante/ vdlnti / i vin dn phng, shootout cuc u sung

pick-up truck

She burst into tears and fled (flee b ch y)

The driver had already fled the scene of the accident (b tr n kh i)

Arellano says soldiers ordered the men traveling in a pickup truck to stop but instead themen fled and opened fire on the troops as they gave chase

to return fire(b n tr ), The gunmen opened fire on (= started shooting at) the police(b n)


9/12

He ordered his men to hold their fire (= not to shoot), A young girl was in the line of fire (=between the person shooting and what he/she was shooting at)

Trafficker (ngi bun lu)

The British government attempted to extradite/ ekstr da t /(d n )the suspects from Belgium.

alleged drug kingpin (nhn vt chnh)

the alleged attacker/victim/killer(ngi c cho l k ,nn nhn)

knock at/on something Somebody was knocking on the window(g,nh)

break in : to enter a building by force ( t nh p)( only used for buiding) break into something : to enter a building by force; to open a car, etc. by force

911 operator(ngi tr c tng i)

slam something + adjective She slammed the lid shut (ng sm)

She slammed down the phone angrily(nm ph ch)

Opening this door will set off the alarm ( to make an alarm start ringing)

yell (at somebody/something) He yelled at the other driver

yell at somebody to do something She yelled at the child to get down from the wall.(la ht)

turf/ trf / l p t m t

tawny/ tni/(vng nu) mouse

emitting high-pitched trills(m rung)

to repel an attack/invasion/invader( y li)

I was repelled by the smell.(lm kh ch u)

Like poles repel each other( y:v t l)

They are each recognized specialists in their respective(c a mnh) fields

Respectively(tng ng)

the vocalizations/ vokl ze n /(s pht m) of animals

There were confrontations between local residents and the police.(c dn)

The hotel restaurant is open to non-residents.(khch tr )

the town's resident population(t h ng tr)

the doctrine/ dktrn/(h c thuyt)of parliamentary sovereignty


10/12

He was telegraphing( to make it clear to people what you are going to do, often without intendingto) loud and clear that Iranian negotiators will bargain seriously at the next roundof international talks

I didn't mean to leave her name off the list; it was an oversight(s b st)

The committee has oversight of finance and general policy.(s gim st)

the most likely outcome(c kh nng)

She seems the most likely candidate for the job.(thch h p)

The economic sanctions have been lifted.(s tr ng ph t)

These changes will require the sanction of the court.(s ph chu n)

I wouldn't bet on them winning the next election(c )

I bet (that) we're too late(c v tin ch c)

The pool was declared open and eager swimmers plunged in.(lao vo)

She was about to plunge into her story when the phone rang.(lao vo)

The news plunged them into deep depression.( y vo)

The country plunged deeper into recession.(b y vo)

Los Angeles is rife with (y r y) gossip about the stars' private lives

It is a country where corruption is rife.(lan trn)

They bungled the job.(lm h ng)

Profits slumped by over 50%(s t gi m)

The ceasefire was seen as a major landmark(b c ngo t) in the fight against terrorism.

The Empire State Building is a familiar landmark(ci m c,trn b n ) on the New York skyline.

economic reforms will go hand-in-hand(g n lin) with political ones.

psychiatrist /sa ka tr st /nh tm th n h c

Rising prices are the result of the recent rash(ln song) of strikes in the steel industry.

The report highlights a number of instances(tr ng h p) of injustice.

Dr. Torrey says the U.S. has fallen down on the job(khng lm ht chc trch) of treating society'smentally ill

The problem began when mental hospitals where most of the mentally ill were cruelly warehousedwere shutter ed(ng ca)


11/12

Inmate(bn cng trong t,bn cng bnh vin)

After a five-month hiatus/ha e ts/(s gin on), the talks resumed.

climatic variability(s thay i)

Our tax regime is one of the most favourable in Europe//a fascist/totalitarian/military, etc. regime(ch )

the oscillation of the compass needle//the oscillations of the pound against foreign currency(S daong)

The plant can be propagated/ pr p e t/from seed.(nhn gi ng)

Plants won't propagate(sinh s n) in these conditions.

Television advertising propagates(truy n b) a false image of the ideal family.

a dramatic shift(s thay i) in public opinion

to be on the day/night shift(ca) at the factory

We learnt how to draw buildings in perspective (lut xa gn,phi cnh)

a perspective(c nh nhn t xa) of the whole valley

Try to see the issue from a different perspective .(quan i m)

Try to keep these issues in perspective(b n ch t)

to refute an argument/a theory, etc.(bc b )

to make suggestive remarks(khiu g i, making people think about sex)

music that is suggestive of warm summer days(g i nh)

Awareness of class is a typically British trait(nt c trng)

Most reptiles reproduce(sinh sn) by laying eggs on land.

It is illegal to reproduce (sao chp)these worksheets without permission from the publisher.

The atmosphere of the novel is successfully reproduced(ti s n xut)in the movie.

Pectoral/ pekt rl/fins(v y ngc)

Vitamin deficiency(s thiu ht) in the diet can cause illness.

deficiencies in the computer system(khi m khuyt)


12/12

a trade-off(s cn bng) between increased production and a reduction in quality

a potent(c s c thuyt phc) argument//a very potent(c tc d ng mnh) alcoholic brew//a potent(chiu nghim) drug//a potent(c uy l c ln) force(having a strong effect on your body or mind:ty theotrg h p m dch

a potent molecular inhibitor/ nh b tr/(ch t c ch)

Subsidies to farmers will be phased out (ng ng dn)by next year.

Tundra/t ndr /(lnh nguyn)

peat bogs(bi than bn)

photosynthesis/fo to s ns s/(quang h p)

The committee will need time to assimilate//Some people can only assimilate change gradually(h p

th) this report.

assimilate somebody (into/to something) Immigrants have been successfully assimilated into thecommunity.(ha nh p,ng ha)

His resignation precipitated/ pr s p te t / a leadership crisis.( y nhanh)

The assassination of the president precipitated( y) the country into war.

Precipitate(kt ta)

Just stay put(ng i yn, yn) with the cases , while I go and find a taxi .
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/search/british/direct/?q=caseshttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/search/british/direct/?q=caseshttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/search/british/direct/?q=caseshttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/search/british/direct/?q=findhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/search/british/direct/?q=findhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/search/british/direct/?q=findhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/search/british/direct/?q=taxihttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/search/british/direct/?q=taxihttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/search/british/direct/?q=taxihttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/search/british/direct/?q=taxihttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/search/british/direct/?q=findhttp://dictionary.cambridge.org/search/british/direct/?q=cases

typical structures in english 1

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