types of leaves. ginkgo family: ginkgoaceae genus: ginkgo species: biloba scientific name:...
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Types of Leaves
GinkgoFamily: GinkgoaceaeGenus: GinkgoSpecies: bilobaScientific name: Ginkgo biloba
MAPLESFamily: AceraceaeGenus: Acer
MAPLES Seeds!!
Ex: Red maple: Acer rubrum
Most maples have simple palmate leaves
Some maples have compound leaves
Box elder maple:
Acer negundo
Paper bark maple
Acer griseum
Papery bark, peels, looks like cinnamon
MAPLES
For species of maples and scientific names, see the tree ID list.
To identify specific species, use field guides, the internet, or talk to Mrs. McCarrey about using her book to compare leaves.
SYCAMORES (aka plane trees)Family: PlatanaceaeGenus: Platanus Can be confused with maples; the difference is the sycamores don’t
have the classic maple seeds and sycamores have very distinctive bark that looks like dried and cracked mud (right) or sometimes sloughs off (below)
OAKSFamily: FagaceaeGenus: Quercus
OAKSSeeds = acorns
BEECHES Family: Fagaceae Genus: Fagus Typically have a smooth gray bark (like an elephant,
but smoother!) Classic beech leaves have wide-spread veins in a
pinnate leaf and are pubescent on margins and bottom
of leaf.
WILLOWS Family: Salicaceae
Genus: Salix
Usually have narrow, pointed leaves (except for pussy willows)
Seeds: catkins (in spring)
Some “weep” (but not all – this is true of weeping willows and
corkscrew willows”
Above and right: catkins
Left and below: leaves and tree of weeping willow
Cottonwoods & Poplars Family: Salicaceae
Genus: Populus
Tall, grow by water, cottonwood seeds in spring
Deeply furrowed bark
ASPEN Family: Salicaceae
Genus: Populus
Species: Populus tremuloides
Classic white bark with black lines on it; live in clumps (clonal)
Leaves: flat, soft teeth, pointed
Birches Family: Betulaceae (same family as alders and hornbeams)
Genus: Betula (alder genus: alnus, hornbeam genus: Carpinus)
Serrated leaves
Usually have white bark (paper birch bark peels like paper,
weeping birches have deeply serrated teeth and white bark
with black lines)
Pine Trees Family: Pinaceae
Genus: Pinus
Needles usually come in fascicles/bundles of 2, 3, or 5 (rarely as 1) and are usually 2” or longer
Pinecones
Needles in 2s: Austrian, Bosnian Red Cone, 2-needle pinyon, Scots/Scotch
Needles in 3s: Jeffrey and Ponderosa
Needles in 5s: Bristlecones, Limber
Spruces Family: Pinaceae
Genus: Picea
Needles are shorter than pine needles; come in bundles/fascicles of 1
Pokey/sharp needles (typically stiffer than pine needles)
Blue spruce: Picea pungens
Cedars Family: Pinaceae
Genus: Cedrus
More elegant appearing than pines/spruces; boughs often droop with age
Needles are whorled in clusters of at least 20
Firs and Douglas Firs Family: Pinace
Genus for firs: Abies
Genus for Douglas-fir: Pseudotsuga
Fur needles are soft and not sharp; less stiff than spruces “firs are friendly!”
Fir cones are papery (douglas fir cones have little “tails” on the paper)
Left: white fir coneRight: Douglas fir cone
Horsechestnuts/Buckeyes Family: Sapindaceae
Genus: Aesculus
Compound palmate leaves with either 5 or 7 leaflets; seeds are spikey balls
Good shade trees
Elms Family: Ulmaceae
Genus: Ulmus
These have prolific papery seeds (seeds almost look like petals)
Many species are messy (lots of sap, pollen, and seeds)
Serrated pinnate leaves with widely spread veins; leaf is
asymmetrical where it comes off of the petiole
Linden Family: Tiliaceae
Genus: Tilia
Key features: light serration on leaves, leaves usually asymmetrical (slightly heart shaped) where blade comes off of petiole, leaves have a petal which accompanies them and dries out/turns yellow/white as summer progresses
Walnut trees Family: Juglandaceae Genus: Juglans In Utah there are two main types:
English walnut (Juglans regia)Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)
Compound leaves
Walnut seeds in spring/summer
Fruit Trees Family: Rosaceae Same family as rosebushes Many different cultivars or breeds (often people label
cultivars or specific types by adding a word to the end of the scientific name, e.g. Tilia cordata greenspire, but you don’t have to identify this cultivar)
Hawthorn Family: Rosaceae Genus: Crataegus
Serrated leaves of varying shapes, small round berries that birds eat
PearFamily: RosaceaeGenus: Pyrus
Common pears are European pear Pyrus communis (has fruit) and Bradford pear (tiny non-edible fruits)
Apple Family: Rosaceae Genus: Malus
Includes crabapples (right) and apples (below)
Plum, cherry, apricot, peachFamily: RosaceaeGenus: Prunus
Rowan Family: Rosaceae Genus: Rowan
In legend, rowan wood is used to ward off witches (see The Last Apprentice series).
Image sources
BYU TREE TOUR website http://treetour.byu.edu/map.aspx
Wikimedia commons
Google images when first two sources were inadequate to portray key characteristics